倪 琴 米 鑫 張鳳格 郝 婷 魏莉從 朱 丹 呂俊生 羅功唐
(北京市順義區(qū)婦幼保健院婦科 北京兒童醫(yī)院順義婦兒醫(yī)院婦科,北京 101300)
·臨床研究·
晚期卵巢癌腹腔鏡腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)的安全性和有效性分析
倪 琴 米 鑫*張鳳格 郝 婷 魏莉從 朱 丹 呂俊生①羅功唐②
(北京市順義區(qū)婦幼保健院婦科 北京兒童醫(yī)院順義婦兒醫(yī)院婦科,北京 101300)
目的探討腹腔鏡下晚期卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)的安全性和有效性。方法我院2013年1月~2016年12月手術(shù)治療晚期卵巢癌50例,其中22例行腹腔鏡腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)(腹腔鏡組),28例行開(kāi)腹腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)(開(kāi)腹組),比較2組手術(shù)時(shí)間、術(shù)中出血量、淋巴結(jié)切除數(shù)目、切凈率、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率和復(fù)發(fā)等情況。結(jié)果與開(kāi)腹組比較,腹腔鏡組術(shù)中出血量明顯減少[(181.8±74.9)ml vs.(393.9±280.6)ml,t=-3.443,P=0.001],術(shù)后肛門排氣時(shí)間[(1.6±0.7)d vs.(3.2±0.9)d,t=-6.861,P=0.000]和術(shù)后住院時(shí)間[(11.0±3.6)d vs.(16.1±5.9)d,t=-3.562,P=0.000]均明顯縮短。2組手術(shù)時(shí)間、淋巴結(jié)切除數(shù)目、切凈率、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。腹腔鏡組1例術(shù)中髂外靜脈損傷,1例乙狀結(jié)腸損傷,均在鏡下完成縫合。開(kāi)腹組1例術(shù)中髂總靜脈損傷,成功修補(bǔ),1例術(shù)后下肢靜脈血栓,抗凝治療好轉(zhuǎn)。50例隨訪4~52個(gè)月,中位隨訪時(shí)間23.5 月,2組復(fù)發(fā)率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論腹腔鏡下晚期卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)安全、可行,近期療效滿意,但要求病例選擇得當(dāng),而且術(shù)者及團(tuán)隊(duì)需具備熟練的操作技術(shù)及處理手術(shù)并發(fā)癥的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
腹腔鏡手術(shù); 晚期卵巢癌; 腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)
卵巢癌是婦科病死率居首位的惡性腫瘤,由于缺乏有效的早期篩查方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)多數(shù)已是晚期[1]。2014年美國(guó)大約有14 270例死于卵巢癌[2]。晚期卵巢癌患者的5年生存率甚至不到30%[3]。目前,卵巢癌的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)治療方案是以手術(shù)為主,輔以術(shù)后以鉑類為基礎(chǔ)的聯(lián)合化療,滿意的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)是影響晚期卵巢癌患者預(yù)后的重要因素。1973年Bagley等[4]開(kāi)創(chuàng)了腹腔鏡技術(shù)診斷與評(píng)估卵巢癌的先河。近年來(lái),隨著腹腔鏡技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,2014年《美國(guó)國(guó)立綜合癌癥網(wǎng)絡(luò)(NCCN)卵巢癌指南》已經(jīng)明確提出,允許對(duì)經(jīng)嚴(yán)格挑選的早期卵巢癌患者實(shí)施腹腔鏡等微創(chuàng)手術(shù)以達(dá)到全面分期的目的[5]。腹腔鏡下晚期卵巢癌的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)因手術(shù)難度大,一直處于探索階段,只有具有高超手術(shù)技能,且能熟練處理術(shù)中出血及臟器損傷的婦瘤科醫(yī)師及團(tuán)隊(duì)才能將腹腔鏡手術(shù)應(yīng)用于經(jīng)嚴(yán)格挑選的晚期卵巢癌患者。2013年1月~2016年12月,我科采用腹腔鏡腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)治療22例Ⅲa~Ⅳa期晚期卵巢癌,并與同期28例開(kāi)腹手術(shù)進(jìn)行比較,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
