崔向倫 蔣梅青 楊維維 劉格格 孫淑琦 徐文華
[摘要]目的 探討環(huán)狀RNA NFIX(circNFIX)在H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡中的表達(dá)趨勢(shì)和功能。方法 將H9c2細(xì)胞應(yīng)用200 μmol/L的H2O2孵育0、1、3、6、12 h,應(yīng)用熒光定量PCR方法檢測(cè)H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡中circNFIX的表達(dá)趨勢(shì)。將H9c2細(xì)胞分為空白對(duì)照組(未轉(zhuǎn)染)、siRNA陰性對(duì)照組(轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA陰性對(duì)照組)和siRNA組(轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA),應(yīng)用熒光定量PCR方法檢測(cè)siRNA對(duì)circNFIX抑制效果。將H9c2細(xì)胞分為對(duì)照組(未轉(zhuǎn)染)、H2O2組(應(yīng)用200 μmol/L H2O2孵育12 h)、H2O2+NC組(先轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA陰性對(duì)照,余處理同H2O2組)和H2O2+siRNA組(先轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA,余處理同H2O2組),用TUNEL和Western blot方法檢測(cè)敲低circNFIX對(duì)H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡的影響。結(jié)果 circNFIX表達(dá)趨勢(shì)檢測(cè)顯示,隨著H2O2孵育時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),circNFIX的表達(dá)水平逐漸下降(F=23.677,P<0.01);轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA可顯著降低circNFIX的表達(dá)水平(F=424.70,t=24.44~25.97,P<0.01)。TUNEL和Western blot檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明,轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA使TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率和Bax/Bcl-2表達(dá)水平顯著降低(t=3.27~17.22,P<0.01)。結(jié)論 在H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡中circNFIX的表達(dá)水平減低,沉默circNFIX的表達(dá)抑制H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡。
[關(guān)鍵詞] RNA,環(huán)狀;過氧化氫;氧化性應(yīng)激;細(xì)胞凋亡;心肌梗死
[中圖分類號(hào)] R329.25 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 2096-5532(2020)04-0389-05
doi:10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2020.56.091
[網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版] http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/37.1517.R.20200519.1427.001.html;2020-05-20 08:53
EXPRESSION AND ROLE OF circNFIX IN H2O2-INDUCED H9C2 CELL APOPTOSIS
CUI Xianglun, JIANG Meiqing, YANG Weiwei, LIU Gege, SUN Shuqi, XU Wenhua
(Department of Inspection, The Medical Faculty of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)
[ABSTRACT]Objective To investigate the expression tendency and role of circular RNA NFIX (circNFIX) in H9c2 cell
apoptosis.Methods H9c2 cells were incubated with 200 μmol/L H2O2 for 0, 1, 3, 6, or 12 h. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to determine the expression tendency of circNFIX in H2O2-induced H9c2 cell apoptosis. H9c2 cells were divided into blank control group (without transfection), siRNA negative control group (siRNA-transfected negative control group, NC group), and siRNA group (siRNA-transfected group). qPCR assay was used to determine the inhibitory effect of siRNA on circNFIX. The H9c2 cells were divided into control group (without transfection), H2O2 group (incubated with 200 μmol/L H2O2 for 12 h), H2O2+NC group (first transfected with NC, followed by the same treatment as the H2O2 group), and H2O2+siRNA group (first transfected with siRNA, followed by the same treatment as the H2O2 group). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and Western blot were used to determine the effect of circNFIX knockdown on H9c2 cell apoptosis. Results The testing results of circNFIX expression tendency suggested that the expression level of circNFIX was gradually down-regulated with increasing H2O2 incubation time (F=23.677,P<0.01); the expression level of circNFIX was significantly reduced after siRNA transfection (F=424.70,t=24.44-25.97,P<0.01). The results of TUNEL and Western blot indicated that siRNA transfection significantly reduced the proportion of TUNEL-positive cells and Bax/Bcl-2 levels (t=3.27-17.22,P<0.01).Conclusion In H2O2-induced H9c2 cell apoptosis, circNFIX expression is gradually down-regulated, and silencing circNFIX expression inhibits H9c2 cell apoptosis.
