孟長(zhǎng)君 孟國(guó)瑋
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補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸治療腦卒中后失眠20例
孟長(zhǎng)君1孟國(guó)瑋2
目的觀察補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸治療腦卒中后失眠的療效。方法將40例腦卒中后失眠患者隨機(jī)分為治療組和對(duì)照組,每組各20例。治療組予以補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸水煎口服;對(duì)照組予以阿普唑侖片0.8mg每晚睡前口服。兩組療程均為2周,治療后予以療效評(píng)定,并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析比較。結(jié)果治療組:治愈11 例,顯效6 例,有效3 例,無效0 例; 對(duì)照組:治愈5 例,顯效3 例,有效9 例,無效3 例。兩組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸治療腦卒中后失眠效果更佳。
補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯;安神定志丸;腦卒中后失眠
失眠是以入睡和(或)睡眠維持困難所致的睡眠質(zhì)量或數(shù)量達(dá)不到正常生理需求而影響白天社會(huì)功能的一種主觀體驗(yàn),是最常見的睡眠障礙性疾患。失眠癥可造成注意力不集中、記憶力減退、判斷力和日常工作能力下降,嚴(yán)重者合并焦慮、強(qiáng)迫和抑郁等癥[1]。而腦卒中患者受失眠困擾者尤為多見,不僅影響患者情緒、精神面貌,更不利于日間康復(fù)訓(xùn)練的效果。筆者以補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸治療腦卒中后失眠,效果理想,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1.1一般資料40例觀察病例均為2014年7月—2015年3月在我院神經(jīng)康復(fù)科住院的腦卒中患者,病程在2周~6月內(nèi),無意識(shí)障礙,生命體征平穩(wěn),失眠持續(xù)時(shí)間超過一周。隨機(jī)分為治療組和對(duì)照組,每組各20例。兩組患者在年齡、性別、腦卒中病程方面差異均無顯著性(P>0.05),具有可比性。治療組年齡(61.05±11.45)歲,腦卒中病程(69.95±43.28)天,男13例,女7例;對(duì)照組年齡(61.45±9.61)歲,腦卒中病程(68.05±41.44)天,男14例,女6例。
1.2診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)符合失眠癥診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[3],診斷要點(diǎn):①患者以不能獲得正常睡眠為主訴。②表現(xiàn)為不易入睡,徹夜不眠或時(shí)睡時(shí)醒,睡后易醒,醒后不能再眠。③伴隨有頭暈、頭痛、困倦、乏力、健忘、心悸、煩躁易怒、口苦、咽干、憂郁、嘆氣等癥狀。
1.3納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)腦卒中診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照1995年全國(guó)第4屆腦血管病學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議通過的腦卒中診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[2]。有意識(shí)障礙、癡呆、嚴(yán)重失語、癲癇、嚴(yán)重心律失常、心肌梗死、精神障礙者、治療前3個(gè)月內(nèi)或治療期間服用其他可能影響睡眠藥物者除外,并簽定知情同意書。
1.4方法兩組患者入院后,均進(jìn)行常規(guī)腦血管病二級(jí)預(yù)防,包括抗血小板聚集、調(diào)整血壓、血脂、血糖等治療。治療組予以補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸:黃芪30 g,黨參(替代人參)15 g,當(dāng)歸尾15 g,川芎15 g,赤芍15 g,桃仁15 g,紅花10 g,地龍10 g,茯苓15 g,茯神15 g,遠(yuǎn)志15 g,石菖蒲20 g,龍齒(先煎)20 g。日1劑,水煎,分2次口服,療程2周。對(duì)照組予以阿普唑侖片0.8mg,每晚睡前口服。
1.5療效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按《精神疾病治療結(jié)果標(biāo)準(zhǔn)修正草案》中失眠的療效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[ 4 ]。痊愈:治療后睡眠時(shí)間恢復(fù)正?;蛩邥r(shí)間在6h以上,睡眠深,醒后精力充沛;顯效:睡眠明顯好轉(zhuǎn),睡眠時(shí)間在3h以上;有效:睡眠時(shí)間較治療前增加,但不仍足3h;無效:治療后失眠無改善。
1.6統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法應(yīng)用SPSS20.0 軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料采用t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。
治療組:治愈11 例,顯效6 例,有效3 例,無效0 例; 對(duì)照組:治愈5 例,顯效3 例,有效9 例,無效3 例。兩組間比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
表1
注:χ2=9.250,P=0.026