58例術(shù)前均診斷為卵巢惡性腫瘤,均向患者及家屬交待腹腔鏡和開(kāi)腹卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)及手術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、手術(shù)費(fèi)用、腹腔鏡特有并發(fā)癥及腹腔鏡探查后可能中轉(zhuǎn)開(kāi)腹手術(shù)。27例選擇腹腔鏡探查,31例選擇開(kāi)腹探查術(shù)。病例選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①原發(fā)腫瘤病灶直徑≤12 cm;②術(shù)中及術(shù)后手術(shù)病理分期≤Ⅳa期;③腫瘤病灶與周圍組織(神經(jīng)、血管等)或膀胱、腸、胃、肝、脾等重要臟器無(wú)廣泛或致密粘連,無(wú)須通過(guò)部分或全部切除受累臟器清除病灶;④合并大量胸腹水的患者,胸水或腹水細(xì)胞學(xué)陽(yáng)性先進(jìn)行新輔助化療2~3個(gè)療程。8例因腫瘤病灶與周圍組織粘連嚴(yán)重、大網(wǎng)膜餅、需要切除部分腸管、腹腔鏡探查后中轉(zhuǎn)開(kāi)腹等因素未納入本研究,22例行腹腔鏡下卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)(腹腔鏡組),28例行開(kāi)腹卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)(開(kāi)腹組)。50例手術(shù)均由同一術(shù)者完成。2組一般資料比較除BMI、腫瘤直徑外差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見(jiàn)表1。
表1 2組一般資料比較
*合并癥:腹腔鏡組原發(fā)性高血壓2例,糖尿病1例;開(kāi)腹組原發(fā)性高血壓4例,糖尿病2例
**腹部手術(shù)史:腹腔鏡組附件手術(shù)3例,闌尾手術(shù)1例,絕育術(shù)1例;開(kāi)腹組附件手術(shù)4例,子宮手術(shù)1例,闌尾手術(shù)2例,膽囊切除1例
1.2.1 腹腔鏡組 ①全麻成功后取截石位,放置舉宮器,在臍孔處做10 mm切口,10 mm trocar穿刺置入腹腔鏡,注入CO2氣體建立氣腹,腹內(nèi)壓12~15 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)。左下腹置入第2、3個(gè)5 mm trocar,右下腹置入第4個(gè)5 mm trocar。常規(guī)探查盆腔及腹腔內(nèi)肝、膽、脾、胃、腸、橫膈等臟器表面,取腹水或腹腔沖洗液200 ml進(jìn)行細(xì)胞學(xué)檢查,經(jīng)活組織檢查確診為卵巢癌,F(xiàn)agotti評(píng)分<8分[6](Fagotti評(píng)分:腹腔鏡下探查,腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移至大網(wǎng)膜、腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移至腹膜、腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移至橫膈、腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移至腸系膜、胃腸道受侵、肝臟轉(zhuǎn)移等方面,根據(jù)浸潤(rùn)程度,每個(gè)部位的腫瘤蔓延均被賦予0~2分,當(dāng)Fagotti評(píng)分≥8分無(wú)法達(dá)到滿意的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)),評(píng)估可在腹腔鏡下完成腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)。②大網(wǎng)膜切除:患者平臥位或頭高腳低位,超聲刀完整切除大網(wǎng)膜,保留胃的血管弓。③盆腔及腹主動(dòng)脈旁淋巴結(jié)切除:患者改頭低腳高位,自上而下系統(tǒng)清掃腹主動(dòng)脈前方、左側(cè)(達(dá)腸系膜下動(dòng)脈至腎靜脈之間),下腔靜脈前方、右側(cè)的淋巴結(jié),髂總動(dòng)脈旁、髂外、腹股溝深、髂內(nèi)、閉孔等各組淋巴結(jié)。④全子宮、雙附件及盆腔腫物切除,雙側(cè)卵巢動(dòng)靜脈高位結(jié)扎。⑤盆壁腹膜、結(jié)腸側(cè)溝、腸系膜、橫膈表面及肝臟表面轉(zhuǎn)移灶切除。⑥闌尾切除。⑦所有標(biāo)本均分部位放入標(biāo)本袋中經(jīng)陰道取出。⑧溫生理鹽水沖洗盆腹腔,可吸收線連續(xù)縫合陰道殘端。⑨蒸餾水沖洗各穿刺孔。
