封婷
【摘要】小學(xué)英語寫作是交際的工具、思維的展現(xiàn)和情感的表達,應(yīng)通過創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,多模態(tài)視角下調(diào)動學(xué)生寫作興趣,激發(fā)寫作熱情。通過體驗式寫作教學(xué)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生寫作能力,使學(xué)生從“情境”中來,到“情境”中去。
【關(guān)鍵詞】英語核心素養(yǎng) 體驗式寫作 中國傳統(tǒng)文化
英語學(xué)科的核心素養(yǎng)包括語言能力、思維品質(zhì)、文化品格和學(xué)習(xí)能力四個維度。其中“文化品格”強調(diào)了新時代學(xué)生應(yīng)該具備對中外文化的理解力和對優(yōu)秀中國文化的認同感與傳播力。譯林版英語教材進行了多處修改,中國元素越來越多,感受、體驗、傳播中華民族的優(yōu)秀文化是小學(xué)英語教師的使命擔當。譯林版小學(xué)《英語》六年級(下冊)第六單元各版塊以An interesting country為話題,介紹了澳大利亞、英國等國家的天氣、動物、運動、景點等,使學(xué)生對這些英語國家的風土人情形成初步印象。筆者在第4課時設(shè)計了“根據(jù)提示,以An interesting country為題,用英文介紹中國的基本概況”這一寫作教學(xué)內(nèi)容,聚焦中華傳統(tǒng)手工藝之趣,以介紹中國十二生肖剪紙為寫作話題,以聽、說、讀、看、寫相結(jié)合的方式,理解賞析、交流體驗中國文化,全面指向素養(yǎng)提升。
【教學(xué)過程】
Step1:Review創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,培養(yǎng)語言能力
Talk about the main countries.
T:From Unit 6, we learned something about different countries. Would you like to complete notes about them?
設(shè)計意圖:開門見山,激活舊知,引出國家話題,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞提煉信息的能力。
Step2:Present 問題導(dǎo)向,引領(lǐng)思維品質(zhì)
1. 呈現(xiàn)中國地圖,暢談話題:China is...in my heart.
T:China. Please use one word to describe it.
S1:China is big in my heart.
T:(數(shù)字體驗)What is the area of China? It is about 24 times larger than Japan. It is about 90 times larger than Jiangsu.
S2:China is clean and beautiful in my heart.
T:(視覺體驗)Lucid water and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
S3:China is powerful in my heart.
T:(圖片體驗)We defeated the COVID-19 together.
S4:China is interesting in my heart.
T:(思維體驗)What is interesting in China?
設(shè)計意圖:利用思維導(dǎo)圖,發(fā)散思維,暢談學(xué)生眼中的“趣”,為下文引出傳統(tǒng)手工藝做好鋪墊。
2. 傳統(tǒng)手工藝作品——虎頭鞋之初體驗。
a. 觀看學(xué)?!盎⑼蘼健鄙鐖F手工藝作品視頻。
T:In some places, there are some interesting traditional handicrafts. In our school,there is one of them, most of students are interested in making it. It is Tiger-head shoes. Lets focus on it.
b. 自主閱讀介紹虎頭鞋的英文范文,體驗更多文化背景。
T:What do the students make in the video?
Why do people call them Tiger-head shoes?
As one of Chinese traditional handicrafts,would you like to know more? Shall we read the following passage?
Hello, everybody! Look at these interesting shoes carefully. What do they look like? Yes, Tiger-head. How cute! People call them Tiger-head shoes. They were made by hand for kids. Tiger is the king of the forest. It is so strong and large that it can drive the evil away. Can you see the tigers eyes, brows, mouth and nose? They are sewn(縫制) with needle(針) and thread(線).It is too hard to make it. But people are interested in making it. Children usually learn to walk in these tiger-head shoes. In the blessing(祝福)of the parents and grandparents, the kids will become strong and healthy when they put on tiger-head shoes.
c. 小組合作,填寫信息卡。
T:After reading, you may get other points about it. Try to complete this note.
d. 交流反饋,形成信息差。
Ss:The name is Tiger-head shoe. It is a handicraft. It is not easy to make it. It looks like a tiger head. Children learn to walk easily after wearing it. It makes them healthy and strong...
設(shè)計意圖:淺顯的文字,結(jié)合適當?shù)膱D片,激發(fā)學(xué)生對中華傳統(tǒng)手工藝的熱情。利用虎頭鞋英文介紹作為寫作范例,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀后填寫信息卡,培養(yǎng)他們概括提煉的能力,使學(xué)生構(gòu)建信息框架,為下文搭建另一個框架做好熱身。
Step3:Pre-writing信息交流,增強文化意識
信息卡形式呈現(xiàn)本節(jié)課寫作主題:中國十二生肖剪紙,利用多模態(tài)形式激發(fā)學(xué)生寫作靈感。
T:Tiger-head shoes are a kind of traditional handicraft about animals. Here is another one. You can see animals on it too. Read and guess.
a. 初讀信息卡,猜出傳統(tǒng)手工藝名稱:Chinese Paper Cutting。
b. 再讀信息卡,問答競賽形式,了解交流文化背景。
For example:
What color?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?What shape?
