趙慶君
[摘要] 對于無痛人工流產(chǎn)術(shù)所采取的傳統(tǒng)操作通常是在自視下實施,主要憑借術(shù)者自身的閱歷以及手感,可是在自視下較難做好臨床帶教。要改善臨床帶教效果,要優(yōu)選科學(xué)的無痛人流術(shù)帶教方法,指導(dǎo)實習(xí)人員把握人流綜合癥鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和關(guān)鍵的手術(shù)時間節(jié)點(diǎn)。無痛人工流產(chǎn)術(shù)帶教的主要優(yōu)勢是不但填補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)帶教中自視操作的空白,而且還使帶教教師能借助超聲屏幕,清晰的查看孕囊以及子宮的具體位置、了解實際宮腔深度,指引醫(yī)學(xué)生精準(zhǔn)的操作,并可動態(tài)的隨時查看宮腔內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)的各種改變,密切監(jiān)測吸刮物的效果,消除了諸多隱患。B超監(jiān)護(hù)在應(yīng)用條件上沒有較高的要求,大部分醫(yī)院都能實施,有著很大的普及價值,實際效果顯著。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 計劃生育帶教;無痛人流術(shù);臨床帶教;教學(xué)方法
[中圖分類號] R4 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654(2018)01(b)-0097-02
Application Value of Painless Artificial Abortion in the Clinical Teaching
ZHAO Qing-jun
Department of Family Planning, Changchun Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130000 China
[Abstract] The traditional operation adopted by the painless artificial abortion is usually implemented by themselves, mainly relying on the patients own experience and feel, in order to improve the clinical teaching effect, we should select the scientific painless artificial abortion teaching method, guide the interns to master the differentiation standards of abortion syndrome and key operation time nodal points, the major advantage of painless artificial abortion can not only fill in the blank of self-operation in the traditional teaching but also make the teachers clearly orient the specific place of gestational sac and uterus, master the actual intrauterine depth, guide the precise operation of medical students, dynamically examine various changes of the internal shape of the endometrial cavity at any time, closely monitor the effect of curettage and aspiration, and eliminate most hidden dangers. B ultrasound monitoring has no higher requirement for application conditions, and most hospitals can conduct it, and it is of greatest promotion value and has an obvious practical effect.
[Key words] Family planning teaching; Painless artificial abortion; Clinical teaching ;The teahing method
對于無痛人工流產(chǎn)術(shù)所采取的傳統(tǒng)操作通常是在自視下實施的,主要憑借術(shù)者自身的閱歷以及手感,可是在自視下較難做好臨床帶教[1]。該院近年來就已逐步的在臨床帶教之中融入了B超監(jiān)護(hù)下實施的無痛人工流產(chǎn)術(shù)操作,填補(bǔ)了以往帶教中在自視操作上的空白,這樣,就能動態(tài)地、清晰地查看宮腔內(nèi)的具體狀況,以便對術(shù)者的操作給予引導(dǎo),極大地改善了帶教效果。
1 優(yōu)選科學(xué)的無痛人流術(shù)帶教方法
該院選擇了CTS-3300 B這種新型的超聲儀,所用的探頭頻率達(dá)到了3.2 MHz,帶教中的詳細(xì)操作流程如下:在術(shù)前對患者實施麻醉,并適度豐盈其膀胱,使子宮底部能剛好顯現(xiàn),如果遇到危急的現(xiàn)象,可將生理鹽水200~400 mL進(jìn)行膀朧灌注。操作人員要坐在患者的右側(cè),并在其下腹位置涂抹適量的耦合劑,以能清楚地顯現(xiàn)孕囊、以及子宮頸與子宮體的實際位置為宜,且連續(xù)的移動探頭以做到術(shù)中全程觀察[2]。借助B超來引導(dǎo)并觀察吸管、擴(kuò)宮器、以及探針等進(jìn)入宮頸所處宮腔的具體方位、屈曲度、以及深度,且指明吸管進(jìn)至孕囊所處的位置。還要正確指引吸管逐步吸收孕囊、以及所有蛻膜組織,對手術(shù)全程實施監(jiān)護(hù)[3]。帶教教師借助B超屏幕就可全面而準(zhǔn)確地知曉宮腔內(nèi)的實際操作細(xì)節(jié),并能知曉宮腔內(nèi)全部容物的具體位置、以及所用工具的實際動作、方位與深度,在清楚地展現(xiàn)宮腔線之后,醫(yī)學(xué)生就中止操作,由帶教教師以專用的刮匙輕微而細(xì)心的搔刮宮腔內(nèi)壁后,完成整個手術(shù)。然后,認(rèn)真查看吸出組織并確以為絨毛。指導(dǎo)實習(xí)人員將手術(shù)所用的時長、人流綜合征、以及術(shù)中出血量等內(nèi)容全部記錄,并于術(shù)后注意隨訪月經(jīng)恢復(fù)狀況、以及陰道流血總時長、并了解近期宮腔粘連、感染與殘留狀況。