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非小細胞肺癌淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移規(guī)律和清掃臨床研究

2020-12-31 07:27張萬飛
中外醫(yī)療 2020年31期
關(guān)鍵詞:淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移非小細胞肺癌

張萬飛

[摘要] 目的 探討非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)淋巴結(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)移規(guī)律和臨床清掃方式選擇。方法 回顧性分析該院2015年2月—2018年3月收治的164例NSCLC患者,共清掃1 083組淋巴結(jié),分析肺癌分期、病理類型以及原發(fā)部位與淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移關(guān)系,同時探討肺葉特異性淋巴結(jié)清掃方式(LND)、系統(tǒng)性淋巴結(jié)清掃方式(SML)對圍手術(shù)期資料的影響。 結(jié)果 共清掃淋巴結(jié)1 083組,平均每例清除7.13組。其中有淋巴結(jié)有轉(zhuǎn)移317組,轉(zhuǎn)移率為29.27%。T1:57組,T2:676組,T3:299組,T4∶41組,淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移率分別為15.79%、25.89%、36.12%、60.98%,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=14.450,P<0.01)。跳躍性N2在腺癌的發(fā)生率較高為55.77%。同時LND組在手術(shù)時間、術(shù)后胸腔引流量、術(shù)后拔管時間以及平均住院天數(shù)等方面均優(yōu)于SML組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 非小細胞肺癌患者的淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移與 T 分期之間存在明顯的關(guān)聯(lián),跳躍性縱膈淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)生率相對較高。同時肺葉特異性淋巴結(jié)清掃可以取得與系統(tǒng)淋巴結(jié)清掃相同的治療效果,且創(chuàng)傷更小,應(yīng)對其給予足夠的重視,注意廣泛清掃淋巴結(jié),提高治療效果。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 非小細胞肺癌;淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移;淋巴結(jié)清掃

[中圖分類號] R734.2 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1674-0742(2020)11(a)-0060-03

Clinical Study of Lymph Node Metastasis and Dissection of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

ZHANG Wan-fei

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the lymph node metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the choice of clinical dissection methods. Methods Retrospective analysis of 164 NSCLC patients admitted to the hospital from February 2015 to March 2018, a total of 1 083 groups of lymph nodes were dissected, the stage, pathological type of lung cancer, and the relationship between the primary site and lymph node metastasis were analyzed, and the method of lung lobe-specific lymph node dissection(LND) and systemic lymph node dissection (SML) on perioperative data. Results A total of 1 083 groups of lymph nodes were removed, with an average of 7.13 groups removed per case. Among them, there were 317 groups with lymph node metastasis, and the metastasis rate was 29.27%. In the T1:57 group, T2:676 group, T3:299 group, and T4:41 group, the lymph node metastasis rates were 15.79%, 25.89%, 36.12%, and 60.98%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant(χ2=14.450, P<0.01). The incidence of skipping N2 in adenocarcinoma was 55.77%. At the same time, the LND group was better than the SML group in terms of operation time, postoperative thoracic drainage, postoperative extubation time and average hospital stay, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion There is a significant connection between lymph node metastasis and T staging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The incidence of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis is relatively high. At the same time, pulmonary lobe-specific lymph node dissection can achieve the same therapeutic effect as systemic lymph node dissection, and with less trauma, enough attention should be given to it, and attention should be paid to extensive lymph node dissection to improve the treatment effect.

該研究數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計表明,共清掃淋巴結(jié)1 083組,平均每例清除7.13組。其中有淋巴結(jié)有轉(zhuǎn)移317組,轉(zhuǎn)移率為29.27%。T1:57組,T2:676組,T3:299組,T4:41組,淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移率分別為15.79%、25.89%、36.12%、60.98%,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.01)。跳躍性N2在腺癌的發(fā)生率較高為55.77%。同時LND組在手術(shù)時間、術(shù)后胸腔引流量、術(shù)后拔管時間以及平均住院天數(shù)等方面均優(yōu)于SML組(P<0.05),和上述研究結(jié)果一致,說明采用系統(tǒng)性淋巴結(jié)清掃要求切除包括隆突下淋巴結(jié)在內(nèi)的至少3組縱隔淋巴結(jié),同時一并切除肺內(nèi)和肺門淋巴結(jié)。而肺葉特異性淋巴結(jié)清掃主要有選擇性地清掃特定區(qū)域淋巴結(jié),在此過程中嚴格依據(jù)病灶位置,主要理論依據(jù)為通常情況下,肺癌腫瘤細胞經(jīng)淋巴管路轉(zhuǎn)移向特定的淋巴引流區(qū)域[6-8]。

綜上所述,非小細胞肺癌的淋巴結(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)移與T分期存在顯著的關(guān)聯(lián),跳躍性縱膈淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)生率隨著淋巴結(jié)的轉(zhuǎn)移率明顯增大、T分期的增加在腺癌中相對較高。同時肺葉特異性淋巴結(jié)清掃可以取得與系統(tǒng)淋巴結(jié)清掃相同的治療效果,且創(chuàng)傷更小,應(yīng)注意廣泛清掃淋巴結(jié),提高治療效果。

[參考文獻]

[1] ?孫亞娟,姜智允,尚乃艦,等.雙源CT能量成像在評估非小細胞肺癌縱隔淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移中的應(yīng)用價值[J].實用腫瘤學(xué)雜志,2019,33(6):531-535.

[2] ?Erickson CJ, Fernandez FG, Reddy RM. Minimally invasive and open approaches to mediastinal nodal assessment[J].Ann Surg Oncol,2018,25(1):64-67.

[3] ?陸運,馬騰,王雷,等.早期非小細胞肺癌淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移規(guī)律及清掃方式研究進展[J].國肺癌雜志,2019,22(8):520-525.

[4] ?趙煒杰,趙光強.Ⅰ期非小細胞肺癌發(fā)生淋巴結(jié)微轉(zhuǎn)移的檢測與預(yù)后研究進展[J].醫(yī)學(xué)研究生學(xué)報,2019,32(10):1094-1098.

[5] ?張善淵,王亮,魯方亮,等.淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移率與Ⅲa-N2非小細胞肺癌臨床特征和生存相關(guān)性研究[J].中國肺癌雜志,2019, 22(11):702-708.

[6] ?李高,何妍,蔡仁中,等.非小細胞肺癌隆突下淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移特點和影響因素的臨床分析[J].臨床肺科雜志,2019,24(9):1675-1678.

[7] ?魏東,薛志芳,劉博,等.pN0期非小細胞肺癌組織中PDGF-B和PDGFR-α的表達及與淋巴結(jié)微轉(zhuǎn)移的關(guān)系[J].現(xiàn)代腫瘤醫(yī)學(xué),2019,27(22):3997-4001.

[8] ?Fang L,Xu J,Ye B,et al.Is lobe specific lymph node dissection adequate for cN0-1 non-small cell lung cancer[J].J Cardiothorac Surg,2020,15(1):46.

(收稿日期:2020-08-02)

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