原創(chuàng)試題（一）

D

Technology bosses who fail to protect children online face up to two years in prison after 40 Tory MPs backed plans for a new law.

With great support for an amendment（修正案）to the Online Safety Bill from a few figures of authority,which would enable senior managers to be put to prison if they willfully or neglectfully fail to carry out their duties to children, the MPs are forcing Downing Street to take the amendment seriously.Similar laws were passed in Ireland last month.

At present, the bill has criminal sanctions（制裁）for managers—but only if they fail to cooperate with Ofcom, the regulator—and fines of up to 10 percent of a company’s global income for failures to protect children online.MPs and campaigners believe these are not a serious enough deterrent to protect children online or to prevent a repeat of the Molly Russell tragedy.Under the bill, a company should ensure children do not encounter pornography（色情描寫）or content promoting self-harm, eating disorders and suicide.The companies must use technology to identify the age of people using the platform.The measure is due to be voted on at report stage on Jan.17th 2023, after which the process of making and passing laws will move on to the Lords.

However, Monica Horten, the policy manager at Open Rights Group, which defends human rights online, warned:“Does this turn Britain into an authoritarian state? One that would put people in prison, not for what they’ve written, but...for what other people are writing and other people’s misuse of the system.I think that for parliament（議會）to be just nodding this through with no debate would be morally wrong and deserving criticism.”

No 10 said,“Our aim is to hold to account social media platforms for harmful content, while also ensuring the UK remains a great place to invest and grow a tech business.We are confident we can achieve both of these things.”

1.Which of the following is true about the new law?

A.The amendment to the Online Safety Bill has gained support from all people.

B.Similar laws were passed in Ireland last month,so they will be in Britain.

C.Up to 10 percent of a company’s global income will be fined for failures soon.

D.Senior managers could face a more serious sanction once the law comes into effect.

2.Which word could take the place of the underlined word“deterrent”in Para.3?

A.Bill.B.Crackdown.

C.Fine.D.Failure.

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.Molly Russell was a sufferer exposed to unsafe online environment.

B.This new law would turn Britain into an authoritarian state.

C.Parliament will encounter severe criticism for nodding the new law through.

D.No 10 totally approves of the amendment and will struggle for it.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Prison threat for online harm to children.

B.An amendment to the Online Safety Bill.

C.The UK aiming to further deter technology bosses.

D.Opinions on a new law protecting children online.

【解析】

語篇類型：新聞報道

主題語境：人與社會

行文脈絡：

第一段：新聞的導語，說明本則新聞的最主要信息為：在四十名保守黨國會議員提出的新法案生效后，科技行業(yè)的老板們將面臨最長兩年的收監(jiān)，如果沒有在線上履行好保護孩子們的義務。

第二段：新聞的背景。這個新法案得到了一些有影響力的人的支持，政府也被迫對此認真考慮。

第三段：新聞的主體。說明了提出新法案的原因，描述了新法案對科技行業(yè)公司的新要求以及該法案的推進進程。

第四段：外界對該法案的觀點。

第五段：政府對該法案的回應。

核心素養(yǎng)：

引導關(guān)注社會生活各方面的發(fā)展，思考和解決現(xiàn)實中存在的問題，樹立理想信念，形成正確的價值觀。

1.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“At present, the bill has criminal sanctions（ 制 裁）for managers—but only if they fail to cooperate with Ofcom,the regulator—and fines of up to 10 percent of a company’s global income for failures to protect children online.MPs and campaigners believe these are not a serious enough deterrent to protect children online or to prevent a repeat of the Molly Russell tragedy.”可知，現(xiàn)階段公司管理人員只有在不配合監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的情況下才會面臨罰款，而新法案的發(fā)起人認為這個震懾手段不夠有力。再結(jié)合第二段“...would enable senior managers to be put to prison...”可知，在新法案生效后，公司管理人員將面臨更嚴肅的制裁。