1.2.2 開(kāi)腹組 取腹部正中左側(cè)繞臍切口,長(zhǎng)15~20 cm,手術(shù)范圍同腹腔鏡手術(shù)。
2組患者術(shù)后均常規(guī)抗炎、對(duì)癥支持、預(yù)防下肢深靜脈血栓治療。術(shù)后飲食恢復(fù)后盡快行紫杉醇+卡鉑3周方案化療。所有患者均完成術(shù)后化療。
手術(shù)時(shí)間(切皮到手術(shù)完成所用時(shí)間)、術(shù)中出血量[腹腔鏡組出血量=吸引瓶?jī)?nèi)的液體量-沖洗液量;開(kāi)腹組出血量=吸引瓶?jī)?nèi)的出血量+紗布吸血量(每塊紗布吸血量計(jì)為50 ml)]、淋巴結(jié)切除數(shù)目、切凈率、滿意腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅(殘余病灶<1 cm)[7]率、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間(患者體溫及血象正常、胃腸功能恢復(fù)正常,化療1個(gè)療程后出院)、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率、復(fù)發(fā)(生化復(fù)發(fā):僅CA125水平升高但沒(méi)有腫瘤癥狀、體征[8])等情況。
腹腔鏡組術(shù)中出血量明顯少于開(kāi)腹組(P<0.05),術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間、術(shù)后住院時(shí)間均明顯短于開(kāi)腹組(P<0.05)。2組手術(shù)時(shí)間、淋巴結(jié)切除數(shù)目、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。50例滿意腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅率達(dá)100%,2組肉眼切凈率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見(jiàn)表2。腹腔鏡組1例術(shù)中髂外靜脈損傷,1例乙狀結(jié)腸損傷,均在鏡下完成修補(bǔ)。開(kāi)腹組1例術(shù)中髂總靜脈損傷,成功修補(bǔ);1例術(shù)后下肢靜脈血栓,抗凝治療好轉(zhuǎn)。
50例隨訪4~52個(gè)月,中位隨訪時(shí)間23.5月,其中14例隨訪>36個(gè)月。隨訪期間,腹腔鏡組均未發(fā)生穿刺孔轉(zhuǎn)移;1例術(shù)后24個(gè)月生化復(fù)發(fā),CA125升高至275 U/ml,再次紫杉醇+卡鉑3周方案化療3個(gè)療程, CA125降至正常(CA125正常值≤35 U/ml)。開(kāi)腹組1例術(shù)后18個(gè)月生化復(fù)發(fā),CA125升高至320 U/ml,影像學(xué)未見(jiàn)腫瘤,再次紫杉醇+卡鉑3周方案化療4個(gè)療程,CA125降至正常;1例術(shù)后20個(gè)月發(fā)現(xiàn)右側(cè)髂血管周圍及腸系膜多發(fā)粟粒樣復(fù)發(fā),腹腔鏡下行腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)并化療,現(xiàn)無(wú)瘤存活21個(gè)月。其余病例均無(wú)瘤生存,繼續(xù)隨訪。2組復(fù)發(fā)率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見(jiàn)表2。
表2 2組術(shù)中、術(shù)后情況比較
對(duì)于早期的婦科惡性腫瘤,在有條件的婦瘤科,腹腔鏡手術(shù)已逐漸取代傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)腹手術(shù)[9]。腹腔鏡手術(shù)是否適用于晚期卵巢癌患者一直存在較大爭(zhēng)議,腹腔鏡下晚期卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)難度高、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大。近年來(lái),婦科腫瘤專家對(duì)腹腔鏡下晚期卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)進(jìn)行大膽嘗試,并取得較大進(jìn)展[10]。