廖曉林

據(jù)歷年高考短文改錯(cuò)題分析，共11個(gè)考點(diǎn)，如下圖所示：

考點(diǎn)助記順口溜：

連介冠，代名數(shù);改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)要記住。

謂非謂轉(zhuǎn)比較級(jí);常用詞語(yǔ)要辨析。

現(xiàn)將各個(gè)考點(diǎn)的具體考查點(diǎn)和考查方式分述如下：

考點(diǎn)1：連詞

近四年來(lái)，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷每年必考，至少考1題，有時(shí)考3題;全國(guó)Ⅲ卷除2016年未考查外，最近三年每年都考查1～2題?？键c(diǎn)考法如下圖所示：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.

2.（2009全國(guó)大綱卷）I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon， and I was held up on my way back.

3.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）When I studied chemistry in high school， I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.

4.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）Everyone was silent， waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.

5.（2017全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）... they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden， that is on the rooftop of their house.

6.（2018全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）They also had a small pond which they raised fish.

7.（2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.

8.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）In fact， he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.

9.（2010全國(guó)大綱Ⅰ卷）So if they had said was true， I would have a chance of winning the prize.

10.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）He had a deep voice， which set him apart from others in our small town， he was strong and powerful.

11.（2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Though not very big， but the restaurant ...

12.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）I was afraid that to speak ...

考點(diǎn)2：介詞

全國(guó)卷各卷都是四年考三次，每次考1題?？键c(diǎn)考法如下：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2018全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）At the end of our trip， I told my father that I planned to return for every two years， and he agreed.

2.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）When I studied chemistry high school， I reconsidered my goal ...

3.（2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.

4.（ 2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）Now I am leaving home to college.

5.（2015全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Unfortunately， on the development of industrialization， the environment has been polluted.

6.（2014全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Therefore， we have more time with after-school activities.

7.（2007全國(guó)大綱卷）These are the happiest girls Ive ever seen and Im the happiest in all！

8.（2017全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）When I look at this picture of myself， I realize of how fast time flies.

9.（2008全國(guó)大綱Ⅱ卷）If I have the honor to be chosen to work for the 29th Olympic Games， I will at first improve my English ...

考點(diǎn)3：冠詞

最近四年，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷每年1道題，Ⅱ卷和Ⅲ卷各考了三次，每次1道題?？键c(diǎn)考法如下：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2017全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）When I look at this picture of myself ...Around me in picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time ...

2.（2009全國(guó)大綱Ⅱ卷）Just before I turned corner of Park Street， I happened to see an accident.

3.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me ...

4.（2017全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）I still remember how hard first day was.

5.（2018全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）During my last winter holiday， I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.

6.（2014全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）As∧ result， the plants are growing everywhere.

7.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）In a fact， he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play or do homework with me.

8.（2019全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.

9.（2014全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.

考點(diǎn)4：代詞

最近四年，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷各考查了兩次，但Ⅲ卷每年都考，且在2016年考查了兩道題。考點(diǎn)考法如下：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2019全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）In the café， customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment ...

2.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）I loved to watch cartoons， but no matter how many times I asked to watch them， my parents would not let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.

3.（2012全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）I was happy when the toys worked， but when things went wrong， I got angry and broke it.

4.（2007全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）Three years ago， Li Mings parents invited I to spend a wonderful week in Qingdao with them during the summer holiday.

5.（2009全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）Im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon， for Ive got some preparations to make.

6.（2007全國(guó)大綱Ⅰ卷）I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it in me and we walked.

7.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）I had done myself homework， but I was shy.

8.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）He had a deep voice， which set himself apart from others in our small town ...

9.（2008全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）We are organizing an art exhibition for high school students in the city. This will be held on the 9th of July in the Exhibition Hall of Beihai.

10.（2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）At last， I will be on my own， but I still want to have my parents to turn to when ever need help.

11.（2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Five minutes later， Tony saw parents.

12. From then on， I started to play my football with classmates after school.

考點(diǎn)5：名詞

最近四年，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷和Ⅲ卷考了三年，每年1道，事實(shí)上，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷十年來(lái)也只有2016年沒考;全國(guó)Ⅱ卷年年都考了，且2018年考了兩道，一道是名詞的數(shù)，另一道是名詞的所有格。

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2017全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）... they often get some useful informations from the Internet.

