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Ghrelin基因多態(tài)性與多囊卵巢綜合征的相關(guān)性

2022-05-30 10:48王曉孟,屈鳳祥,王丹,趙敏,徐琳
關(guān)鍵詞:多囊卵巢綜合征多態(tài)性

王曉孟,屈鳳祥,王丹,趙敏,徐琳

[摘要]目的? ? 研究Ghrelin基因單核苷酸多態(tài)性與多囊卵巢綜合征(PCOS)易感性的關(guān)系。

方法? ? 選擇PCOS病人230例為PCOS組,選擇同期因輸卵管因素就診的月經(jīng)規(guī)則、基礎(chǔ)體溫雙相不孕癥婦女163例作為對(duì)照組。應(yīng)用高通量測(cè)序技術(shù),對(duì)兩組樣本進(jìn)行Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)測(cè)序,并進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果? ? 兩組樣本rs55821288位點(diǎn)基因型頻率及等位基因頻率分布差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.584、4.337,P<0.05)。加性遺傳模型下,PCOS組基因型GG、AA差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(OR=4.025,95%CI=1.331~12.178,P<0.05);隱性遺傳模型下,GG基因型增加了PCOS發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(OR=3.786,95%CI=1.269~11.295,P<0.05);顯性遺傳模型下,兩組基因型差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論? ? Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與PCOS的發(fā)生有關(guān),等位基因G可能是PCOS的易感基因。

[關(guān)鍵詞]多囊卵巢綜合征;Ghrelin基因;多態(tài)性,單核苷酸

[中圖分類號(hào)]R711.75

[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]A

[文章編號(hào)]2096-5532(2022)04-0486-03

doi:10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2022.58.071

[開(kāi)放科學(xué)(資源服務(wù))標(biāo)識(shí)碼(OSID)]

[網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版]https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/37.1517.R.20220412.1535.002.html;[JY]2022-04-1409:48:05

ASSOCIATION OF GHRELIN GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

WANG Xiaomeng, QU Fengxiang, WANG Dan, ZHAO Min, XU Lin

(Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China)

[ABSTRACT]Objective[WTBZ] To study the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism of the Ghrelin gene and susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods A total of 230 PCOS patients were selected as PCOS group, and 163 women with biphasic infertility due to fallopian tube factors as well as regular menstrual cycles and basal body temperature were selected as control group. The rs55821288 locus of the Ghrelin gene was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing and compared between the two groups.

Results There were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs55821288 between the two groups (χ2=4.584,4.337;P<0.05). In the additive genetic model, significant differences in GG and AA genotypes were observed in the experimental group (OR=4.025,95%CI=1.331-12.178,P<0.05); in the recessive inheritance model, the GG genotype increased the risk of PCOS (OR=3.786,95%CI=1.269-11.295,P<0.05); in the dominant inheritance model, there was no significant difference in genotype between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion Ghrelin gene rs55821288 polymorphism is associated with the development of PCOS; G allele may be a susceptibility gene for PCOS.

[KEY WORDS] polycystic ovary syndrome; Ghrelin gene;? polymorphism, single nucleotide

多囊卵巢綜合征(PCOS)為一種常見(jiàn)內(nèi)分泌紊亂和代謝性疾病,其患病率為5%~10%[1]。PCOS臨床表現(xiàn)為高雄激素血癥、稀發(fā)排卵和無(wú)排卵、胰島素抵抗、肥胖、血脂紊亂等[2]。超過(guò)50%的PCOS病人表現(xiàn)為肥胖,肥胖可使胰島素抵抗進(jìn)行性發(fā)展,從而加重高雄激素血癥。而肥胖型PCOS女性存在更為嚴(yán)重的內(nèi)分泌激素紊亂和代謝功能異常[3]。Ghrelin是從胃組織中分離出的生長(zhǎng)素釋放肽,主要來(lái)自胃黏膜A或X/A樣細(xì)胞[4-6],在正常組織中表達(dá),其作用除了促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)激素釋放,還可調(diào)節(jié)能量代謝并影響胰腺的內(nèi)分泌功能和葡萄糖代謝。研究表明,Ghrelin基因多態(tài)性與PCOS病人代謝緊密相關(guān)[7]。目前關(guān)于PCOS的確切發(fā)病機(jī)制尚不清楚,但越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明多種遺傳和環(huán)境因素在其發(fā)病中發(fā)揮了重要作用[8]。本研究對(duì)Ghrelin基因多態(tài)性與PCOS的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行探討,以期為PCOS的個(gè)性化治療提供理論依據(jù)。

1資料與方法

1.1研究對(duì)象

2017年12月—2018年7月,選擇我院婦產(chǎn)科確診的PCOS病人230例作為研究對(duì)象(PCOS組),所有病人均符合2003年鹿特丹制定的PCOS

[CM(22]診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[9-10]。另選擇同期與PCOS組年齡匹配、因輸卵管因素就診的月經(jīng)規(guī)則、基礎(chǔ)體溫雙相不孕癥婦女163例作為對(duì)照組。所有參與者3個(gè)月內(nèi)無(wú)其他激素類藥物應(yīng)用史并排除糖尿病、高血壓以及內(nèi)分泌、肝腎、心腦血管等疾病。本研究由我院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),并取得研究對(duì)象知情同意。

1.2研究方法

1.2.1標(biāo)本收集采集受試對(duì)象月經(jīng)周期第3~6天外周靜脈血3 mL,月經(jīng)不規(guī)律者在B超檢查未見(jiàn)優(yōu)勢(shì)卵泡時(shí)采血,將血標(biāo)本置于EDTA抗凝管中,于-20 ℃冰箱保存?zhèn)溆谩?/p>