我們認(rèn)為要在腹腔鏡下完成滿意的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)應(yīng)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的術(shù)前評(píng)估,謹(jǐn)慎選擇病例:患者無(wú)嚴(yán)重內(nèi)外科合并癥;無(wú)腹腔鏡手術(shù)禁忌證;腫瘤直徑≤12 cm;Fagotti評(píng)分<8分[6];腫瘤病灶與周圍組織(神經(jīng)、血管等)或膀胱、腸、胃、肝、脾等重要臟器無(wú)廣泛或致密粘連,無(wú)須通過(guò)部分或全部切除受累臟器清除病灶;對(duì)于合并大量胸腹水的患者先進(jìn)行新輔助化療2~3個(gè)療程,才有可能在腹腔鏡下完成手術(shù)。本研究中,22例晚期卵巢癌均在腹腔鏡下完成,與我們嚴(yán)格掌握手術(shù)適應(yīng)證有關(guān)。Corrado等[11]報(bào)道晚期卵巢癌腹腔鏡下腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù),腫瘤最大直徑≤15 cm,認(rèn)為腫瘤大小不會(huì)使分期升高,不影響患者預(yù)后,本研究開(kāi)腹組腫瘤直徑明顯大于腹腔鏡組(t=-2.277,P=0.027),但2組分期和組織學(xué)分類無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,不影響我們對(duì)結(jié)果的分析。2組BMI雖有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(t=-2.041,P=0.047),但均未達(dá)到肥胖診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(BMI>25.0),對(duì)術(shù)中手術(shù)視野的暴露及手術(shù)操作均無(wú)明顯影響,故認(rèn)為2組具有可比性。
腹腔鏡下卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)近期療效滿意[12,13]。Heitz等[14]認(rèn)為經(jīng)嚴(yán)格選擇的晚期卵巢癌患者,腹腔鏡手術(shù)與開(kāi)腹手術(shù)的手術(shù)時(shí)間和并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。本研究腹腔鏡組手術(shù)時(shí)間略長(zhǎng)于開(kāi)腹組,但差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,隨著手術(shù)例數(shù)的增加和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累,手術(shù)時(shí)間逐漸縮短,尤其是切除大網(wǎng)膜和腹主動(dòng)脈旁淋巴結(jié)時(shí)間明顯減少。手術(shù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短與手術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)的默契配合和良好的手術(shù)設(shè)備密切相關(guān)。本研究顯示腹腔鏡組術(shù)中出血量較開(kāi)腹組明顯減少(t=-3.443,P=0.001),我們認(rèn)為與腹腔鏡的放大作用使視野更清晰,解剖層次更清楚,更有利于術(shù)者辨別深部及異常血管并使用能量器械及時(shí)凝閉血管減少出血有關(guān)。2組肉眼切凈率差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),但腹腔鏡更有利于發(fā)現(xiàn)橫膈或肝臟表面的微小病灶,對(duì)于開(kāi)腹無(wú)法完全切除的橫膈、肝臟表面粟粒狀病灶,也可進(jìn)行病灶切除或消融。由于腹腔鏡手術(shù)對(duì)腹腔臟器干擾較小,術(shù)后胃腸功能恢復(fù)更快,腹腔鏡組術(shù)后肛門排氣時(shí)間、術(shù)后住院時(shí)間均較開(kāi)腹組明顯縮短(P<0.05)。2組術(shù)中、術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.000,P=0.000),腹腔鏡組1例術(shù)中髂外靜脈損傷,1例乙狀結(jié)腸損傷,均在鏡下完成縫合;開(kāi)腹組1例術(shù)中髂總靜脈損傷,成功修補(bǔ),1例術(shù)后下肢靜脈血栓,抗凝治療好轉(zhuǎn)。復(fù)發(fā)率和死亡率是評(píng)估手術(shù)有效性和安全性的重要指標(biāo)。Nezhat等[15]認(rèn)為腹腔鏡腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)后腫瘤復(fù)發(fā)相對(duì)延遲。本研究3例復(fù)發(fā)(腹腔鏡組1例術(shù)后24個(gè)月復(fù)發(fā),開(kāi)腹組2例分別于術(shù)后18、20個(gè)月復(fù)發(fā)),無(wú)一例死亡。本研究復(fù)發(fā)較少,可能與術(shù)中腹腔鏡下微小病灶切除更徹底及能量器械的熱輻射對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞的抑制作用有關(guān),尚需要大宗病例來(lái)觀察腹腔鏡手術(shù)的遠(yuǎn)期療效。
