摘要:目的" "探討TRPC1在食管胃結(jié)合部腺癌(AEG)中的表達(dá)情況及其與患者臨床病理特征、腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境的關(guān)系。方法選取2017年8月-2022年7月汕頭大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科接收的AEG標(biāo)本83例,以及27例正常胃黏膜組織。采用免疫組化檢測(cè)AEG患者腫瘤組織和正常胃黏膜組織TRPC1的表達(dá);分析TRPC1在腫瘤組織和正常胃黏膜組織表達(dá)的差異及其與臨床病理特征及腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境的關(guān)系。結(jié)果" AEG患者正常胃黏膜組織有不同程度TRPC1表達(dá),腫瘤組織TRPC1存在異常表達(dá);83例患者TRPC1表達(dá)的H評(píng)分均值為84,其中低表達(dá)TRPC1有50例(60.24%),高表達(dá)TRPC1有33例(39.76%)。TRPC1表達(dá)與患者性別、年齡、病理T分期、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、神經(jīng)侵犯、脈管侵犯、組織學(xué)分化程度、免疫指標(biāo)均無(wú)相關(guān)性(P>0.05);Spearman等級(jí)相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)分析顯示,TRPC1表達(dá)與CD8、CD163、LAG-3均無(wú)相關(guān)性(P>0.05),但CD8與LAG-3呈負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.226,P=0.040)。結(jié)論" AEG中TRPC1的異常表達(dá)與患者臨床病理特征、腫瘤浸潤(rùn)淋巴細(xì)胞均無(wú)相關(guān)性。
關(guān)鍵詞:食管胃結(jié)合部腺癌;TRPC1;腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R735.1" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2024.18.011
文章編號(hào):1006-1959(2024)18-0065-05
Abstract:Objective" To investigate the expression of TRPC1 in adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) and its relationship with clinicopathological features and tumor immune microenvironment.Methods" A total of 83 AEG specimens and 27 normal gastric mucosa tissues were selected from the Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from August 2017 to July 2022. The expression of TRPC1 in tumor tissues and normal gastric mucosa tissues of AEG patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. The difference of TRPC1 expression between tumor tissues and normal gastric mucosa tissues and its relationship with clinicopathological features and tumor immune microenvironment were analyzed.Results" TRPC1 was expressed in different degrees in normal gastric mucosa tissues of AEG patients, and abnormal expression of TRPC1 was found in tumor tissues. The mean H score of TRPC1 expression in 83 patients was 84, including 50 cases (60.24%) with low expression of TRPC1 and 33 cases (39.76%) with high expression of TRPC1. The expression of TRPC1 was not correlated with gender, age, pathological T stage, lymph node metastasis, nerve invasion, vascular invasion, histological differentiation and immune index (Pgt;0.05). Spearman rank correlation test showed that TRPC1 expression was not correlated with CD8, CD163 and LAG-3 (Pgt;0.05), but CD8 was negatively correlated with LAG-3 (r=-0.226, P=0.040).Conclusion" The abnormal expression of TRPC1 in adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction is not related to clinicopathological features and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
Key words:Adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction;TRPC1;Tumor immune microenvironment