How to make it?? ? ? ? ? ?When can you see it?
Where do we put it?? ? ?Is it easy to make?
What year is 2020?? ? ? It is the year of Rat.
教師適當補充十二生肖的剪紙圖片,即興示范剪紙,贈送精美剪紙,激發(fā)興趣,豐富體驗,積累寫作用語。
c. 創(chuàng)設(shè)“我為外賓講剪紙”情境,小組合作齊商量,自制思維導(dǎo)圖,搭建寫作支架。
T:Do you like our Chinese Paper Cutting? It is worth sharing.
How to share well? What can we introduce to more foreigners?
設(shè)計意圖:學(xué)生經(jīng)歷了“關(guān)于虎頭鞋的英文介紹材料閱讀——虎頭鞋信息卡提煉——剪紙信息卡閱讀——剪紙英文介紹擴展材料閱讀”這一“輸入、輸出、再輸入、再輸出”的語言加工過程,其思維廣度得到增長,文化意識得到滲透,語言能力得到提升,寫作熱情得到激發(fā)。
Step4:While-writing 綜合運用,提升寫作能力
1. 呈現(xiàn)本節(jié)課寫作要求。
T:According to the mind map, try to use your words to show our Chinese Paper Cutting.
剪紙是中國傳統(tǒng)文化之一,請結(jié)合思維導(dǎo)圖,為學(xué)校剪紙社團的同學(xué)們準備一份英文介紹,讓更多人認識、喜歡剪紙吧。
2. 呈現(xiàn)本節(jié)課寫作自評表。
設(shè)計意圖:指明題意,學(xué)生按照寫作要求,參照思維導(dǎo)圖提綱,仔細審題,對照自評表寫作內(nèi)容和書寫要求展開寫作,有章可循。
Step5:Post-writing知情融合,浸潤情感態(tài)度
1.對照自評表,示范點評,以評促學(xué)。
教師有針對性地投影兩篇習(xí)作,帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生邊閱讀,邊評價。一篇側(cè)重關(guān)注習(xí)作結(jié)構(gòu)與內(nèi)容:是否講清了中國剪紙的特色,文字是否吸引讀者;另一篇側(cè)重關(guān)注習(xí)作的書寫、標點、拼寫、時態(tài)等,使學(xué)生意識到好習(xí)作既要有思想,也要有顏值。
2.對照互評表,同伴互評,以評促改。
一人一表,參照教師評價方式以及批改符號,閱讀對方習(xí)作,善于發(fā)現(xiàn)習(xí)作亮點,友善提出修改建議,為二次潤色做好準備。
3.創(chuàng)設(shè)真實情境,解說展示,知情融合。
教師搭臺子,以評選“最佳解說稿”為情境,鼓勵學(xué)生自薦或他薦,自信展示中華文化,豐富學(xué)生演說體驗,引導(dǎo)他們學(xué)會從習(xí)作功能、習(xí)作篇幅、習(xí)作內(nèi)容、習(xí)作情感等多維度展開綜合評選。
設(shè)計意圖:在理解和表達中國剪紙文化的語言實踐活動中,融合知識學(xué)習(xí)和技能發(fā)展,通過獲取、概括、創(chuàng)新等思維活動,構(gòu)建寫作結(jié)構(gòu),在自評、互評中發(fā)展思維品質(zhì),在展示中形成文化理解,促進英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)的形成和發(fā)展。
Homework:
1.繼續(xù)修改作文,打印投稿于剪紙社團輔導(dǎo)教師。
2.參照中國剪紙寫作步驟及方法,運用思維導(dǎo)圖列提綱,嘗試用英文介紹中國傳統(tǒng)工藝之糖人。
附:學(xué)生習(xí)作一篇
Welcome to our club to see Chinese paper cutting. I am glad to tell you about it. It has a long history of over 2,000 years. We cut red paper into different animal shapes. Strong tiger, lovely rabbit, clever monkey, honest horse...They are beautiful, cute and useful. On Chinese New Years Eve,people put them on windows.They make our house bright and new. Many students are interested in making it. 2020 is the year of Rat, we use knives and scissors to make a smart rat with our best wishes. We hope everything goes well this year.
整節(jié)寫作課,筆者關(guān)注英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng),師生就“國家”這一宏觀話題做了微觀趣聊,在不同體驗中巧妙滲透中華傳統(tǒng)文化,以話題寫作為手段,以中心問題為導(dǎo)向,以思維導(dǎo)圖為抓手,寫作前分類、概括、建構(gòu)、表達,寫作后評價、反思、展示,以說促寫,以評促改,在不斷交流體驗中明晰寫作思路、完善寫作成果,加深了對中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的理解、認同、體驗和認知,使孩子們積極傳播中華文化的表達訴求得到了滿足。
(作者單位:江蘇省泰州市高港實驗小學(xué))