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(皖南醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院 弋磯山醫(yī)院 1.循證醫(yī)學(xué)教研室;2.神經(jīng)外科;3.腫瘤科,安徽 蕪湖 241001)
·臨床醫(yī)學(xué)·
調(diào)控人腦膠質(zhì)瘤中ezrin表達(dá)的miRNAs篩選及鑒定
徐小琳1,江海波2,盛莉莉3,葛瑞祥2,沈軍2,毛捷2
(皖南醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院 弋磯山醫(yī)院 1.循證醫(yī)學(xué)教研室;2.神經(jīng)外科;3.腫瘤科,安徽 蕪湖 241001)
目的:探討調(diào)控人腦膠質(zhì)瘤中ezrin的miRNAs篩選及鑒定。方法針對(duì)ezrin的測序序列,在線使用TargetScan、PITA、MicroRNA.org、miRGator v2.0、miRDB等5種生物信息學(xué)軟件預(yù)測分析可能調(diào)控ezrin的miRNA分子,運(yùn)用熒光素酶報(bào)告載體實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測篩選候選miRNA分子,RT-PCR檢測11例膠質(zhì)瘤組織和10例正常組織中候選miRNA分子mRNA的表達(dá)。結(jié)果5種生物信息學(xué)軟件預(yù)測出819個(gè)可能調(diào)控ezrin的miRNAs,根據(jù)評(píng)分結(jié)果同時(shí)結(jié)合目前國內(nèi)外研究成果篩選出miR-148a、-204、-205、-34b、-370、-376b、-377、-410、-495、-548a-3p、-630和-96等12個(gè)miRNAs。雙熒光素酶質(zhì)粒與ezrin 3′-UTR作用位點(diǎn)突變體實(shí)驗(yàn),證實(shí)hsa-miR-204與相應(yīng)作用位點(diǎn)突變體EZR 204 Mutant無明顯作用(P>0.05),RT-PCR結(jié)果顯示miR-204在腦膠質(zhì)瘤組織中的表達(dá)低于正常腦組織,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01)。結(jié)論膠質(zhì)瘤組織中miR-204可通過靶向調(diào)控ezrin表達(dá)發(fā)揮生物學(xué)作用。
miR-204;ezrin;膠質(zhì)瘤;熒光素酶報(bào)告載體;生物信息學(xué)
膠質(zhì)瘤是顱內(nèi)最常見的惡性腫瘤,占顱內(nèi)腫瘤的30%~40%,最新的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果表明,臨床上不論采用何種治療手段,膠質(zhì)母細(xì)胞瘤患者2年和5年生存率分別為27.2%和9.8%,平均生存期為14.6月[1]。目前,尋找有效的治療靶點(diǎn)是能否根治膠質(zhì)瘤的關(guān)鍵。前期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),ezrin在腫瘤中的表達(dá)水平與人腦膠質(zhì)瘤的惡性程度、復(fù)發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)移及預(yù)后密切相關(guān)[2]。然而,ezrin在膠質(zhì)瘤中過表達(dá)的機(jī)制仍不清楚。miRNA是內(nèi)源性非編碼小分子單鏈RNA,通過不完全互補(bǔ)的堿基配對(duì)方式與靶基因3′-UTR結(jié)合,能在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平調(diào)控基因表達(dá)。本研究擬采用生物信息學(xué)預(yù)測可能調(diào)控ezrin表達(dá)的miRNA分子,通過熒光素酶報(bào)告載體實(shí)驗(yàn)以及臨床樣本驗(yàn)證,鎖定可能調(diào)控的miRNA分子,為下一步的研究提供實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。
1.1 細(xì)胞、主要試劑和儀器 PCR儀(TAKARA公司);瓊脂糖凝膠電泳儀(Bio-Rad公司);分子凝膠成像系統(tǒng)(Kodak 4000MM P20);凝膠掃描分析系統(tǒng)(英國UVItec公司);人胚腎細(xì)胞HEK293T細(xì)胞株;miRNA的過表達(dá)質(zhì)粒pLMP(由pLL3.7質(zhì)粒改造成或miRNA mimics購買于上海吉碼公司);雙熒光素酶報(bào)告基因質(zhì)粒pLUC、大腸桿菌TOP10菌株、含miRNA表達(dá)或靶基因3′-UTR雙熒光素酶報(bào)告基因的質(zhì)粒菌株(深圳華安平康生物公司);小量質(zhì)粒提取試劑盒(OMEGA公司);轉(zhuǎn)染試劑FuGENE?HD(Roche公司);質(zhì)粒miR-204、376b、630 mimics、miR-204、376b、630 inhibitor(深圳華安平康生物公司);β-actin鼠抗人(武漢三鷹);Lipofectamine 2000轉(zhuǎn)染試劑(美國 Invitrogen公司);DNA(上海Sangon Biotech公司)。人腦膠質(zhì)瘤組織和因外傷切除的非腫瘤組織均來自我院中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室儲(chǔ)存的組織。
1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
1.2.1 可調(diào)控ezrin的miRNAs預(yù)測 我們在線運(yùn)用生物信息學(xué)軟件TargetScan、PI TA、microrna.org、miRGator v2.0、miRDB等5種軟件進(jìn)行預(yù)測,針對(duì)ezrin的測序序列(圖1),預(yù)測篩選出可能調(diào)控ezrin的候選miRNAs。