作為T(mén)RP蛋白超家族成員之一的瞬時(shí)受體電位陽(yáng)離子通道亞家族C成員1(TRPC1),在大多數(shù)組織中普遍表達(dá)[1]。TRPC1的異常表達(dá)與各種癌癥的發(fā)展相關(guān),包括乳腺癌[2, 3]、胰腺癌[4]、肝癌[5]、結(jié)腸癌[6]、膠質(zhì)母細(xì)胞瘤[7]、肺癌[8]和甲狀腺癌[9]等。本團(tuán)隊(duì)前期研究顯示[10, 11],TRPC1在乳腺癌、食管鱗狀細(xì)胞癌中異常表達(dá)。然而,關(guān)于TRPC1在食管胃結(jié)合部癌(adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction, AEG)的表達(dá)情況研究較少。基于此,本研究旨在探討TRPC1在AEG中的表達(dá)情況及其與患者臨床病理特征、腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境的關(guān)系,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1資料來(lái)源" 選取2017年8月-2022年7月汕頭大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科接收的AEG標(biāo)本83例,以及27例正常胃黏膜組織。正常胃黏膜組織取材方法[12]:距離癌癥病變邊緣5 cm以上的切緣。
1.2方法" 試劑:濃縮型Anti-TRPC1山羊多克隆抗體(ab110837)購(gòu)于英國(guó)Abcam公司;即用型快捷免疫組化MaxVision TM試劑盒(兔抗羊IgG)(Kit-5107)、DAB顯色試劑盒(DAB-0031)購(gòu)于福州邁新生物技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)有限公司。所有標(biāo)本均采用10%中性緩沖福爾馬林固定,石蠟包埋,3 μm連續(xù)切片,65 ℃烤片1 h,二甲苯Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ各10 min,無(wú)水乙醇、95%酒精、75%酒精、蒸餾水各2 min,PBS洗3×3 min,抗原修復(fù)(EDTA熱修復(fù)),室溫冷卻,PBS洗3×3 min,一抗4 ℃孵育過(guò)夜,PBS洗3×3 min,二抗室溫孵育15 min,PBS洗 3×3 min,DAB顯色5 min,流水終止顯色,蘇木素復(fù)染。用PBS代替一抗作為陰性對(duì)照,用已知的陽(yáng)性組織作為陽(yáng)性對(duì)照。
1.3結(jié)果判讀" TRPC1蛋白主要在細(xì)胞漿/膜中表達(dá)。采用半定量H評(píng)分法[13, 14]進(jìn)行評(píng)分,該方法同時(shí)考慮了染色強(qiáng)度和該強(qiáng)度下細(xì)胞的百分比。在高倍鏡(×400)下隨機(jī)選擇10個(gè)視野,將特異性染色強(qiáng)度評(píng)分為0分無(wú)色、1分為淡黃色、2分為棕黃色、3分為棕褐色;計(jì)數(shù)染色細(xì)胞所占百分比(每個(gè)強(qiáng)度染色的細(xì)胞數(shù)/每個(gè)區(qū)域的細(xì)胞總數(shù))。應(yīng)用公式:H評(píng)分=(強(qiáng)度類(lèi)別1×1染色細(xì)胞的百分比)+(強(qiáng)度類(lèi)別2×2染色細(xì)胞的百分比)+(強(qiáng)度類(lèi)別3×3染色細(xì)胞的百分比)。H評(píng)分在0~300,當(dāng)100%的腫瘤細(xì)胞染色強(qiáng)度為3分時(shí),即獲得300的H評(píng)分。
1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法" 應(yīng)用SPSS 24.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,計(jì)量資料以(x±s)表示,采用t檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料以[n(%)]表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn);Spearman等級(jí)相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)分析TRPC1表達(dá)與CD8、CD163、LAG-3的關(guān)系。P值均采用雙側(cè)檢驗(yàn),P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1 TRPC1在AEG患者正常胃黏膜組織中的表達(dá)" 27例AEG患者正常胃黏膜組織均存在不同程度的TRPC1表達(dá),見(jiàn)圖1。
2.2 TRPC1在AEG患者腫瘤組織中的表達(dá)" TRPCI蛋白主要表達(dá)于細(xì)胞漿/膜,采用半定量H評(píng)分法評(píng)估AEG患者腫瘤組織的TRPC1表達(dá),83例患者TRPC1表達(dá)的H評(píng)分均值為84,將TRPC1 H評(píng)分<84定義為低表達(dá),將TRPC1 H評(píng)分≥84定義為高表達(dá),其中低表達(dá)TRPC1有50例(60.24%),高表達(dá)TRPC1有33例(39.76%),見(jiàn)圖2。
2.3 TRPC1在AEG患者正常胃黏膜組織和腫瘤組織中表達(dá)的差異" 通過(guò)對(duì)27例AEG患者的正常胃黏膜組織和其腫瘤組織的TRPC1表達(dá)進(jìn)行比較,其中12例患者的腫瘤組織TRPC1表達(dá)比其正常胃黏膜組織的表達(dá)強(qiáng),而有15例患者的腫瘤組織TRPC1表達(dá)比其正常胃黏膜組織的表達(dá)弱,見(jiàn)圖3。
2.4 TRPC1表達(dá)與AEG患者腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境的關(guān)系" 采用Spearman等級(jí)相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)分析TRPC1表達(dá)與CD8、CD163、LAG-3的相關(guān)性,結(jié)果顯示TRPC1表達(dá)與CD8、CD163、LAG-3均無(wú)相關(guān)性(P>0.05),但CD8與LAG-3呈負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.226,P=0.040),見(jiàn)圖4。