失眠在中風(fēng)病患者中較為常見和多發(fā)。由于患者夜間睡眠時(shí)間、深度不足,不能消除疲勞、恢復(fù)體力及精力,故致日間神疲乏力,頭暈頭痛,心悸煩躁,嚴(yán)重影響神經(jīng)功能的恢復(fù)。故對(duì)其積極有效的治療尤顯重要。失眠屬中醫(yī)“不寐”“不眠”“不得臥”“目不暝”等范疇,病機(jī)是氣血及臟腑功能失調(diào),陰虛于內(nèi),陽(yáng)浮于外,陰陽(yáng)失調(diào),而致心神失養(yǎng)或心神不安。中風(fēng)病是因臟腑功能失調(diào),或氣血素虛,加之勞倦內(nèi)傷、情志過極、飲酒飽食、用力過度、氣候變化而致瘀血阻滯、痰阻脈絡(luò),或陽(yáng)化風(fēng)動(dòng)、血隨氣逆,導(dǎo)致腦脈痹阻或血溢于腦脈之外而發(fā)病。氣虛瘀血是其發(fā)病的關(guān)鍵。正如《難經(jīng)·四十六難》云:“老人血?dú)馑ィ∪獠换?,榮衛(wèi)之道澀,故晝?nèi)詹荒芫?,夜不能寐也”。王清任《醫(yī)林改錯(cuò)》有“不寐一證乃氣血凝滯”之記載。中風(fēng)后, 氣虛血瘀,瘀血不去,新血不生,氣血不能上奉,心神失其濡養(yǎng),故見失眠。正如寧洪端等[5]所云“瘀血阻滯,氣血運(yùn)行不暢,夜臥則血不歸肝,肝不藏血,血不養(yǎng)心。神無所依,乃不寐也”。故予以補(bǔ)氣、活血祛瘀,寧心安神。方中黃芪、黨參、茯苓大補(bǔ)脾胃之元?dú)?,使氣旺以促血行,祛瘀而不傷正;?dāng)歸尾、川芎、赤芍、桃仁、紅花、活血祛瘀;地龍通經(jīng)活絡(luò);茯神健脾安神;遠(yuǎn)志寧心安神;石菖蒲開竅寧神;龍齒鎮(zhèn)驚安神。對(duì)照組中使用的阿普唑侖片是目前治療失眠癥常用的苯二氮卓類藥物,有催眠的作用,但亦有耐藥、成癮、中樞性呼吸抑制作用及嗜睡、頭昏、乏力、口干、精神不集中、多汗、心悸、便秘、腹瀉、視物模糊、低血壓等不良反應(yīng)。筆者運(yùn)用補(bǔ)陽(yáng)還五湯合安神定志丸治療腦卒中后失眠的療效滿意,而且未發(fā)生明顯不良反應(yīng)。
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Therapeutic Effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction and Anshen Dingzhi Pill in the Treatment of Post-stroke Insomnia 20 cases
MENG Changjun1MENG Guowei2
(1.Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Heilongjiang Province Rehabilitation Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150070, China;2.Department of Cardiology, Harbin City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150076, China)
ObjectiveTo observe clinical effect of therapeutic effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction and Anshen Dingzhi pill in the treatment of post-stroke insomnia. Methods40 cases of patients with post-stroke insomnia were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 20 patients in each group. Patients in the treatment group took Buyang Huanwu decoction and Anshen Dingzhi pill. Patients in the control group took Alprazolam tablets 0.8mg every night before sleeping. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical therapeutic effects were assessed and compared by statistical analysis. ResultsIn the treatment group, 11 patients were healed, 6 patients were greatly improved, 3 patients were slightly improved, and 0 patients were invalid. In the control group, 5 patients were healed, 3 patients were greatly improved, 9 patients were slightly improved, and 3 patients were invalid. The difference had a statistically significant (P<0.05). ConclusionBuyang Huanwu decoction and Anshen Dingzhi pill in the treatment of post-stroke insomnia got better effects.
Buyang Huanwu decoction; Anshen Dingzhi pill; Post-stroke insomnia
1.黑龍江省康復(fù)醫(yī)院神經(jīng)康復(fù)科(哈爾濱 150070);2.黑龍江省哈爾濱市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科(哈爾濱 150076)
10.3969/j.issn.1003-8914.2016.14.026
1003-8914(2016)-14-2046-02
(本文校對(duì):劉景隆2015-11-10)