王甲濤,王雁冰,王 敏
(1.山東省日照市婦幼保健院婦產(chǎn)科,山東 日照276826;2.山東省日照市人民醫(yī)院,山東 日照 276826;3.中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)第四醫(yī)院,遼寧 沈陽110000)
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外周血Septin-9基因表達變化在評估卵巢上皮癌患者預(yù)后的意義
王甲濤1,王雁冰2,王敏3
(1.山東省日照市婦幼保健院婦產(chǎn)科,山東 日照276826;2.山東省日照市人民醫(yī)院,山東 日照 276826;3.中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)第四醫(yī)院,遼寧 沈陽110000)
目的探討卵巢上皮性癌患者外周血Septin-9基因表達變化及在評估患者預(yù)后中的意義。方法選取98例卵巢癌患者、27例卵巢交界性上皮性腫瘤、25例卵巢良性上皮腫瘤和50例健康體檢婦女(健康對照組),利用實時熒光定量PCR技術(shù)檢測患者外周血Septin-9基因表達,利用受試者工作特征曲線(ROC曲線)法評估患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量在診斷卵巢癌中的價值,以卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量P25值作為界值,將患者分為高表達組(n=73)和低表達組(n=25),利用Kaplan-Meier生存分析法分析患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量對患者生存時間的影響。結(jié)果卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量(1.47±0.32)顯著高于卵巢交界性上皮性腫瘤(1.21±0.25)、卵巢良性上皮腫瘤(1.23±0.27)和健康對照組(1.24±0.23),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(F=10.393,P<0.001);卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量與淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和遠處轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān)(P<0.05);ROC曲線分析顯示,外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量在區(qū)別卵巢癌患者時曲線下面積0.705(95%CI:0.633~0.778),當(dāng)ROC曲線界值為1.35時,靈敏度為71.4%,特異度為62.7%;Kaplan-Meier生存分析顯示,低表達組患者中位生存時間39.0個月,高表達組患者中位生存時間24.0個月,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=9.636,P=0.002)。結(jié)論Septin-9基因在卵巢癌患者外周血中呈高表達,可作為早期臨床診斷及判定患者預(yù)后的潛在指標(biāo)。
卵巢上皮性癌;外周血;Septin-9基因;預(yù)后
[Key words]epithelial ovarian cancer; peripheral blood; Septin-9 gene; prognosis
卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌)作為卵巢惡性腫瘤主要病理類型,約占卵巢惡性腫瘤的86%~90%[1],由于卵巢癌惡性程度高、侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移力強,多數(shù)患者確診時已處于晚期,雖然現(xiàn)有的治療手段已取得一定療效,但患者5年生存率依然較低,是病死率最高的婦科惡性腫瘤[2]。Septin-9作為一種腫瘤相關(guān)蛋白,具有細胞骨架GTP酶活性,在細胞分裂增殖過程中發(fā)揮重要作用[3],研究表明,Septin-9與乳腺癌、前列腺癌等多種惡性腫瘤發(fā)生及進展有關(guān)[4-5]。本研究擬利用實時熒光定量PCR技術(shù)檢測卵巢癌患者外周血Sptin-9基因表達變化,分析其與患者臨床病理特征之間的關(guān)系,探討其表達水平對患者預(yù)后的影響。
1.1一般資料
選取2010年2月至2012年2月在日照市婦幼保健院住院治療的卵巢癌患者98例,年齡22~74歲,平均年齡(58.3±10.2)歲,所有患者均經(jīng)病理學(xué)檢查確診,均未接受放化療治療。根據(jù)2014年國際婦產(chǎn)科聯(lián)盟(FIGO)分期標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Ⅰ期11例,Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲ期63例,Ⅳ期12例;病理學(xué)類型:漿液性囊腺癌72例,其他26例(黏液性癌16例,透明細胞癌6例,子宮內(nèi)膜樣腺癌4例);病理分級:34例為G1~G2,64例為G3;出現(xiàn)淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移28例,出現(xiàn)遠處轉(zhuǎn)移39例。所有研究對照隨訪至2015年2月28日,11例患者出現(xiàn)死亡。同期,選取卵巢交界性上皮性腫瘤27例,平均年齡(38.5±5.8)歲,卵巢良性上皮腫瘤25例,平均年齡(44.8±8.3)歲,以及健康體檢婦女50例作為健康對照組,平均年齡(45.8±8.6)歲。本研究通過醫(yī)院倫理委員會批準(zhǔn),所有研究對象均行知情同意。
1.2方法
1.2.1血標(biāo)本采集及處理
所有研究對象均留取晨起空腹靜脈血6mL,30min內(nèi)于4℃條件下,1 500g離心力下離心15min,取上層血漿分裝保存于-80℃冰箱以備檢。
1.2.2利用實時熒光定量PCR技術(shù)檢測患者外周血Septin-9基因表達
使用Trizol總RNA提取試劑盒(購自美國Invitrogen 公司)對血漿中總RNA進行提取,用紫外分光光度計(購自上海譜元儀器有限公司)檢測RNA純度,取A260/A280≥1.80樣本完成后續(xù)實驗操作。利用逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒(購自美國Promiga公司)將RNA逆轉(zhuǎn)錄為第一模板鏈cDNA,以cDNA為模板利用PCR試劑盒(購自寶生物工程(大連)有限公司)完成PCR。Septin-9基因序列及內(nèi)參引物均由上海生工公司設(shè)計合成,引物序列分別為:Septin-9基因:上游:5'-CAGAGCG ̄GCTTGGGTAAATCC-3',下游:5'-CTCCTCAATATC ̄GTGCGTGATGG-3';β-actin引物:上游:5'-CCGGGACCTG ̄ACTGACTACCTC-3',下游:5'-TGCTGTCGCCTTCACC ̄GTTC-3'。PCR反應(yīng)條件:94℃ 60s,92℃ 45s,56℃ 30s,74℃ 30s,連續(xù)進行38個循環(huán),每個樣品均設(shè)置3個平行反應(yīng)復(fù)孔。以內(nèi)參為參照,用2-△△Ct法計算外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量。