1.2.2DNA的提取使用血液基因組DNA提取試劑盒(天根生化科技(北京)有限公司)提取DNA。

1.2.3引物設(shè)計(jì)與合成應(yīng)用Primer 3軟件針對(duì)目的基因全長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行特異性多重引物設(shè)計(jì),引物合成委托生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司完成。

1.2.4多重PCR擴(kuò)增目的基因及測(cè)序PCR反應(yīng)擴(kuò)增條件:94 ℃預(yù)變性3 min,95 ℃變性30 s,58 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸90 s,72 ℃延伸5 min,共30個(gè)循環(huán)。將PCR產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行電泳檢測(cè)。根據(jù)多重PCR重?cái)?shù)確定稀釋小試樣本數(shù),然后在Illumina HiSeq PE150(Pair end 150bp)平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行雙末端測(cè)序(翼和生物有限公司,上海)。

1.3統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

應(yīng)用SPSS 18.0 軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。計(jì)量資料結(jié)果以[AKx-D]±s表示,數(shù)據(jù)間比較采用t檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn);采用95%置信區(qū)間(95%CI)和優(yōu)勢(shì)比(OR)評(píng)價(jià)Ghrelin基因與PCOS的相關(guān)性。用擬合優(yōu)度χ2檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行Hardy-Weinberg遺傳平衡分析。以P<0.05表示差異有顯著性。

2結(jié)果

2.1兩組一般資料比較

兩組年齡和睪丸素(T)、催乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)、促黃體生成素(LH)、腰臀比(WHR)、促卵泡激素(FSH)水平差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=4.486~12.252,P<0.001)。 見(jiàn)表1。

2.2Ghrelin基因多態(tài)性分布

PCOS組與對(duì)照組Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)基因型頻率分布差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.584,OR=1.439,95%CI=1.026~2.020,P<0.05)。兩組等位基因分布頻率比較差異亦有顯著意義(χ2=4.337,OR=1.420,95%CI=1.020~1.976,P<0.05)。Hardy-Weinberg遺傳平衡分析顯示,基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)等位基因頻率達(dá)到遺傳平衡,具有群體代表性。見(jiàn)表2。

2.3基因模型分析

加性遺傳模型分析顯示,AA基因型者PCOS發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯低于GG基因型者(χ2=6.920,OR=4.025,95%CI=1.331~12.178,P<0.05);隱性遺傳模型分析顯示,GG基因型者PCOS發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高于GA+AA基因型者(χ2=6.481,OR=3.786,95%CI=1.269~11.295,P<0.05);而顯性遺傳模型分析顯示,GG+GA基因型與AA基因型PCOS的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。見(jiàn)表2。

3討論

目前研究顯示,Ghrelin與多種疾病有關(guān)系,包括肥胖、胰島素抵抗、代謝綜合征和癌癥等[11-14]。此外,Ghrelin可能影響PCOS病人高雄激素分泌和顆粒細(xì)胞的增殖、分化和凋亡等[15]。目前,關(guān)于Gh-relin基因多態(tài)性與PCOS的關(guān)系尚不清楚。雖然尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)Ghrelin基因位點(diǎn)與PCOS發(fā)病機(jī)制直接相關(guān),但Ghrelin在PCOS病人代謝或PCOS發(fā)病機(jī)制中的作用不容忽視[16]。越來(lái)越多的研究表明,PCOS的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是由SNPs的協(xié)同和加性效應(yīng)引起的。Ghrelin基因具有異質(zhì)性,在不同的種族中具有不同的位點(diǎn)。眾所周知,環(huán)境和遺傳因素可以共同影響疾病的發(fā)展和發(fā)生。為了更好地闡明Ghrelin基因多態(tài)性與PCOS的相關(guān)性,研究Ghrelin基因在不同人群中的表達(dá)具有重要意義。

Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)位于第4內(nèi)含子,有A和G兩種等位基因。目前關(guān)于rs55821288位點(diǎn)與PCOS關(guān)系的報(bào)道較少。本文研究了Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與PCOS的相關(guān)性,結(jié)果顯示,PCOS組和對(duì)照組rs55821288位點(diǎn)等位基因頻率符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,樣本具有代表性;兩組Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)G和A基因頻率差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,等位基因G的PCOS發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高于等位基因A,提示G等位基因可能是PCOS發(fā)病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。

綜上所述,Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與PCOS的發(fā)生有關(guān),等位基因G可能是PCOS的易感基因。本文研究局限性:①本研究樣本量較小;②研究只在中國(guó)漢族人群中進(jìn)行,為了確定Ghrelin基因rs55821288位點(diǎn)與PCOS發(fā)病的相關(guān)性,還需要進(jìn)一步研究?jī)?nèi)含子區(qū)域各基因位點(diǎn)之間的相互關(guān)聯(lián)是否導(dǎo)致了不同種族PCOS的發(fā)生。本文結(jié)果可為PCOS的基因預(yù)測(cè)和靶向治療提供一定的理論依據(jù)。

[參考文獻(xiàn)]

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[7]XU L, SHI Y, GU J, et al. Association between ghrelin gene variations, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome[J].? Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 2014,122(3):144-148.

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[11]PALOMBA S, SANTAGNI S, FALBO A, et al. Complications and challenges associated with polycystic ovary syndrome: current perspectives[J].? International Journal of Womens Health, 2015,7:745-763.

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[13]GLUECK C J, DHARASHIVKAR S, WANG P, et al. Obesity and extreme obesity, manifest by ages 20-24 years, continuing through 32-41 years in women, should alert physicians to the diagnostic likelihood of polycystic ovary syndrome as a reversible underlying endocrinopathy[J].? European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2005,122(2):206-212.

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(本文編輯黃建鄉(xiāng))

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