[KEY WORDS] RNA, circular; hydrogen peroxide; oxidative stress; apoptosis; myocardial infarction
心肌梗死是一種缺血性心臟病,在全球有較高的發(fā)病率和死亡率[1-2]。隨著溶栓和經(jīng)皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療的應(yīng)用,心肌梗死病人的存活率顯著提高。然而,再灌注過程中超氧化物過載和鈣穩(wěn)態(tài)失調(diào)使線粒體膜通透性轉(zhuǎn)換孔開放,進(jìn)而引起心肌細(xì)胞凋亡[3]。凋亡的心肌細(xì)胞將被成纖維細(xì)胞代替,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致左心室的收縮功能障礙,最終發(fā)展為心力衰竭[4]。因此,亟需研究和明確心肌細(xì)胞凋亡的分子
機(jī)制。環(huán)狀RNA是一類閉合環(huán)狀的分子,具有保守性好、穩(wěn)定性高、組織特異性和疾病發(fā)展階段特異性等特征[5]。環(huán)狀RNA有多種生物學(xué)功能,參與神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病和腫瘤等疾病的發(fā)病過程[6-7]。最近研究結(jié)果顯示,環(huán)狀RNA在心血管疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展中發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要的作用[8],而其在心肌細(xì)胞凋亡中的作用尚不明確。本研究探討環(huán)狀RNA NFIX(circNFIX)在H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡中的變化趨勢(shì)和作用,為開發(fā)環(huán)狀RNA相關(guān)的診斷標(biāo)志物和治療靶標(biāo)提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
1 材料和方法
1.1 細(xì)胞與試劑
大鼠心肌細(xì)胞H9c2購(gòu)自中國(guó)科學(xué)院(上海)細(xì)胞庫(kù);DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基購(gòu)于美國(guó)GIBCO公司;胎牛血清購(gòu)于上海吉泰依科賽生物科技有限公司;青霉素/鏈霉素混合液購(gòu)于北京索萊寶科技有限公司;Trizol試劑、反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑和SYBR green購(gòu)于寶生物工程有限公司;Lipfectamine 3000購(gòu)于賽默飛世爾科技公司;熒光定量PCR引物購(gòu)于華大基因公司;siRNA和陰性對(duì)照(NC)購(gòu)于上海吉瑪制藥技術(shù)有限公司;TUNEL細(xì)胞凋亡檢測(cè)試劑盒購(gòu)于上海翊圣生物科技有限公司;RIPA裂解液(高強(qiáng)度)、PAGE凝膠快速制備試劑盒(125 g/L)、Omni-ECL超靈敏化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測(cè)試劑盒購(gòu)于上海雅酶生物科技有限公司;Bax、Bcl-2抗體購(gòu)于沈陽萬類生物科技有限公司;GAPDH抗體、羊抗兔二抗和羊抗鼠二抗購(gòu)于武漢愛博泰克生物科技有限公司。
1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
1.2.1 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng) 大鼠心肌細(xì)胞H9c2培養(yǎng)于含體積分?jǐn)?shù)0.05 CO2、37 ℃濕潤(rùn)的細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中,應(yīng)用含有體積分?jǐn)?shù)0.10胎牛血清和體積分?jǐn)?shù)0.01青霉素/鏈霉素混合液的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)。培養(yǎng)基每48 h更換1次,取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的細(xì)胞進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。
1.2.2 熒光定量PCR檢測(cè)環(huán)狀RNA和NFIX mRNA的表達(dá) 用Trizol法提取細(xì)胞總RNA,具體步驟參照Trizol試劑說明書。反轉(zhuǎn)錄按照反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑說明書進(jìn)行,反應(yīng)條件為:37 ℃、15 min,85 ℃、5 s,4 ℃結(jié)束。熒光定量PCR的反應(yīng)條件為:95 ℃預(yù)變性3 min,95 ℃變性5 s,60 ℃退火30 s,共40個(gè)循環(huán)。以GAPDH為內(nèi)參,用2-△△CT法計(jì)算circNFIX的表達(dá)水平。每個(gè)樣品設(shè)置3個(gè)復(fù)孔。引物序列見表1。1.2.3 候選環(huán)狀RNA表達(dá)檢測(cè) 選擇對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的H9c2細(xì)胞,分為對(duì)照組(無藥物處理)、H2O2組(200 μmol/L H2O2孵育12 h)。收集細(xì)胞后,用1.2.2的方法檢測(cè)候選環(huán)狀RNA的表達(dá)水平。
1.2.4 circNFIX表達(dá)趨勢(shì)檢測(cè) 取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的H9c2細(xì)胞,分為0 h組(無藥物處理)、1 h組(應(yīng)用200 μmol/L H2O2孵育1 h)、3 h組(200 μmol/L H2O2孵育3 h)、6 h組(200 μmol/L H2O2孵育6 h)、12 h組(應(yīng)用200 μmol/L H2O2孵育12 h)。各組處理相應(yīng)時(shí)間后收集細(xì)胞,用1.2.2的方法檢測(cè)circNFIX的表達(dá)水平。