滿意的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)是影響晚期卵巢癌患者預(yù)后的重要因素[16]。滿意的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)是指盡最大努力切除盆腹腔的腫瘤,使殘余瘤<1 cm。腹腔鏡下卵巢癌手術(shù)要求術(shù)者有豐富的腹腔鏡手術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、熟練的操作技術(shù)及處理手術(shù)并發(fā)癥的能力。腹腔鏡手術(shù)必須嚴(yán)格遵循腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)的手術(shù)原則,不能因?yàn)楦骨荤R下操作困難而縮減手術(shù)步驟及范圍,達(dá)不到手術(shù)治療的目的[17]。手術(shù)難點(diǎn)及處理包括:①盆腔腫瘤的切除。晚期卵巢癌常常侵犯盆腔腹膜、直腸前壁及膀胱,且合并廣泛而致密的盆腔粘連,操作不當(dāng)可能瘤體播散及大量出血。手術(shù)操作時(shí)應(yīng)充分利用腹膜外疏松間隙,超聲刀從無(wú)腫瘤或少腫瘤的盆側(cè)壁腹膜處著手,切開(kāi)腹膜進(jìn)入腹膜外間隙,將盆腔腹膜連同腹膜瘤灶一起整塊切除。膀胱區(qū)腹膜病灶采用卷地毯式整塊切除;處理直腸前壁病灶時(shí),可經(jīng)肛門以小頭卵圓鉗夾持紗布一塊自肛門入直腸作為標(biāo)識(shí),從直腸外側(cè)緣與骶韌帶內(nèi)側(cè)之間疏松間隙分離直腸前壁和后陷凹腫瘤,予以切除,并注意保護(hù)好膀胱、輸尿管和直腸。②大網(wǎng)膜的切除。由于操作空間有限,腹腔鏡下大網(wǎng)膜切除比較困難。切除時(shí)術(shù)者站于患者兩腿之間,面向患者頭側(cè)操作,患者取平臥位或頭高腳低位,使大網(wǎng)膜下移,沿著胃大彎及橫結(jié)腸切除大網(wǎng)膜,兩側(cè)分別達(dá)肝區(qū)和脾區(qū),遇大的血管用雙極電凝止血。切除脾區(qū)大網(wǎng)膜時(shí)注意不要過(guò)度牽拉導(dǎo)致脾臟破裂。③肝臟表面及膈肌表面腫瘤的處理。腹腔鏡可以直接觀察病灶,更有利于發(fā)現(xiàn)橫膈或肝臟表面的微小病灶。對(duì)于無(wú)法完全切除的橫膈、肝臟表面粟粒狀病灶,可采用雙極進(jìn)行病灶切除或消融。④腹主動(dòng)脈旁淋巴結(jié)清掃。腹腔鏡下頭低腳高位有利于顯露腹主動(dòng)脈旁淋巴結(jié),先切除腹主動(dòng)脈右側(cè)及下腔靜脈周圍淋巴結(jié),在下腔靜脈表面分離時(shí),因靜脈壁薄,鈍性分離容易撕裂分支血管的匯入端或腔靜脈,引發(fā)破裂。再處理腹主動(dòng)脈左側(cè)淋巴結(jié),從腹主動(dòng)脈左側(cè)與淋巴組織的間隙游離腸系膜下動(dòng)脈,在左側(cè)輸尿管內(nèi)側(cè)打開(kāi)間隙,將淋巴結(jié)整塊切除。⑤無(wú)瘤操作原則。無(wú)論腫瘤大小均應(yīng)置入標(biāo)本袋自陰道取出。手術(shù)結(jié)束時(shí),蒸餾水反復(fù)沖洗盆腹腔和腹壁穿刺孔。
綜上所述,腹腔鏡下晚期卵巢癌腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)的近期療效滿意,在技術(shù)上是可行和有效的,但需嚴(yán)格遵循病例選擇原則,腹腔鏡下不能安全的達(dá)到滿意的腫瘤細(xì)胞減滅術(shù)時(shí),應(yīng)及時(shí)中轉(zhuǎn)開(kāi)腹手術(shù)。目前,關(guān)于腹腔鏡下腫瘤醫(yī)源性破裂及播散、腹壁穿刺口腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移或種植、CO2氣腹環(huán)境對(duì)卵巢癌患者生存的影響還不明確[18],尚缺乏與開(kāi)腹手術(shù)比較的大宗病例的前瞻性研究,有待積累更多的臨床資料來(lái)分析腹腔鏡手術(shù)的遠(yuǎn)期療效。
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AnalysisonSafetyandEffectivenessofLaparoscopicCytoreductiveSurgeryforAdvancedOvarianCancer
NiQin,MiXin,ZhangFengge,etal.
DepartmentofGynecology,ShunyiMaternalandChildren’sHospitalofBeijingChildren’sHospital,Beijing101300,China
MiXin,E-mail:mixin1964@126.com