2.B 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)語境“MPs and campaigners believe these are not a serious enough deterrent to protect children online or to prevent a repeat of the Molly Russell tragedy.”中的指示代詞“these”可知deterrent 是對上文中的某些事物的近義表達。結(jié)合上文“At present, the bill has criminal sanctions（制裁）for managers—but only if they fail to cooperate with Ofcom, the regulator—and fines of up to 10 percent of a company’s global income for failures to protect children online.”可知，deterrent 指的是現(xiàn)階段法案對管理者的制裁，因此選擇B 項。

3.A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“MPs and campaigners believe these are not a serious enough deterrent to protect children online or to prevent a repeat of the Molly Russell tragedy.”并結(jié)合下文“Under the bill, a company should ensure children do not encounter pornography（色情描寫）or content promoting self-harm, eating disorders and suicide.”可知，Molly Russell 在網(wǎng)上沒有受到很好的保護，并釀成了悲劇。

4.A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段新聞的導語可知，本文主要講的是新法案的通過將使科技行業(yè)的老板們面臨最長兩年的收監(jiān)，如果沒有在線上履行好保護孩子們的義務。

（作者：淮北市實驗高級中學 任春苗）

原創(chuàng)試題（二）

B

The sci-fi blockbusterThe Wandering Earth Ⅱhas not only raked in a huge box office, but also aroused much attention on science and technologies that appeared in the movie, including space elevators,quantum computers, and nuclear fusions.

The key to realizing space elevators is to find a super-strong material that can be used as the elevator cable.The material needs to maintain good performance when exposed to harsh conditions in space, said Guan Qingfang, an associate research fellow at the University of Science and Technology of China, when asked about the possibility of this technology.It might be long before space elevators could actually become reality.Still, the discussion of this technology itself reflects the ambition of, and charts the course for, mankind in the research and development of material science, according to Guan.

To escape the harm of a rapidly burning sun,humans in the movie try to build about 10 000 massive engines powered by nuclear fusions to push on the earth to a place far from damaging solar flares.Great achievements have been made in the field of fusion energy after over 70 years of efforts by mankind.“It is still too early to talk about the prospect of propelling the earth by fusion energy, but it is highly possible to power a light with this energy in the near future,”said Wang.

A number of scientists and researchers joined online discussions to analyze and explain the possibilities of relevant technologies in the movie,including moon rovers, space elevators, Internet root servers, quantum computers, and underground city life.Wang Yuanzhuo, a research fellow at the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, even drew pictures to explain the science and technology theories shown in the movie to the young audience in simple language.

A crowdfunding project was launched by a Chinese culture and media company on the e-commerce platform Taobao, aiming to produce peripheral （附帶的）products like robotic dog models and USB flash disks after the movie was aired.More than 433 000 orders have been placed by Monday noon, raising over 100 millionyuan, much more than the original goal of 100 000yuan.

1.Which new technology is not mentioned in the article?

A.Quantum computers.

B.Nuclear fusions.

C.Underground city.

D.Lunar power station.

2.What can we know about space elevators?

A.It will be put into use soon.

B.It needs a lot of money to invest.

C.It needs special materials to make.

D.It has solved the technical problems.

3.What is Wang’s attitude toward the prospect of propelling the earth by fusion energy?

A.Supportive.B.Negative.

C.Cautious.D.Ambiguous.

4.What does the author want to convey according to Paragraph 5 ?

A.The Wandering Earth Ⅱstimulates the development of electronic products.

B.The Wandering Earth Ⅱhas created a new industry.

C.The Wandering Earth Ⅱhas a large number of fans in China.

D.The Wandering Earth Ⅱmakes the price of electronic products higher.