2.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）All the football player on the playground cheered loudly ...

3.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Since I was a kid， Ive considered different job I would like to do.

4.（2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）One day， little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. ... he turned around and found that his parents were missing.

5.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks， and mistake as well.

6.（2007全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago.

7.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）When I was little， Fridays night was our family game night.

考點(diǎn)6：數(shù)詞

偶爾考查，十三年來(lái)僅考過兩次，2017年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷和2019年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷，主要考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法區(qū)別，更確切地說(shuō)，僅要求考生將基數(shù)詞改為序數(shù)詞。注意：考查年份是最近喲，需特別留意。

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Then， when I was in the five grade， I wanted to be a teacher ...

2.（2017全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday， I took driving lessons.

考點(diǎn)7：謂語(yǔ)

除2019年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷沒有考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞外，每年每套題均有1～2題，其中，2016年全國(guó)Ⅱ卷考查了3道題?？键c(diǎn)有以下六個(gè)方面12種情況：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2017全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）I had grown not only physically， but also mentally in the past few years.

2.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）There were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazed at ... And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.

3.（2017全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）About one month after this photo was taken， I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.

4.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）It was Monday morning， and the writing class had just begin.

5.（2017全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）About one month after this photo was took， I entered my second year of high school ...

6.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks， and mistakes as well.

7.（2011全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）Luckily， I had all my money in my pocket， but the only clothes I had was those I had on.

8.（2015全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.

9.（2016全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.

10.（2016全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）We can chose between staying at home ...

11.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）... but no matter how many times I asked to watch them， my parents would not to let me.

12.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Still I unwilling to play the games ...

考點(diǎn)8：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

最近四年，全國(guó)Ⅲ卷每年都考，且最近連續(xù)兩年都考查了兩道，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷都是四年考了兩次，其中2019年全國(guó)Ⅰ卷也考了兩道題。

考查的重點(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞不定式，其次是動(dòng)名詞，考得最少的是過去分詞，僅2012年考過1次。錯(cuò)誤類型如下：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2019全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）Now my dream is to opens a café.

2.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）... but no matter how many times I asked to watching them， my parents would not let me.

3.（2019全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）I want my café have a special theme ...

4.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.

5.（2012全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）Meanwhile， I found out that with more patience， I could make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.

6.（2019全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）If I succeed in manage one， I will open more.

7.（2016全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.

8.（2013全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner ...

9.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）All the football players on the playground cheered loudly， say that I had a talent for football.

10.（2012全國(guó)大綱Ⅱ卷）Third， we should find ways to reuse the water using in washing， especially bath water ...

考點(diǎn)9：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換

最近四年，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷和Ⅲ卷每年1題，其中全國(guó)Ⅰ卷2016年考了兩題。全國(guó)Ⅱ卷僅僅2019年一年考了，并考了兩個(gè)小題。主要考查以下三類詞的用法，重點(diǎn)是形容詞與副詞的誤用：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤，并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2017全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.

2.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）First， I wanted to be a fireman， whose uniform looked so coolly.

3.（2014全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）The fruits are small in size， but juicy and taste.

4.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.

5.（2010全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）My friend Nick told me a story about his experience back in the US， which was very interested.

6.（2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Instead， he hopes that his business will grow steady.

7.（2015全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried.

8.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）Immediate， I raised my hand.

9.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）To everyones surprising， the ball went into the net.

10.（2013全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）When tea got popular in Britain， there was a crying need for good cups with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.

考點(diǎn)10：比較等級(jí)

在近四年12套題中，共考查了5次，其中全國(guó)Ⅱ卷考查了3次，全國(guó)Ⅲ卷考查了兩次，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷沒有考查?？键c(diǎn)考法如下：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤，并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people.

2.（2012全國(guó)課標(biāo)卷）I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.

3.（2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）They were also the best and worse years in my life.

4. 2007全國(guó)大綱Ⅱ卷）These are the happier girls Ive ever seen and Im the happiest of all！

5.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.