1.2.5 siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染效果檢測(cè) 取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的H9c2細(xì)胞分為空白對(duì)照組(未轉(zhuǎn)染)、siRNA陰性對(duì)照組(轉(zhuǎn)染NC)、siRNA組(轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA)。轉(zhuǎn)染步驟按照Lipfectamine 3000說明書進(jìn)行,轉(zhuǎn)染24 h后收集各組細(xì)胞,用1.2.2的方法檢測(cè)circNFIX和NFIX mRNA的表達(dá)水平。siRNA序列見表1。
NC組(先轉(zhuǎn)染NC,其余處理同H2O2組)、H2O2+siRNA組(先轉(zhuǎn)染siRNA,其余處理同H2O2組)。轉(zhuǎn)染24 h后,除對(duì)照組外均加入H2O2(終濃度為200 μmol/L),繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)12 h。按照TUNEL檢測(cè)試劑盒說明書檢測(cè)各組TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率。
1.2.7 Western blot檢測(cè)Bax和Bcl-2蛋白的表達(dá)
實(shí)驗(yàn)分組及處理方法與1.2.6相同,培養(yǎng)結(jié)束以后加入RIPA裂解液提取總蛋白。各組樣品經(jīng)SDS-PAGE蛋白質(zhì)電泳后,將蛋白轉(zhuǎn)移到硝酸纖維素膜上,然后用50 g/L脫脂奶粉室溫封閉2 h。加入一抗(Bax,1∶500;Bcl-2,1∶500;GAPDH,1∶5 000)
4 ℃孵育過夜,然后加入二抗(羊抗鼠二抗1∶5 000;羊抗兔二抗1∶5 000)于室溫孵育1 h,最后用ECL檢測(cè)試劑盒顯影。以GAPDH為內(nèi)參,使用Image J軟件分析條帶的灰度值,結(jié)果以目的蛋白條帶灰度值/GAPDH條帶灰度值表示。
以上各指標(biāo)檢測(cè)均重復(fù)3次。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
使用SPSS 21.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析,計(jì)量資料結(jié)果以[AKx-D]±s表示,多組間比較采用單因素方差分析,組間兩兩比較采用LSD-t檢驗(yàn)。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié) 果
2.1 環(huán)狀RNA的篩選和circNFIX的表達(dá)趨勢(shì)
應(yīng)用熒光定量RCR檢測(cè)H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡前后候選環(huán)狀RNA的表達(dá)水平,結(jié)果顯示,circNFIX在H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡前后變化最顯著(t=17.535,P<0.01)。見表2。因此,選擇circNFIX做進(jìn)一步研究。對(duì)circNFIX表達(dá)趨勢(shì)的檢測(cè)顯示,0、1、3、6、12 h組circNFIX相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為1.00±0.01、0.92±0.06、0.84±0.04、0.79±0.05、0.62±0.02。隨著H2O2處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),circNFIX的表達(dá)量逐漸減少(F=23.677,P<0.01),其中12 h組較0 h組減少了48%(t=9.074,P<0.01)。表明在H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2心肌細(xì)胞凋亡中circNFIX的表達(dá)水平明顯下調(diào)。
2.2 沉默circNFIX表達(dá)對(duì)TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率的影響
本文siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染效果檢測(cè)顯示,空白對(duì)照組、siRNA陰性對(duì)照組、siRNA組circNFIX的表達(dá)量分別為1.00±0.03、0.96±0.02、0.34±0.03。與空白對(duì)照組和siRNA陰性對(duì)照組相比較,siRNA組中circNFIX的表達(dá)量下降了66%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=424.70,t=24.44~25.97,P<0.01);而siRNA陰性對(duì)照組與空白對(duì)照組間circNFIX表
達(dá)量差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.537,P>0.05)。此外,空白對(duì)照組(1.00±0.05)、siRNA陰性對(duì)照組(0.99±0.06)和siRNA組(0.93±0.05)間NFIX mRNA表達(dá)量比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=1.00,P>0.05)。結(jié)果表明,siRNA可以特異性地抑制circNFIX的表達(dá)。
