童東錫 何 潔
桂林醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬醫(yī)院藥學(xué)部,廣西 桂林 541001
土木賊不同部位水提取物利尿作用的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
童東錫 何 潔
桂林醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬醫(yī)院藥學(xué)部,廣西 桂林 541001
目的:探討土木賊不同部位水提取物對(duì)小鼠的利尿作用差異。方法:把小鼠隨機(jī)分為正常對(duì)照組、呋塞米組陽(yáng)性對(duì)照組(3mg·kg-1)、土木賊根、節(jié)、節(jié)間、尾梢低、中、高劑量組(按生藥量計(jì)10、20、30g·kg-1),采用代謝籠法,觀察給藥后5h總尿量。結(jié)果:土木賊根、節(jié)對(duì)小鼠的尿量無(wú)明顯影響,節(jié)間、尾梢對(duì)小鼠的尿量有影響 (P<0.05),其中節(jié)間低、中、高3個(gè)劑量組對(duì)小鼠尿量均有顯著影響 (P<0.01)。結(jié)論:土木賊根、節(jié)對(duì)小鼠無(wú)利尿作用,而節(jié)間和尾梢對(duì)小鼠均有利尿作用,其中土木賊節(jié)間對(duì)小鼠的利尿作用顯著。
土木賊;不同部位;水提取物;利尿作用
土木賊為木賊科植物筆管草Equisetum debile Roxb.的全草或根。味微苦、性涼,具有利濕清熱、明目等功效。主治目赤脹痛,翳膜胬肉,急性黃疸型肝炎,淋病,浮腫等。根則用于治婦人赤白帶下,破血積,通月經(jīng),止大腸下血等。藥理研究方面,僅見(jiàn)土木賊乙醇及水提取物對(duì)大鼠及兔高脂血癥的降脂作用方面的報(bào)道。而土木賊為民間常用中草藥,其利尿祛濕功效較佳,故本文開(kāi)展相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1.1 儀器 HANGPING FA 2004電子分析天平(上海精研天平),小鼠代謝籠。
1.2 試藥 土木賊自采于桂林市臨桂縣六塘鄉(xiāng)船嶺村,藥材經(jīng)桂林醫(yī)學(xué)院藥學(xué)院天然藥物化學(xué)教研室唐愛(ài)蓮副教授鑒定為筆管草Equisetum debile Roxb.的干燥全草,呋塞米片(江蘇亞邦愛(ài)普森藥業(yè)有限公司,批號(hào):1208090)。
1.3 動(dòng)物 SPF級(jí)昆明小鼠,♀♂各半,體重(19±2)g,由桂林醫(yī)學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心提供,動(dòng)物生產(chǎn)許可證號(hào)SCXK(桂)2007-0001。
2.1 藥物制備 先把整株的土木賊分剪為根(地下部分)、節(jié)(節(jié)上、下0.2mm)、節(jié)間、尾梢(直徑<2mm)4部分并分別粉碎成粗粉。分別稱取150g粗粉,第1次用10倍量水加熱提取40min,第2次用3倍量水再提取30min,合并提取液,濃縮至75ml,冷藏備用。
2.2 土木賊對(duì)小鼠利尿作用的影響 選取健康昆明小鼠,♀♂各半,隨機(jī)分為正常對(duì)照組 (蒸餾水),陽(yáng)性對(duì)照組(呋塞米3mg·kg-1),土木賊根、節(jié)、節(jié)間、尾梢水提取物低、中、高劑量(10、20、30g·kg-1)組,每組10只。灌胃給藥,給藥容量為20m l·kg-1。空白對(duì)照組給予等容量蒸餾水。給藥前2天,每天各鼠用蒸餾水灌胃做水負(fù)荷2次,間隔3h,灌胃容量為20ml·kg-1,30min后各給藥組以20ml·kg-1灌胃相應(yīng)的藥物,空白對(duì)照組給予等容量蒸餾水,將小鼠放入代謝籠內(nèi),給藥后每隔1h分別收集尿液并稱重1次,共5次,累加后作為給藥后5h的總尿量。
2.3 數(shù)據(jù)處理 用SPSS15.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件處理數(shù)據(jù),數(shù)據(jù)以x+s表示,統(tǒng)計(jì)采用組間對(duì)照進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn),P<0.05具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
土木賊不同部位水提取物對(duì)小鼠利尿作用的影響:與空白組比較,土木賊根、節(jié)的水提取物對(duì)小鼠給藥后5h的總尿量無(wú)顯著影響 (P>0.05),其中土木賊根組的小鼠總尿量稍有減少,而土木賊節(jié)間、尾梢水提取物對(duì)小鼠給藥后5h的總尿量均有增加(P<0.05),其中土木賊節(jié)間組小鼠尿量增加尤為明顯,低、中、高3個(gè)劑量組小鼠尿量都有顯著增加(P<0.01),結(jié)果見(jiàn)表1。
The Experimental Research on Action of Promoting Urinating at Different Positions by Extracting of W ater in Frail Horsetail Herb.
TONG Dong-xi,HE Jie
(Department of Pharmacology,The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College,Guangxi Guilin 541001,China)
Objective:To investigate the action of promoting urinating ofmouse at different positions by extracting ofwater in frail horsetail herb.M ethod:Mice had been divided randomly into the blank control group,F(xiàn)urosemide positive control group(3 mg· kg-1),the groups of low,middle,high dosages in root,joint,internode and end of pin of frail horsetail herb(they were separately divided into 10,20,30 g·kg-1according to the amounts of crude drug).Then we had adopted themethod ofmetabolism in cage to observe the total amounts of urinate after administration for five hours.Results:The rootand jointof frail horsetail herb have no obvious influence on the amountof urinate inmice.And the internode and the end of pin of frail horsetail herb have effecton the amountof urinate inmouse(P<0.05).The groups of low,middle,high dosages in internode have remarkable affects the amountof urinate in mice(P<0.01).Conclusion:The root and joint of frail horsetail herb have no action of promoting urinating tomice,and the internode and the end of pin of frail horsetail herb both have action of promoting urinating tomice,and internode has remarkable effect on promoting urinating tomice.
Frail horsetail herb;different positions;extracting of water;action of promoting urinating
R282.6
A
1007-8517(2013)08-0018-02
童東錫,本科,主管中藥師,研究方向:臨床中藥研究,Email:tongdongxi@sina.com。