1.3統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法
2.1不同研究對象外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量比較
卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量(1.47±0.32),顯著高于卵巢交界性上皮性腫瘤(1.21±0.25)、卵巢良性上皮腫瘤(1.23±0.27)和健康對照組(1.24±0.23),差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(F=10.393,P<0.001),而卵巢交界性上皮性腫瘤、卵巢良性上皮腫瘤和健康對照組患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量無差異(F=2.163,P=0.120)。
2.2卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量與臨床病理特征之間的關(guān)系
卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量與年齡、腫瘤家族史、病理類型、病理分級、病理分期無關(guān)(P>0.05),而與淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和遠處轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān)(P<0.05),見表1。
指標(biāo)例數(shù)(n)Septin-9mRNA表達量tP年齡(歲)0.0240.490 ≥55471.44±0.29 <55511.49±0.35腫瘤家族史0.0400.484 有321.46±0.30 無661.48±0.34病理類型1.2800.102 漿液性721.43±0.27 其他261.51±0.41病理分級1.3830.085 G1~G2341.45±0.31 G3641.50±0.38病理分期1.5740.062 Ⅰ~Ⅱ期231.42±0.31 Ⅲ~Ⅳ期751.49±0.36淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移3.7580.000 有281.57±0.33 無701.32±0.30遠處轉(zhuǎn)移5.9670.000 有391.61±0.36 無591.28±0.26
2.3外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量在診斷卵巢癌中的價值
ROC曲線分析顯示,外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量在區(qū)別卵巢癌患者時曲線下面積0.705(95%CI:0.633~0.778),當(dāng)ROC曲線界值為1.35時,靈敏度為71.4%,特異度為62.7%,見圖1。
2.4卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量對患者預(yù)后的影響
以卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量P25值1.25作為界值,將患者分為高表達組(n=73)和低表達組(n=25),Kaplan-Meier生存分析顯示,低表達組患者中位生存時間39.0個月,高表達組患者中位生存時間24.0個月,Log-Rank檢驗顯示,兩組患者生存時間差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=9.636,P=0.002),見圖2。
圖1外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量在診斷卵巢癌中的價值
Fig.1Value of the expression levels of Septin-9 mRNA in diagnosis of ovarian cancer
圖2不同Septin-9 mRNA表達量水平的卵巢癌患者生存時間的Kaplan-Meier生存曲線
Fig.2Kaplan-Meier survival curves of the survival time of ovarian cancer patients with different expression levels of Septin-9 mRNA
3.1 Septin-9基因在卵巢癌患者外周血中呈高表達
卵巢癌患者由于早期缺乏典型臨床癥狀,且腫瘤易發(fā)生侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移,約超過2/3的患者臨床確診時已處于晚期,導(dǎo)致患者預(yù)后不佳,病死率較高[6]。目前,該腫瘤病因不明,發(fā)生機制尚未完全清楚,因此,積極尋找早期有效、敏感腫瘤標(biāo)志物以早期確診患者對改善預(yù)后具有重要意義。Septin-9基因可編碼Septin-9蛋白而參與多項生物學(xué)功能,定位于人17q25.3染色體中,而該染色體區(qū)段常在散發(fā)性卵巢癌及乳腺癌發(fā)生時出現(xiàn)雜合性丟失[7],有研究指出,Septin-9在多種惡性腫瘤中出現(xiàn)異常表達,參與調(diào)控腫瘤發(fā)生過程[8]。亦有研究表明,Septin-9在結(jié)腸癌患者血漿中表達上調(diào),可作用患者早期診斷的標(biāo)志物[9]。mRNA作為具有多種生物學(xué)功能的小分子RNA,可穩(wěn)定存在于外周血中,不易受外界條件的干擾,已被用于多種惡性腫瘤早期診斷指標(biāo)[10]。本研究利用實時熒光定量PCR技術(shù)檢測卵巢癌患者外周血中Septin-9基因表達,結(jié)果顯示,卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量顯著高于卵巢交界性上皮性腫瘤、卵巢良性上皮腫瘤和健康對照組,說明Septin-9在卵巢癌患者外周血中表達升高,可能是潛在的卵巢癌血漿腫瘤標(biāo)志物。
3.2外周血中Septin-9基因表達可作為潛在的卵巢癌血漿腫瘤診斷標(biāo)志物
新近的研究表明,Septin-9基因可能作為潛在的原癌基因而參與腫瘤發(fā)生及進展過程[11]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量與淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和遠處轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān)(P<0.05),發(fā)生淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和遠處轉(zhuǎn)移的卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量升高,提示Septin-9基因可能參與了卵巢癌侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移過程,與呂訥男等[12]研究結(jié)論相同。ROC曲線分析顯示,外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量在區(qū)別卵巢癌患者時曲線下面積0.705(95%CI:0.633~0.778),當(dāng)ROC曲線界值為1.35時,靈敏度為71.4%,特異度為62.7%,提示外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量可作為潛在的卵巢癌血漿腫瘤診斷標(biāo)志物。