ObjectiveTo explore the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer.MethodsOutcomes of 50 patients with advanced ovarian cancer who underwent either laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery (laparoscopic surgery group,n=22) or laparotomic cytoreductive surgery (laparotomic surgery group,n=28) from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The parameters including operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of resected lymph nodes, complete resection rate, gastrointestinal recovery time, hospital stay, operative complications, and recurrence were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe laparoscopic surgery group had less intraoperative blood loss [(181.8±74.9) ml vs. (393.9±280.6) ml,t=-3.443,P=0.001], shorter gastrointestinal recovery time [(1.6±0.7) vs. (3.2±0.9) d,t=-6.861,P=0.000], and shorter hospital stay [(11.0±3.6) vs. (16.1±5.9) d,t=-3.562,P=0.000] as compared to the laparotomic surgery group. No significant difference was found in operation time, number of resected lymph nodes, complete resection rate, and operative complications rate between the two groups (P>0.05). There were 1 case of external iliac vein injury and 1 case of sigmoid injury in the laparoscopic surgery group, all of which were repaired during laparoscopic surgery. In the laparotomic surgery group, 1 case of common iliac vein injury was successfully repaired and 1 case of lower extremity venous thrombosis was cured by anticoagulant therapy. A total of 50 patients were followed up for 4-52 months (median, 23.5 months). There was no significant difference in the recurrent rate between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionLaparoscopic cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer is safe and feasible in a short term, but the cases must be well selected and the surgeon and the team must have skilled operation techniques and treatment experience for complications.
Laparoscopic surgery; Advanced ovarian cancer; Cytoreductive surgery
A
1009-6604(2017)12-1083-05
10.3969/j.issn.1009-6604.2017.12.009
*通訊作者,E-mail:mixin1964@126.com
①(中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)北京順義醫(yī)院普外科,北京 101300)
②(中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)北京順義醫(yī)院泌尿外科,北京 101300)
2017-04-26)
2017-07-19)
李賀瓊)