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Cultural differences教學(xué)反思

2018-02-26 15:30呂紫祎
關(guān)鍵詞:閱讀課語(yǔ)篇交際

呂紫祎

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):G632.0 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1992-7711(2017)12-0115

一、案例描述

1. 學(xué)生分析

文化差異是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言必須面對(duì)的問(wèn)題,新課標(biāo)要求學(xué)生要有跨文化交際的意思,要有國(guó)際視野。根據(jù)這些特點(diǎn),我采用與新課標(biāo)要求相一致的新的教學(xué)方式,即活動(dòng)式的教學(xué)法和任務(wù)型教學(xué)法相結(jié)合的方法,調(diào)動(dòng)全班學(xué)生的積極性,在師生互動(dòng)、生生互動(dòng)中實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)任務(wù)和目標(biāo)。

2. 教材分析

本節(jié)課的授課內(nèi)容為Cultural differences,讓學(xué)生了解中西方文化的差別。對(duì)于該內(nèi)容學(xué)生半知半解,但是對(duì)中西方結(jié)婚習(xí)俗的不同很感興趣,于是本節(jié)課筆者采取截取《暮光之城》電影片段導(dǎo)入這節(jié)課。

3.教學(xué)目標(biāo)(Learning aims)

By the end of the lesson, you will be able to:(1) gain some knowledge about cultural differences;(2)understand the uses of examples;(3)write a passage to introduce a cultural difference in China to foreigners;(4)increase the awareness of understanding each other and take pride in our Chinese traditional culture.

4. 教學(xué)策略和方法

本節(jié)課的教學(xué)以學(xué)生為中心,以學(xué)生感興趣的唯美的西方婚禮的結(jié)婚誓言為出發(fā)點(diǎn),使學(xué)生在輕松愉快的課堂氛圍中自主地進(jìn)行信息加工、知識(shí)意義構(gòu)建、歸納能力發(fā)展的過(guò)程。教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中則適時(shí)介入,引導(dǎo)、啟發(fā)、組織、幫助、促進(jìn)。隨堂進(jìn)行小組指導(dǎo),一方面參與學(xué)生的討論,更給學(xué)生以個(gè)別輔導(dǎo),以幫助學(xué)生解決學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的難題。通過(guò)演示法把制作的課件、學(xué)生的作文等顯示給學(xué)生看,便于學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的把握,并從中獲得啟迪,從而解決問(wèn)題。通過(guò)小組協(xié)作法分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題,從而內(nèi)化而形成學(xué)習(xí)成果,并將其在全班學(xué)生中展示,使學(xué)生獲得成功的喜悅,從而激發(fā)學(xué)生的后續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)熱情。通過(guò)任務(wù)驅(qū)動(dòng)教學(xué)法將所要學(xué)習(xí)的新知識(shí)隱含在一個(gè)或幾個(gè)問(wèn)題之中,學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)所提的任務(wù)進(jìn)行分析、討論,并在教師的指導(dǎo)、幫助下找出解決問(wèn)題的方法,最后通過(guò)任務(wù)的完成而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)的意義建構(gòu)。

二、教學(xué)過(guò)程(Teaching procedures)

Step 1. Lead in: Enjoy a video.

教學(xué)意圖:吸引學(xué)生注意力,激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣,同時(shí)引出本課教學(xué)內(nèi)容。蘇霍姆林斯基認(rèn)為:“教學(xué)的起點(diǎn),首先在于激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和愿望”。我國(guó)古代著名的教育家孔子也曾說(shuō)過(guò):“知之者不如好之者,好之者不如樂(lè)之者”。從心理學(xué)角度講,興趣是認(rèn)識(shí)事物過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的良好情緒。這種心理狀況會(huì)促使學(xué)習(xí)者積極尋求認(rèn)識(shí)和了解事物的途徑和方法,并表現(xiàn)出一種強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感和旺盛的探究精神。如果課堂導(dǎo)入充滿趣味性,學(xué)生便會(huì)把學(xué)習(xí)看作是一種精神享受,因而能更加自覺(jué)積極地學(xué)習(xí)。

The video is about western wedding ceremony.

Discussion:

Can you introduce some Chinese wedding customs?

There are several questions to help you.

1. What colour do the Chinese people use to celebrate their wedding?

2. What special food do the new couple eat to be a symbol of having a baby early?

3. What should the bridegroom take to the brides home?

讓學(xué)生以小組為單位討論分析,最后給出答案。事實(shí)上,學(xué)生很快給出了正確答案,說(shuō)明學(xué)生掌握得很好,而且學(xué)生信心很足。

在此基礎(chǔ)上,我問(wèn)他們是否愿意嘗試更具挑戰(zhàn)性的題目,學(xué)生們躍躍欲試。

教學(xué)意圖:讓學(xué)生直觀感受中西方婚禮的差別,并得出婚禮的差別是由于不同文化引起的,從而導(dǎo)入本節(jié)課的課文學(xué)習(xí)。

Fast reading

Go through the text quickly and finish exercises 1&2

1.①How many people are chatting here?

②Where are they from

Read their conversation again and match it.