TUNEL分析結(jié)果則表明,對(duì)照組、H2O2組、H2O2+NC組、H2O2+siRNA組TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率分別為1.89±0.83、10.23±0.72、9.50±0.37、5.09±0.37。與對(duì)照組相比,H2O2組TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率明顯增高(t=13.68,P<0.01),說明H2O2使H9c2細(xì)胞的凋亡水平顯著增高。H2O2+siRNA組的TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率較H2O2+NC組減少了38%,差異有顯著性(t=17.22,P<0.01);H2O2組與H2O2+NC組間的TUNEL陽性細(xì)胞率差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。表明沉默circNFIX可使H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡減少。見圖1。
2.3 沉默circNFIX對(duì)Bax和Bcl-2蛋白表達(dá)影響
Western blot結(jié)果顯示,與對(duì)照組(A組)比較,H2O2組(B組)Bax/Bcl-2明顯增高,說明H2O2使H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡水平顯著增加。H2O2+siRNA組(D組)的Bax/Bcl-2值與H2O2+NC組(C組)比較減少45%,差異有顯著性(t=3.27,P<0.05);H2O2組與H2O2+NC組間Bax/Bcl-2值差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。表明沉默circNFIX使H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡減少。見圖2和表3。
3 討 論
環(huán)狀RNA分布廣泛,調(diào)控機(jī)制多樣,可在轉(zhuǎn)錄水平和轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平發(fā)揮重要作用[9]。環(huán)狀RNA的調(diào)控機(jī)制主要有:①可作為miRNA海綿,進(jìn)而抑制miRNA的功能并上調(diào)其靶蛋白的表達(dá)水平[10];②可與RNA結(jié)合蛋白(RBP)相互作用,進(jìn)而改變蛋白的亞細(xì)胞定位或作為支架促進(jìn)蛋白間的相互作用[11];③編碼蛋白質(zhì),部分環(huán)狀RNA具有開放閱讀框(跨越剪接位點(diǎn))和轉(zhuǎn)錄起始元件(核糖體插入位點(diǎn)或m6A修飾位點(diǎn)),可編碼新型功能蛋白質(zhì)[12]。凋亡又稱程序性細(xì)胞死亡,是心肌梗死過程中心肌細(xì)胞死亡的主要形式之一[13]。氧氣供應(yīng)不足和氧化應(yīng)激水平增加均會(huì)引起心肌細(xì)胞凋亡[3],減少其凋亡水平有助于保護(hù)病人心功能和改善預(yù)后。已有研究結(jié)果顯示,環(huán)狀RNA調(diào)控多種心血管疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展[8],如自噬相關(guān)環(huán)狀RNA ACR通過靶向Pink1介導(dǎo)的FAM65B磷酸化來抑制自噬和心肌梗死[14];敲低[STBX]circSlc8a1可緩解壓力過載誘導(dǎo)心肌circAmotl1可結(jié)合PDK1和AKT,在多柔比星誘導(dǎo)的心肌病中起保護(hù)作用[16]。然而,環(huán)狀RNA在心肌細(xì)胞凋亡中的調(diào)控作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在篩選心肌細(xì)胞凋亡相關(guān)的環(huán)狀RNA并研究其作用,以進(jìn)一步明確心肌細(xì)胞凋亡的分子機(jī)制。
環(huán)狀RNA具有穩(wěn)定的環(huán)形結(jié)構(gòu)和較長(zhǎng)的半衰期[5],可在血漿和唾液等體液中被檢測(cè)到[17-18],并且在外泌體中表達(dá)豐富[19]。血漿中環(huán)狀RNA的表達(dá)量與原位組織中表達(dá)有相同的趨勢(shì),而且具有疾病發(fā)展階段特異性等特征[17]。因此,環(huán)狀RNA有潛力成為疾病的診斷標(biāo)志物。本研究按照以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩選環(huán)狀RNA:①在心臟中高表達(dá);②在大鼠和人之間高度保守;③在心肌細(xì)胞凋亡前后表達(dá)水平發(fā)生明顯變化。根據(jù)此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可篩選出高保守性的、心肌細(xì)胞凋亡相關(guān)的環(huán)狀RNA,并具有較好的臨床轉(zhuǎn)化潛質(zhì)。檢測(cè)血漿或外泌體中circNFIX的表達(dá)或可用于心肌梗死診斷和病情監(jiān)測(cè)。
在疾病過程中升高的環(huán)狀RNA可促進(jìn)疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展,而下調(diào)的環(huán)狀RNA可以發(fā)揮抑制或者保護(hù)的效應(yīng)。有研究結(jié)果顯示,在結(jié)腸癌組織中上調(diào)的circPPP1R12A可促進(jìn)結(jié)腸癌細(xì)胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲[20];在口腔鱗狀細(xì)胞癌組織和細(xì)胞中下調(diào)的circRNA_0000140可抑制口腔鱗狀細(xì)胞癌的生長(zhǎng)和轉(zhuǎn)移[21]。然而,部分環(huán)狀RNA因發(fā)生應(yīng)激性變化,其表達(dá)與功能呈負(fù)相關(guān)。研究顯示,在缺血的心肌組織和低氧的心肌細(xì)胞中上調(diào)的circTtc發(fā)揮心臟保護(hù)作用[22]。本文研究結(jié)果顯示,circNFIX在心肌細(xì)胞凋亡中有減少趨勢(shì),但其發(fā)揮促凋亡的作用,可能是受RBP、增強(qiáng)子等上游因子調(diào)控的結(jié)果。circNFIX的上游調(diào)控機(jī)制需要進(jìn)一步研究。