2.5 TRPC1表達(dá)與AEG患者臨床病理特征的關(guān)系" TRPC1表達(dá)與患者性別、年齡、病理T分期、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、神經(jīng)侵犯、脈管侵犯、組織學(xué)分化程度、免疫指標(biāo)均無(wú)相關(guān)性(P>0.05),見(jiàn)表1。
3討論
雖然我國(guó)胃癌的發(fā)病率逐年緩慢下降,但食管胃結(jié)合部(esophagogastric junction, EGJ)腫瘤的發(fā)病率卻有逐年上升趨勢(shì)[15]。EGJ腫瘤主要有腺癌和鱗狀細(xì)胞癌。AEG是指腫瘤中心位于EGJ上、下 5 cm內(nèi)且累及EGJ的腺癌,其位置特殊,預(yù)后差且發(fā)病率在世界范圍內(nèi)呈逐年上升趨勢(shì)[16]。不少文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道TRPC1在多種腫瘤細(xì)胞或組織中普遍表達(dá),并且提出TRPC1的異常表達(dá)與腫瘤的增殖和侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移等密切相關(guān)。本團(tuán)隊(duì)前期也發(fā)現(xiàn)[11],食管鱗狀細(xì)胞癌中TRPC1表達(dá)下調(diào),低表達(dá)患者的預(yù)后更差。且TRPC1的表達(dá)在雌激素受體陽(yáng)性(ER+)和陰性(ER-)乳腺癌之間存在差異,在管腔A和管腔B亞型患者中,TRPC1表達(dá)高的患者預(yù)后較好,而在基底樣和三陰性乳腺癌(TNBC)亞型中其對(duì)預(yù)后的影響卻相反[17]。
本研究檢測(cè)了27例AEG患者正常胃黏膜組織及腫瘤組織的TRPC1表達(dá),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)27例患者的正常胃黏膜組織均有不同程度的TRPC1表達(dá),同時(shí)患者的腫瘤組織中TRPC1存在異常表達(dá)。但在研究的83例AEG患者中,TRPC1的表達(dá)與患者性別、年齡、病理T分期、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、神經(jīng)侵犯、脈管侵犯、組織學(xué)分化程度、免疫指標(biāo)均無(wú)相關(guān)性(P>0.05)。免疫細(xì)胞作為腫瘤免疫微環(huán)境(tumor immune microenvironment, TIME)的主要組成部分,在腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展、治療以及預(yù)后中起重要的作用。研究表明[17],TIME中不同免疫細(xì)胞的比例可用于癌癥監(jiān)測(cè)、預(yù)后及治療反應(yīng)的評(píng)估。腫瘤浸潤(rùn)C(jī)D8+T淋巴細(xì)(CD8+TILs)是參與抗腫瘤細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答機(jī)制的主要效應(yīng)細(xì)胞,在腫瘤免疫穩(wěn)態(tài)中扮演著重要角色[18]。CD163是M2型巨噬細(xì)胞特異性的分子標(biāo)志物,M2型巨噬細(xì)胞又被稱為腫瘤相關(guān)巨噬細(xì)胞(tumor-associated macrophages, TAM),其通過(guò)分泌多種細(xì)胞因子、趨化因子和蛋白酶,促進(jìn)腫瘤生長(zhǎng)、轉(zhuǎn)移及血管和淋巴管生成。淋巴細(xì)胞激活基因3(lymphocyte activation gene-3, LAG-3, CD223)是另一個(gè)較新的免疫檢查點(diǎn),對(duì)淋巴細(xì)胞具有抑制作用[19]。本研究采用Spearman等級(jí)相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)分析TRPC1表達(dá)與CD8、CD163、LAG-3的相關(guān)性,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)TRPC1表達(dá)與CD8、CD163、LAG-3均無(wú)相關(guān)行(P>0.05),而CD8與LAG-3呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系(r=-0.226,P=0.040),提示LAG-3通過(guò)與配體結(jié)合,抑制T淋巴細(xì)胞的激活,進(jìn)而抑制T淋巴細(xì)胞的抗腫瘤作用[20,21]。
綜上所述,AEG中TRPC1的異常表達(dá)與患者臨床病理特征、腫瘤浸潤(rùn)淋巴細(xì)胞均無(wú)相關(guān)性。但因本研究入組標(biāo)本數(shù)量有限,后期團(tuán)隊(duì)將擴(kuò)大入組人群數(shù)量,并從細(xì)胞學(xué)層面進(jìn)一步研究。
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收稿日期:2023-09-19;修回日期:2023-10-04
編輯/杜帆
基金項(xiàng)目:1.市醫(yī)學(xué)科技人才培訓(xùn)及臨床技術(shù)提升計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):汕府科〔2019﹞106號(hào));2.汕頭大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬腫瘤醫(yī)院院內(nèi)青年科研基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):2020A009)
作者簡(jiǎn)介:黃少敏(1984.4-),女,廣東饒平縣人,???,主管技師,主要從事免疫組化檢測(cè)技術(shù)的研究
通訊作者:曾蕓珠(1983.2-),女,廣東汕頭人,碩士,主管技師,主要從事腫瘤分子病理的研究