3.3外周血中Septin-9基因表達可作為預(yù)測卵巢癌患者預(yù)后的指標(biāo)
在分析Septin-9基因表達對卵巢癌患者預(yù)后的影響時,以卵巢癌患者外周血Septin-9 mRNA表達量P25值1.25作為界值,將患者分為高表達組和低表達組,結(jié)果顯示,低表達組患者中位生存時間長于高表達組,說明Septin-9基因在卵巢癌患者外周血表達水平與患者預(yù)后密切相關(guān),可作為預(yù)測患者預(yù)后的參考指標(biāo)。
綜上所述,卵巢癌患者外周血中Septin-9基因呈高表達,與卵巢癌淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和遠處轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān),可作為早期臨床診斷及判定患者預(yù)后的潛在指標(biāo)。
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[專業(yè)責(zé)任編輯: 張冠軍]
Significance of expression changes of Septin-9 gene in peripheral blood in assessing prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
WANG Jia-tao1, WANG Yan-bing2, WANG Min3
(1.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Child Health Hospital of Rizhao City, Shandong Rizhao 276826, China;2. People’s Hospital of Rizhao City, Shandong Rizhao 276826, China;3. The Fourth Affliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Shenyang 110000, China)
Objective To investigate the expression changes of Septin-9 gene in peripheral blood of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and their significance in assessing prognosis. Methods Ninety-eight cases of ovarian cancer, 27 cases of borderline ovarian tumors, 25 cases of benign epithelial ovarian cancer and 50 healthy women (healthy control group) were selected. The expressions of Septin-9 gene in peripheral blood of patients were detected by using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The value of the expressions of Septin-9 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer was analyzed by using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). With the P25 value of the expression level of Septin-9 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer being the dividing value, the patients were divided into high expression group (n=73) and low expression group (n=25). The effects of the expression of Septin-9 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients on their survival time were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival method. Results The expression level of Septin-9 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer was 1.47±0.32,It was significantly higher than that of patients with borderline ovarian epithelial tumors, those with benign epithelial ovarian tumor and the healthy control group, which was 1.21±0.25, 1.23±0.27 and 1.24±0.23, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (F=10.939,P<0.001). The expression level of Septin-9 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer was related to lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the expression level of Septin-9 mRNA in peripheral blood in distinguishing ovarian cancer was 0.705 (95%CI: 0.633-0.778). When the dividing value of the ROC curve was 1.35, the sensitivity was 71.4% and the specificity was 62.7%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median survival time was 39.0 months in the low expression group and 24.0 month in the high expression group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=9.636,P=0.002). Conclusion Septin-9 gene is highly expressed in peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer. It might be used as a potential indicator for early clinical diagnosis and determining the prognosis.
2016-03-02
遼寧省自然科學(xué)基金資助項目2013021040
王甲濤(1975-),女,主治醫(yī)師,主要從事婦科腫瘤的臨床規(guī)范化治療工作。
王敏,副主任醫(yī)師。
10.3969/j.issn.1673-5293.2016.08.009
R737.31
A
1673-5293(2016)08-0930-03