miRNA海綿和結(jié)合RBP是環(huán)狀RNA發(fā)揮作用的主要機(jī)制,探討circNFIX下游的miRNA或RBP有助于明確其作用機(jī)制。而通過starBase數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)預(yù)測(cè)可能與circNFIX結(jié)合的miRNA,發(fā)現(xiàn)miR-204和miR-145與心肌細(xì)胞凋亡相關(guān)[23-25]。其中,miR-204在缺血再灌注的心肌組織中顯著下降,可減少低氧/復(fù)氧誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡;而miR-145可抑制低氧或H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2、HL-1和新生小鼠心肌細(xì)胞的凋亡[24-25]。另外還有研究結(jié)果顯示,circNFIX可與凋亡相關(guān)的IDH2和hnRNPK結(jié)合[26]。在IDH2缺陷的小鼠中,超氧化物的產(chǎn)生和凋亡蛋白的表達(dá)增加,并伴隨著線粒體功能障礙[27]。沉默IDH2可抑制H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡[28]。在膀胱癌中,hnRNPK可抑制細(xì)胞凋亡和促進(jìn)細(xì)胞增殖[29]。circNFIX是否通過調(diào)控這些miRNA或RBP發(fā)揮作用有待進(jìn)一步研究。
綜上所述,在H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡中circNFIX表達(dá)呈下降趨勢(shì),沉默circNFIX可以抑制H2O2誘導(dǎo)的H9c2細(xì)胞凋亡。circNFIX有潛力成為心肌梗死的診斷標(biāo)志物和治療靶點(diǎn)。
[參考文獻(xiàn)]
[1]BENJAMIN E J, BLAHA M J, CHIUVE S E, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2017 update a report from the American heart association[J].? Circulation, 2017,135(10): E146-E603.
[2]TOWNSEND N, WILSON L, BHATNAGAR P, et al. Car-diovascular disease in Europe: epidemiological update 2016[J].European Heart Journal, 2016,37(42):3232-3245.
[3]PEOPLES J N, SARAF A, GHAZAL N, et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in heart disease[J].? Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2019,51(12):1-13.
[4]LI M Y, DING W, TARIQ M A, et al. A circular transcript of NCX1 gene mediates ischemic myocardial injury by targeting miR-133a-3p[J].? Theranostics, 2018,8(21):5855-5869.
[5]HAN Bing, CHAO Jie, YAO Honghong. Circular RNA and its mechanisms in disease: from the bench to the clinic[J].? Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2018,187:31-44.
[6]SURESH L M, DEMPSEY R J, VEMUGANTI R. Role of circular RNAs in brain development and CNS diseases[J].? Progress in Neurobiology, 2020,186:101746.
[7]LIU Jianhong, LI Dongpei, LUO Hui, et al. Circular RNAs: the star molecules in cancer[J].? Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 2019,70:141-152.
[8]AUFIERO S, RECKMAN Y J, PINTO Y M, et al. Circular RNAs open a new chapter in cardiovascular biology[J].? Nature Reviews Cardiology, 2019,16(8):503-514.
[9]CUI Xianglun, WANG Jianxun, GUO Zongjun, et al. Emerging function and potential diagnostic value of circular RNAs in cancer[J].? Molecular Cancer, 2018,17(1):123.
[10]QIANG Su, LV Xiangwei. Revealing new landscape of cardiovascular disease through circular RNA-miRNA-mRNA axis[J].? Genomics, 2020,112(2):1680-1685.
[11]ZANG Jiankun, LU Dan, XU Anding. The interaction of circRNAs and RNA binding proteins: an important part of circRNA maintenance and function[J].? Journal of Neuroscience Research, 2020,98(1):87-97.