圖1 ezrin測序序列
1.2.2 分析候選miRNAs與靶基因ezrin3′-UTR配對(duì)結(jié)合位點(diǎn) 針對(duì)ezrin的測序序列和候選的miRNAs的堿基序列,比照分析候選miRNAs與靶基因ezrin 3′-UTR配對(duì)結(jié)合位點(diǎn)(表1)。
表1 miRNAs與靶基因ezrin 3′-UTR配對(duì)結(jié)合位點(diǎn)
1.2.3 雙熒光素酶活性檢測 將經(jīng)篩選確定的可能調(diào)控ezrin的候選miRNAs,構(gòu)建ezrin雙熒光素酶及miRNA前體表達(dá)質(zhì)粒,共轉(zhuǎn)293T細(xì)胞,檢測熒光素酶活性(按說明書操作)。
1.2.4 miR-204、-630、-376b及靶基因ezrin的3′-UTR雙熒光素酶報(bào)告基因質(zhì)粒構(gòu)建 利用PCR擴(kuò)增目的基因序列,并對(duì)擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行瓊脂糖凝膠電泳分離及膠回收片段(按說明書操作)。設(shè)計(jì)miR-204、-376b、-630及靶基因ezrin 3′-UTR引物(表2)。
表2 miR-204,-376b,-630及靶基因ezrin 3′-UTR引物
GeneForwardseq-primersReverseseq-primersezrin3'-UTRcacaactcgagCAGCCAGGCCAGGACCAAGGGCAGAtgaagatctTGCCTTTGCAAAGCTTTTATTTCATGmiR-204-mutTTAATTTCCCTAAGTTTTGTTCTGTCTTAGGGAAATTAAAACTAATGTTACmiR-630-mutTTTTTCTTATGATTGTACTTATACACAATCATAAGAAAAACTGTTAAGCmiR-376b-mutTTAATTAGATACTAGGATCCATCTTTGTCCTAGTATCTAATTAAAAAATCAAT
1.2.5 Real-time PCR檢測人腦膠質(zhì)瘤和正常組織中候選miRNAs的表達(dá) RNA的提取:按照RNA提取步驟進(jìn)行,用NanoDrop 2000超微量分光光度計(jì)測定RNA的純度和濃度,OD260/OD280比值控制在1.8~2.2;反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成 cDNA反應(yīng):使用 One Step PrimeScript miRNA cDNA Synthesis Kit 進(jìn)行反轉(zhuǎn)錄反應(yīng)(按說明書操作);檢測miRNAs相對(duì)表達(dá)量,以RNU-6為內(nèi)參照,采用2-△△Ct法計(jì)算相對(duì)表達(dá)量。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析 采用SPSS 18.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,兩組間差異比較采用t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 可調(diào)控ezrin的miRNAs預(yù)測結(jié)果 在線運(yùn)用5種生物信息學(xué)軟件預(yù)測出819個(gè)可能調(diào)控ezrin的miRNAs,其中3種以上軟件預(yù)測到可調(diào)控ezrin的miRNAs有34個(gè)(表3)。根據(jù)評(píng)分結(jié)果同時(shí)結(jié)合目前國內(nèi)外的研究成果進(jìn)行篩選,確定miR-148a、-204、-205、-346、-370、-376b、-377、-410、-495、-548a-3p、-630和 -96等12個(gè)miRNAs進(jìn)行候選驗(yàn)證。
2.2 雙熒光素酶活性檢測結(jié)果 將確定的hsa-miR-148a、-204、-205、-346、-370、-376b、-377、-410、-495、-548a-3p、-630和 -96等12個(gè)miRNAs,構(gòu)建ezrin雙熒光素酶及miRNA前體表達(dá)質(zhì)粒,共轉(zhuǎn)293T細(xì)胞,檢測雙熒光素酶活性。其中hsa-miR-204(0.082±0.006)、-376b(0.063±0.006)和-630(0.096±0.012)與對(duì)照組(0.133±0.002)相比活性下降,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=13.859,P=0.0002;t=19.624,P=0.0001;t=5.122,P=0.007)(圖2)。
表3 可調(diào)控ezrin的miRNAs預(yù)測結(jié)果
miRNA預(yù)測軟件預(yù)測軟件數(shù)量hsa-miR-495TPmi.orgmiRGmiR5hsa-miR-376bTPmi.orgmiRGmiR5hsa-miR-96TPmiRGmi.org4hsa-miR-643TPmiRGmiR4hsa-miR-630TPmiRGmiR4hsa-miR-548mTPmiRGmiR4hsa-miR-410TPmi.orgmiRG4hsa-miR-205TPmi.orgmiRG4hsa-miR-204TPmi.orgmiRG4hsa-miR-183TPmi.orgmiRG4hsa-miR-1323TPmi.orgmiR4hsa-miR-940TPmiRG3hsa-miR-663TPmiRG3hsa-miR-648TPmiR3hsa-miR-623TPmiRG3hsa-miR-595TPmiRG3hsa-miR-566TPmiRG3hsa-miR-548pTPmiR3hsa-miR-548c-3pTPmiR3hsa-miR-548a-3pTPmiR3hsa-miR-377TPmi.org3hsa-miR-370TPmiRG3hsa-miR-346TPmiRG3hsa-miR-338-3pTPmi.org3hsa-miR-300TPmiRG3hsa-miR-211Pmi.orgmiRG3hsa-miR-18bTPmi.org3hsa-miR-18aTPmi.org3hsa-miR-153TPmi.org3hsa-miR-148bTPmi.org3hsa-miR-148aTPmi.org3hsa-miR-1271Pmi.orgmiRG3
