鄭澤龍
[摘要] 目的 探討交鎖髓內(nèi)釘與鋼板內(nèi)固定治療糖尿病患者股骨干骨折的效果。方法 選取該科2017年5月—2018年5月收治的股骨干骨折合并糖尿病患者34例,隨機(jī)分為兩組各17例,觀察組給予交鎖髓內(nèi)釘治療,對(duì)照組給予鋼板內(nèi)固定治療,比較效果。 結(jié)果 觀察組出血量、手術(shù)時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間、FPG均明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);觀察組優(yōu)良率為94.1%,明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組76.5%(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 交鎖髓內(nèi)釘治療糖尿病患者股骨干骨折效果顯著,能有效縮短手術(shù)時(shí)間,促進(jìn)患者肢體功能恢復(fù)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 交鎖髓內(nèi)釘;鋼板內(nèi)固定;股骨干骨折;糖尿病
[中圖分類號(hào)] R587.1 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1672-4062(2018)10(a)-0035-02
[Abstract] Objective To study the comparison of interlocking intramedullary nail and plate internal fixation in treatment of fracture of femoral shaft of diabetes patients. Methods 34 cases of patients with fracture of femoral shaft combined with diabetes admitted and treated in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2018 were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 17 cases in each, the observation group and the control group were respectively treated with interlocking intramedullary nail and plate internal fixation, and the effect was compared between the two groups. Results The bleeding volume, operation time, length of stay, and FPG in the observation group were obviously better than those in the control group(P<0.05), and the excellent and good rate in the observation group was obviously better than that in the control group 94.1% vs 76.5% (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of interlocking intramedullary nail in treatment of fracture of femoral shaft of diabetes patients is obvious, which can effectively shorten the operation time and promote the limb function recovery of patients.
[Key words] Interlocking intramedullary nail; Plate internal fixation; Fracture of femoral shaft; Diabetes
股骨干骨折是常見(jiàn)的骨科損傷疾病,占全身骨折的6%~8%[1]。多因股骨干遭受外界強(qiáng)暴力或高空墜落所致,常伴有重要臟器損傷。此外,由于此處大腿肌肉豐富,骨折很容易發(fā)生移位,如不及時(shí)治療,可引發(fā)神經(jīng)損傷、骨折畸形愈合。糖尿病是常見(jiàn)的代謝性疾病,長(zhǎng)期的高血糖狀態(tài)不僅影響手術(shù)效果,引發(fā)感染和骨折延遲愈合,甚至?xí)斐芍w遠(yuǎn)端血管病變壞死[2],影響患者肢體功能恢復(fù)。開(kāi)展有效的手術(shù)方法對(duì)恢復(fù)患者運(yùn)動(dòng)功能至關(guān)重要。該科對(duì)2017年5月—2018年5月收治的34例股骨干骨折合并糖尿病患者分別進(jìn)行交鎖髓內(nèi)釘固定和鋼板內(nèi)固定,探討兩種術(shù)式的治療效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取該科收治的股骨干骨折合并糖尿病患者34例為觀察對(duì)象,隨機(jī)分為兩組各17例,觀察組男11例,女6例,年齡33~60歲,平均(50.2±3.1)歲,糖尿病病程3~10年,平均(5.6±1.2)年,骨折原因:交通傷10例,高空墜落5例,重物砸擊2例。對(duì)照組男12例,女5例,年齡35~59歲,平均(49.6±3.7)歲,糖尿病病程3~9年,平均(5.3±1.0)年,骨折原因:交通傷12例,高空墜落4例,重物砸擊1例。排除其他嚴(yán)重器官疾病、陳舊性骨折等。患者均知情同意并經(jīng)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)。兩組一般資料比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 觀察組 給予交鎖髓內(nèi)釘治療[3]。連續(xù)硬膜外麻醉,取仰臥位。對(duì)開(kāi)放性骨折患者,清創(chuàng)暴露傷口并適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng);對(duì)閉合性患者,以骨折部位做切口,充分暴露骨折端,將導(dǎo)針自骨折近端沿骨髓腔至股骨大粗隆,頂梨狀窩內(nèi)側(cè)骨皮質(zhì)穿出皮膚,復(fù)位骨折斷端,復(fù)位后用導(dǎo)針引導(dǎo)擴(kuò)髓器擴(kuò)髓。復(fù)位良好后,選擇合適的髓內(nèi)釘從大粗隆頂點(diǎn)稍偏內(nèi)后部打入髓腔,在近遠(yuǎn)兩端各釘兩顆鎖釘固定,保證所有鎖釘在鎖孔內(nèi)。
1.2.2 對(duì)照組 給予鋼板內(nèi)固定治療[4]。連續(xù)硬膜外麻醉后,從外側(cè)入路行骨膜下剝離,放置AO鋼板及螺釘。
1.3 觀察內(nèi)容及效果評(píng)定
觀察患者出血量、手術(shù)時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間及FPG情況;隨訪3~6個(gè)月,觀察患者治療效果,根據(jù)患者骨折對(duì)位及功能恢復(fù)情況分為優(yōu)、良、可、差。