朱敏
筆者從2015年開始一直從事高三英語教學(xué),并且分別于2017年和2018年參加高考英語作文評卷工作,對于指導(dǎo)學(xué)生如何寫出一篇高分乃至滿分英語作文積累了一定的經(jīng)驗。本文將通過展示具體的寫作模式和給出相應(yīng)的寫作范例,對書信體作文的開頭、主體段和結(jié)尾段的寫作技巧進行探討,以幫助廣大考生提高英語寫作水平。
寫作模式
首先,好的開始是成功的一半。
書信體作文的開頭段一定要展示精彩的語言表達,吸引評卷老師的眼球。開頭段的功能就是點明寫作目的,同時考慮是否需要進行自我介紹。以下是幾種不錯的開頭句或一些點明寫作目的時可能用得上的短語:
1. 自我介紹
如果相互不熟,需要自我介紹。可參考以下句式:
I am Li Hua, a senior three student from China / chairman of the Students Union.
I am Li Hua, a senior three student who would like to do sth/feels it a great honor to do sth.
2. 吸引眼球的寫作目的
More than delighted to learn that you... , Im writing to... /in the hope that...
Words fail to convey my... when news comes that... . I am writing to... /in the hope that...
Knowing from...that... , I am writing to... /in the hope that...
3. I am writing to... 后可能使用的短語
(1)offer some advice/suggestions about...(提供關(guān)于……的建議)
(2)ask for your help(請求幫助)
(3)do you a favor(幫你)
(4)ask for further/specific/detailed information(詢問進一步/具體的/詳細的信息)
(5)recommend sth(推薦某物)
(6)make a brief introduction to...(簡單介紹)
(7)apply for the job/post;apply to join you(申請得到崗位;申請加入你們)
(8)apologize(to sb)for(doing)sth(因為某事向某人道歉)
(9)complain (to sb) about...(向某人投訴什么)
(10)congratulatesb on(doing)sth.(祝賀某人某事)
然后,中間主體段可視題目要點進行分層表述。
段首句進行總括,接下來分兩點或者三點分層表達。這樣寫的目的一則使主體段結(jié)構(gòu)清晰和層次分明;二則可以讓主體段的上下文聯(lián)系緊密,要點表達自然順暢。具體語句展示如下:
總括句:Below are the details / reasons / suggestions / detailed requirements...
分兩層:For one thing,.... For another, ... .
分三層:Above all/To begin with,.... Besides/In addition, ... Eventually/Last but not least, ... .
注意:Below is the detailed information you need to provide. (需要對方提供信息)
Below is the detailed information I would like to provide.(提供信息給對方)
最后,結(jié)尾段的書寫必須視題目交代的寫作目的而定,注意與首段呼應(yīng)。例如,如果是求助信,就務(wù)必感謝對方;如果是建議信,就要請求對方考慮自己的建議。
1.求助信,表示感謝。
I would fully appreciate it if you could ... . Looking forward to your early reply!
2.其他信,不用感謝。
It is my sincere hope that you will ... . Your prompt attention to my writing will be highly appreciated!
3.不超字?jǐn)?shù),可以寫。
If you have any question, do feel free to ask me.
范例展示
2018年全國I卷英語作文范例展示:
假定你是李華,你的新西蘭朋友Terry將去中國朋友家做客,發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關(guān)習(xí)俗。請你回復(fù)郵件,內(nèi)容包括:
1. 到達時間;
2. 合適的禮物;
3. 餐桌禮儀。
注意:
1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
開頭段:
More than delighted to learn that you will pay a visit to a Chinese family, I am writing to offer some suggestions about it.
主體段:
To begin with, you are expected to arrive fifteen minutes earlier so that the family wont wait and you can chat with them to know about the Chinese lifestyle. In addition, it is kind of you to prepare and present a delicate gift, which shows that you really care about them. Gifts like flowers and fruits are appropriate. Last but not least, you should mind the table manners when dining. Not until the host begins to eat can you enjoy the food. When the host picks up food for you, do remember to express your gratitude.
結(jié)尾段:
It is my sincere hope that you will find my advice useful and helpful. If you have any question, do feel free to ask me.
2017年全國I卷英語作文范例展示:
假定你是李華,正在教你的英國朋友Leslie學(xué)習(xí)漢語。請你寫封郵件告知下次上課的計劃。內(nèi)容包括:
(1)時間和地點;
(2)內(nèi)容:學(xué)習(xí)唐詩;
(3)課前準(zhǔn)備:簡要了解唐朝的歷史。
注意:
1. 詞數(shù)100左右;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
開頭段:
Words fail to convey my delight when news comes that you have made rapid progress in your Chinese study. I am writing to inform you of the details of your next Chinese lesson.
主體段:
Above all, I would like to meet you in Room 301 of the school library at 3 p.m. on July 1 and do make sure that you wont miss it. Besides, what you are going to learn are the poems of the Tang Dynasty, which are of great importance in the Chinese literature. Last but not least, in order to help you learn better, I am wondering if you can learn about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.
結(jié)尾段:
It is my sincere hope that you will make full preparations for it. If you have any question, do feel free to ask me.
英語寫作能力很一般的同學(xué),可以通過熟背以上英語寫作表達和靈活掌握開頭段,中間主體段和結(jié)尾段的寫作技巧來提升書信體作文寫作能力。英語作文的提升過程可以通過抄襲、模仿、創(chuàng)新三個步驟來實現(xiàn)。在缺少很扎實的英語寫作功底的背景下,掌握技巧和方法不失為提高英語卷面分?jǐn)?shù)的一條捷徑!
責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青