***P<0.001,**P<0.01。
圖2 雙熒光素酶活性檢測結(jié)果
2.3 hsa-miR-204、-376b和-630與ezrin 3′-UTR突變體克隆情況及作用位點(diǎn)結(jié)果 雙熒光素酶活性法與預(yù)測ezrin 3′-UTR相應(yīng)作用位點(diǎn)突變體檢測,均無明顯作用,說明miR-204、-376b和-630很可能通過預(yù)測的作用位點(diǎn)調(diào)控ezrin基因(圖3)。hsa-miR-204,-630和-376b的表達(dá)載體與含ezrin 204、630和376b Mutant基因片段的雙熒光素酶報(bào)告基因共轉(zhuǎn)染驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)相對(duì)于負(fù)對(duì)照(不含miRNA的空載體),差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.836、0.538、0.410)(圖4),同時(shí)熒光比值分別為負(fù)對(duì)照的97%、105%和108%。這一結(jié)果說明hsa-miR-204和630對(duì)ezrin 204 Mutant和630 Mutant的報(bào)告基因表達(dá)水平無抑制作用,hsa-miR-376b對(duì)ezrin 376b Mutant的基因表達(dá)水平基本無抑制作用。
圖3 miRNAs與靶基因ezrin 3′-UTR配對(duì)結(jié)合位點(diǎn)示意圖
圖4 miRNAs雙熒光素酶報(bào)告載體實(shí)驗(yàn)
2.4 RT-PCR檢測候選miRNAs在組織中表達(dá) 對(duì)11例膠質(zhì)瘤組織和10例正常腦組織檢測了hsa-miR-204表達(dá),觀察到hsa-miR-204在腦膠質(zhì)瘤組織中的表達(dá)低于正常腦組織,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(1.925±1.645vs. 5.500 ±3.057,t=3.383,P=0.003)(圖5),同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)hsa-miR-376b和-630在正常和膠質(zhì)瘤組織均能未檢測到表達(dá)。
**P<0.01。
圖5 RT-PCR檢測miR-204在組織中表達(dá)
miRNA是近年來發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種真核生物內(nèi)源性小分子單鏈RNA,長約15~25個(gè)核苷酸,是一類非編碼小RNA。miRNA分子通過不完全互補(bǔ)的方式與靶基因3′非編譯區(qū)(UTR)結(jié)合,通過誘導(dǎo)mRNA的切割降解、翻譯抑制或者其他形式的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制抑制靶基因的表達(dá),參與生物體的生長、發(fā)育、衰老、死亡全部過程的調(diào)控。目前為止人類基因組內(nèi)已發(fā)現(xiàn)的miRNA超過1000個(gè),可能調(diào)控著基因組內(nèi)約1/3以上基因表達(dá)[3-5]。尋找疾病發(fā)生、發(fā)展中關(guān)鍵miRNA分子及其靶基因鑒定已成為生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。
我們前期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),ezrin在人腦星形細(xì)胞瘤組織中的表達(dá)水平與腫瘤的惡性程度、復(fù)發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)移及預(yù)后呈正相關(guān),可以作為抗星形細(xì)胞瘤復(fù)發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)移的治療靶點(diǎn)[2]。為探索ezrin在膠質(zhì)瘤中表達(dá)失調(diào)的機(jī)制,我們針對(duì)ezrin基因序列,通過生物信息學(xué)預(yù)測可能調(diào)控其表達(dá)的miRNA分子,根據(jù)評(píng)分結(jié)果同時(shí)結(jié)合目前國內(nèi)外的研究成果進(jìn)行篩選,預(yù)測出hsa-miR-148a、-204、-205、-34b、-370、-376b、-377、-410、-495、-548a-3p、-630和 -96等12個(gè)miRNAs可能高度靶向調(diào)控ezrin基因的miRNA分子,通過熒光素酶報(bào)告載體實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)其中3個(gè)miRNAs即hsa-miR-376b、-204和-630相對(duì)于對(duì)照組熒光素酶活性下降,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01),提示其對(duì)ezrin的表達(dá)水平具有抑制作用,進(jìn)一步采用雙熒光素酶質(zhì)粒與ezrin 3′-UTR作用位點(diǎn)突變體共轉(zhuǎn)293T,證實(shí) hsa-miR-376b、-204和-630可直接結(jié)合ezrin 3′-UTR調(diào)控ezrin基因表達(dá)。我們進(jìn)一步檢測了11例膠質(zhì)瘤組織和10例正常腦組織hsa-miR-204表達(dá),觀察到miR-204在腦膠質(zhì)瘤組織中的表達(dá)低于正常腦組織,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01),同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)hsa-miR-376b和-630在正常和膠質(zhì)瘤組織均未能檢測到表達(dá)。綜合以上結(jié)果,我們推斷miRNA-204可能通過調(diào)控ezrin表達(dá)在惡性膠質(zhì)瘤發(fā)展過程中發(fā)揮重要作用。