[12]PAN Wu, MO Yongzhen, MIAO Peng, et al. Emerging role of tumor-related functional peptides encoded by lncRNA and circRNA[J].? Molecular Cancer, 2020,19(1):22.
[13]BURGOS J I, MORELL M, MARIANGELO J E, et al. Hyperosmotic stress promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent apoptosis in adult rat cardiac myocytes[J].? Apopto-
sis: an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death, 2019,24(9/10):785-797.
[14]ZHOU Luyu, MEI Zhai, YAN Huang, et al. The circular RNA ACR attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing autophagy via modulation of the Pink1/ FAM65B pathway[J].? Cell Death and Differentiation, 2019,26(7):1299-1315.
[15]LIM T B, ALIWARGA E, LUU T D A, et al. Targeting the highly abundant circular RNA circSlc8a1 in cardiomyocytes attenuates pressure overload induced hypertrophy [J].? Cardiovascular Research, 2019,115(14):1998-2007.
[16]YAN Z, WILLIAM W D, WU Y Y, et al. A circular RNA binds to and activates AKT phosphorylation and nuclear localization reducing apoptosis and enhancing cardiac repair[J].? Theranostics, 2017,7(16):3842-3855.
[17]VEA A, LLORENTE-CORTES V, DE GONZALO-CALVO D. Circular RNAs in Blood[J].? Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2018,1087:119-130.
[18]GHODS F J. Circular RNA in saliva[J].? Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2018,1087:131-139.
[19]WANG Yangxia, LIU Jinbo, MA Junfen, et al. Exosomal circRNAs: biogenesis, effect and application in human diseases[J].? Molecular Cancer, 2019,18(1):116.
[20]XIAO Zheng, CHEN Lujun, YOU Zhou, et al. A novel protein encoded by a circular RNA circPPP1R12A promotes tumor pathogenesis and metastasis of colon cancer via Hippo-YAP signaling[J].? Molecular Cancer, 2019,18(1):47.
[21]PENG Qiushi, CHENG Yanan, ZHANG Wenbai, et al. circRNA-0000140 suppresses oral squamous cell carcinoma growth and metastasis by targeting miR-31 to inhibit hippo signaling pathway[J].? Cell Death & Disease, 2020,11(2):112.
[22]CAI Lidong, QI Baozhen, WU Xiaoyu, et al. Circular RNA Ttc3 regulates cardiac function after myocardial infarction by sponging miR-15b[J].? Journal of Molecular and Cellular Car-
diology, 2019,130:10-22.
[23]QIU Ruixia, LI Wen, LIU Yunhai. MicroRNA-204 protects H9C2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury through regulating SIRT1-mediated autophagy[J].? Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2018,100:15-19.
[24]SUN Nianzi, MENG Fanyan, NING Xue, et al. Inducible miR-145 expression by HIF-1α protects cardiomyocytes against apoptosis via regulating SGK1 in simulated myocardial infarction hypoxic microenvironment[J].? Cardiology Journal, 2013,25(2):268-278.
[25]YUAN Ming, ZHANG Liwei, YOU Fei, et al. MiR-145-5p regulates hypoxia-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by targeting CD40[J].? Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2017,431(1/2):123-131.
[26]HUANG Senlin, LI Xinzhong, ZHENG Hao, et al. Loss of super-enhancer-regulated circRNA Nfix induces cardiac rege-
neration after myocardial infarction in adult mice[J].? Circulation, 2019,139(25):2857-2876.
[27]KU H J, AHN Y, LEE J H, et al. IDH2 deficiency promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy in mice[J].? Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2015,80:84-92.
[28]KU H J, PARK J W. Downregulation of IDH2 exacerbates H2O2-mediated cell death and hypertrophy[J].? Redox Report, 2017,22(1):35-41.
[29]CHEN Xu, GU Peng, XIE Ruihui, et al. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K is associated with poor prognosis and regulates proliferation and apoptosis in bladder cancer[J].? Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 2017,21(7):1266-1279.
(本文編輯 黃建鄉(xiāng))
[收稿日期]2019-12-24; [修訂日期]2020-03-31
[基金項(xiàng)目]國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(81770900),山東省科技發(fā)展基金項(xiàng)目(2014GHY115025)
[第一作者]崔向倫(1995-),男,碩士研究生。
[通信作者]徐文華(1971-),女,博士,教授,碩士生導(dǎo)師。E-mail:qd.wh@163.com。