2. The text can be divided into four parts:

PartⅠ: Line1-Line15

1.●A wedding reception and two customs in Brunei

Key words: serve food, thumb

PartⅡ: Line16-Line22

2.●Bonfire Night in the UK

PartⅢ: Line23-Line40

3.●A wedding ceremony in Korea

Key words:a live hen and a roosterendprint

PartⅣ: Line41-Line59

4.●Need some help on homework about cultural differences.

Key words : open presents

筆者采用語(yǔ)篇教學(xué)法(Text approach),實(shí)際上就是從語(yǔ)篇分析(Discourse analysis)入手,把語(yǔ)篇作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)考慮,要求學(xué)習(xí)者從其層次結(jié)構(gòu)及內(nèi)容上入手,最大量地獲取和掌握文章所傳遞的信息,同時(shí)逐步地培養(yǎng)其恰當(dāng)使用語(yǔ)言的能力即(口筆頭)交際能力。所以這種方法可以達(dá)到把語(yǔ)篇分析、打語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)以及交際能力的培養(yǎng)三者有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)的目的(毛玉華, 1994)。

Step2. Detailed Reading TaskⅠ Part Ⅰ (Line 1-Line15)

When did the British teacher open the present at the end-of-term ceremony?

He opened the present he received it at the end -of -term ceremony.

Why? It is not to open a present when someone gives you one in the west. They like to see how the person .

Detailed Reading Task 2 Part Ⅱ (Line16-Line22)

1. Roosters are supposed to from the wedding ceremony;

2. Hens are thought to for the marriage;

3. The fact that the hen lays an egg is considered during the ceremony.

Detailed Reading Task 3 Part Ⅲ (Line23-Line40)

Read the sentences below and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).

1. Men and women have to sit in separate areas at the wedding.

2. Food, soft drinks, tea and coffee are served, but alcohol is not permitted at the wedding.

3. People in Brunei celebrate the wedding by singing and dancing throughout the night.

4. People point with their first finger in Brunei.

5. If you came to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someones house.

Step 3. Reading Strategy

Please list the purposes of using examples.

From the text we know we should always whenever we go.

A. do as we like

B. do as the local people do

Step 4 Writing

Peter and Waled are interested in Chinese culture especially Chinese traditional festivals and wedding. So write a short passage about Chinese traditional festivals or Chinese wedding to them.

Discuss in groups.

1. When is...

2. What do people do to celebrate it?

3. What special food do people eat?

4. Some other things you want to write

The following are to help you to write:

Words : congratulate, celebrate, adjust, permit, prohibit, ensure, get accustomed to, Useful phrases : have trouble doing sth;

Some sentence patterns to help you to write:

what is really interesting is that...;

Another differences is that while...

it is quite funny doing sth,

Only by this way can we ...

Whats more,...

Step 5. Homework

1. Polish your writing.

2. Collect more customs in different countries.

三、案例反思

1. 采用多媒體教學(xué)

多媒體技術(shù)具有集圖像、聲音、動(dòng)畫(huà)、文字于一體等多種信息功能,而電腦接入因特網(wǎng)后,具有信息量大,信息變化速度快,信息資源高度共享等特點(diǎn),是過(guò)去任何一種傳媒無(wú)法比擬的。利用多媒體制作課件,增大了課堂容量,加大展示不同國(guó)家不同文化的力度。也加快了課堂的節(jié)奏。明確任務(wù)目標(biāo),站 在學(xué)生角度,精心設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)任務(wù),提高學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的積極性,為學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)英語(yǔ)交際環(huán)境。整堂課師生,生生互動(dòng)性強(qiáng),在自主、互動(dòng)、探究的方式中展開(kāi)課堂教學(xué)。并且引導(dǎo)學(xué)生重視所學(xué)的知識(shí)的語(yǔ)用功能。課堂氣氛活躍,學(xué)生踴躍參加活動(dòng)并取得了良好的效果。精心設(shè)計(jì)課堂提問(wèn),設(shè)疑啟智、營(yíng)造高效的課堂氛圍。

2. 教會(huì)學(xué)生閱讀的方法和技巧

作為英語(yǔ)教師,學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主人,在英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)中,我們首先教會(huì)學(xué)生閱讀的方法和技巧??偟膩?lái)說(shuō),我們必須高度重視閱讀課,充分開(kāi)發(fā)閱讀課的潛力,有效地利用閱讀課的資源,通過(guò)各種方法來(lái)提高學(xué)生的閱讀能力。

3. 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容繪圖或設(shè)計(jì)畫(huà)圖

如果文章的內(nèi)容是描述一個(gè)地方一個(gè)城市的位置,教師可讓學(xué)生根據(jù)內(nèi)容畫(huà)出這個(gè)地方的平面圖或這個(gè)城市的地圖,并標(biāo)出重要的地理位置。如果文章的人物繁多,場(chǎng)景變化多,教師也可指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在閱讀過(guò)程中,根據(jù)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)圖畫(huà),通過(guò)這種形式,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造能力和合理推測(cè)能力。

(作者單位:江蘇省溧水高級(jí)中學(xué) 211200)endprint

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