目前有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,在肝癌[6-7]、胃癌[8-9]、胰腺癌[10]、腎透明細(xì)胞癌[11-12]、乳腺癌[13-14]、子宮內(nèi)膜癌[15]、腦膠質(zhì)瘤[16-17]等腫瘤組織中,miRNA-204表達(dá)水平均低于同一患者的正常組織中的水平,Lee等[18]在頭頸部鱗癌(HNSCC)細(xì)胞株中恢復(fù)miRNA-204的功能,發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)抑制其相關(guān)靶基因的表達(dá),推論出miRNA-204是一種具有腫瘤抑制作用的miRNA。從研究結(jié)果來看,miRNA-204在膠質(zhì)瘤組織中的表達(dá)低于非腫瘤組織,然而,作為抑癌基因,其調(diào)控ezrin表達(dá)的分子機(jī)制及其在惡性膠質(zhì)瘤中的具體作用仍有待下一步研究闡明。
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ScreeningandidentificationofmicroRNAstargetingezrininhumanglioma
XUXiaolin,JIANGHaibo,SHENGLili,GERuixiang,SHENJun,MAOJie
Department of Evidence-based Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241001,China
Objective:To screen and identify microRNAs targeting ezrin in human glioma.Methods:On-line software,including TargetScan,PITA,microrna.org,miRGator v2.0 and miRDB,were used to predict potential microRNAs capable of regulating ezrin expression. Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System was used to determine the luciferase activity of the candidate microRNA genes,and real-time PCR,to detect the mRNA values of the candidate microRNAs in the samples obtained from 11 cases of glioma and brain tissues from 10 healthy subjects.Results:The candidate microRNAs,including miR-148a,-204,-205,-34b,-370,-376b,-377,-410,-495,-548a-3p,-630 and -96 were selected from 819 potential microRNAs that were predicted to regulate the expression of ezrin. DNA constructs expressing the miRNA precursors were co-transfected with pLUC-ezrin 3′UTR,and the results indicated that only transfection with miR-204 expression vector significantly down-regulated the luciferase activity compared to transfection with an empty vector (P>0.05),whereas real-time PCR demonstrated that miR-204 expression was significantly lower than that in samples from non-gliomas samples(P<0.01).Conclusion:MiR-204 in human glioma can direct regulation of ezrin gene,yet correlation and mechanisms of the two proteins need further investigation.
microRNA-204;ezrin;glioma;luciferase reporter vector;bioinformatics
1002-0217(2017)05-0428-05
安徽省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(1408085MH205;1708085MH231);安徽省教育廳自然科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目(KJ2015A141)
2017-02-15
徐小琳(1973-),女,助理研究員,(電話)15056458756,(電子信箱)xxiaolin66@163.com;盛莉莉,女,副主任醫(yī)師,(電子信箱)13605535185@163.com,通信作者;毛 捷,男,副主任醫(yī)師,副教授,(電子信箱)myw921@163.com,通信作者。
R 739.41
A
10.3969/j.issn.1002-0217.2017.05.006