考點(diǎn)11：常用詞辨析

近四年來(lái)，全國(guó)Ⅰ卷考查了三次共4題，Ⅱ卷考查了兩次共3題，Ⅲ卷考查了一次1題。自2007年以來(lái)，主要考查了以下17組：

真題精練 改正下列句中錯(cuò)誤，并說(shuō)明理由。

1.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.

2.（2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）All the football players on the playground cheered loudly， saying that I had a talent for football. From now on， I startedto play football with classmates after school.

3.（2015全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Much rare animals are dying out. （Many）

4.（2016全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby. I think that it is a good idea. It does not cost many， yet we can still learn a lot.

5.（2014全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）Nearly five years before， and with the help of our father， my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden.

6.（2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷）At first， I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. However， my parents didnt seem to think such.

7.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）However， he was the gentlest man I have never known.

8.（2018全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）During my last winter holiday， I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I found a big change there. ... Last winter when I went here again， they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.

9.（2014全國(guó)Ⅰ卷） ... we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As a result， the plants are growing somewhere.

10.（2017全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）A few minutes late， the instructor asked me to stop the car.

11.（2017全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）They have also bought some gardening tools. Beside， they often get some useful information ...

12.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.

13.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）They were two reasons for the decision. One was that ... And the other was that ...

14.（2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.

15.（2018全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs， ducks， and another animals.

16.（2017全國(guó)Ⅱ卷）Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school.

17.（2017全國(guó)Ⅰ卷） I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.

18.（2013全國(guó)Ⅰ卷）I remember my grandfather very much.

參考答案

考點(diǎn)1：連詞

1. but→and 2. and→but 3. or→and 4. and→or 5. that→which 6. which→where或在which前加in 7. that→where 8. during→when 9. 在they前加what 10. 在he was strong前加上and 11. 刪除but 12. 刪除that

考點(diǎn)2：介詞

1. 刪除every前的for 2. 在high school前加in或at 3. 在dreams后加of或about 4. to→for 5. on→with 6. with→for 7. in→of 8. 刪除realize后的of 9. 故刪除at

考點(diǎn)3：冠詞

1. 在picture前加the或this 2. 在cornor前加the 3. 在football前加a 4. 在first前加the 5. 在countryside前加the 6. 在result前的a 7. 刪除fact前的a 8. an→a 9. 刪除flowers前的the

考點(diǎn)4：代詞

1. yourselves→themselves 2. us→me 3. it→them 4. I→me 5. mine→my 6. in me→in mine 7. myself→my 8. himself→him 9. This→It 10. 在need前加I 11. 在parents前加his 12. 刪除my

考點(diǎn)5：名詞

1. informations→information 2. player→players 3. job→jobs 4. parent→parents 5. mistake→mistakes 6. friend→friends 7. Fridays→Friday

考點(diǎn)6：數(shù)詞

1. five→fifth 2. eighteen→f eighteenth

考點(diǎn)7：謂語(yǔ)

1. had→have 2. is→was 3. become→became 4. begin→begun 5. took→taken 6. include→includes 7. was→were 8. 刪除been 9. can→should /刪除can 10. chose→choose 11. 刪除let前的to 12. 在unwilling前加was

考點(diǎn)8：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

1. opens→open 2. watching→watch 3. 在have前加to 4. 在take前加to 5. 刪除last（持續(xù)）前的to 6. manage→managing 7. take→taking 8. Have→Having 9. say→saying 10. using→used

考點(diǎn)9：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換

1. suddenly→sudden 2. coolly→cool 3. taste→tasty 4. interesting→interested 5. Interested→interesting 6. steady→steadily 7. terrible→terribly 8. Immediate→Immediately 9. Surprising→surprise 10. grow→growth

考點(diǎn)10：比較等級(jí)

1. larger→large 2. little→less 3. worse→worst 4. happier→happiest 5. 刪除more

考點(diǎn)11：常用詞辨析

1. hardly→hard 2. now→then 3. Much→many 4. many→much 5. before→ago 6. such→so 7. never→ever 8. here→there 9. somewhere→everywhere 10. late→later 11. Beside→Besides 12. holding→hold 13. They→There 14. too→very 15. another→other 16. all→both 17. 刪除much 18. much→well

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青