【解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主題語境是人與社會。主要講述了《流浪地球2》科幻電影的上映，電影中的科技引發(fā)觀眾熱議。人與社會主題語境下的科學與技術(shù)是高考英語說明文閱讀理解的高頻主題。體現(xiàn)了對考生英語學科核心素養(yǎng)的考查。本試題通過春節(jié)熱映電影，引發(fā)學生對未來科技的關(guān)注，同時也是國產(chǎn)科幻大片，激發(fā)學生民族文化自信。

1.D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“including space elevators, quantum computers, and nuclear fusions”和第四段中的“including moon rovers,space elevators, Internet root servers, quantum computers, and underground city life”可知，答案選擇D。

2.C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The key to realizing space elevators is to find a super-strong material that can be used as the elevator cable.The material needs to maintain good performance when exposed to harsh conditions in space”可知，太空電梯需要一種電梯電纜的超強材料，故選C。

3.B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘It is still too early to talk about the prospect of propelling the earth by fusion energy, but it is highly possible to power a light with this energy in the near future,’said Wang”可知，Wang 認為現(xiàn)在談論用聚變能推動地球的前景還為時過早，故選B。

4.A 作者意圖題。根據(jù)第五段中“More than 433 000 orders have been placed by Monday noon, raising over 100 millionyuan, much more than the original goal of 100 000yuan”的幾個數(shù)字可知，隨著電影的大賣，讓電子鏟子預售超出了預期。故選A。

（作者：黑龍江省五常市第二中學校 李強?。?/p>

原創(chuàng)試題（三）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Every early morning Gleen would run to school to start the fire and warm the room before his teacher and classmates arrived.Their little schoolhouse was heated by an old-fashioned coal stove in winter.

One chilly morning, the teacher and students arrived only to find the schoolhouse in flames.Gleen was dragged out of the flaming building, unconscious.His lower half of his body was badly burned and was immediately sent to a nearby hospital.From his bed,Gleen faintly heard the doctor talking to his parents.“He could hardly survive,”the doctor said in a low voice, “for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body.”

“I don’t want to die, mum,”Gleen told his mother.He was determined to survive.To the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.When the serious danger was past, he again heard the doctor and his parents speaking quietly.“He was bound to be disabled for life,”the doctor whispered,“since the fire had destroyed so much flesh in the lower part of his body.He can’t walk like a normal person.”

“I will walk, dad,”Gleen told his father.Once more, the brave boy made up his mind.He would not be disabled.But unfortunately he has no feeling from the waist down.His thin legs just hung there, lifeless.Ultimately, he was discharged from the hospital.

Back home, Gleen’s mother would squeeze and rub his little legs every day, hoping to help them recover, but it made little difference.He was either in bed or attached to a wheelchair.Yet his determination that he would walk never faded.Instead, he kept thinking about how to make himself stand and walk again.

On a lovely summer’s day, as usual Gleen was wheeled out into the yard for some fresh air, where his father had just built a fence by driving the stakes (木樁) into the grass.Sitting in the wheelchair, Gleen was staring at the fence around the yard.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150 左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

It occurred to him that he could make the most of the fence._____________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

Gleen began to do this every day until he made a flat path beside the fence.________________________________________________________________

【解析】

主題語境——人與自我——做人與做事

【故事梗概】本文以人物為線索展開，前文講述了男孩Gleen的故事。他因在大火中身受重傷，一度被醫(yī)生斷定無法存活。他憑借著自己堅定的意志力存活了下來，但失去了行走的能力。盡管如此，他依然堅信自己能再度站起來并一直在想辦法。在續(xù)寫部分中，Gleen最后通過利用柵欄站立、行走、訓練，最終重獲行走能力。該語言材料主題緊扣人與自我主題語境之下的子主題：做人與做事，旨在引導學生在面臨人生困境時，能勇敢面對、積極改變，踐行“有志者事竟成”的堅強品質(zhì)。

【續(xù)寫線索】想到利用柵欄——想辦法到達柵欄旁——扶著柵欄站起來并開始移動身體——每天的練習——積極的影響——升華主題

【情節(jié)合理性】

①第一段：續(xù)寫首段的第一句要承接所給的首句。根據(jù)第一段首句內(nèi)容“他突然想到他可以充分利用柵欄”可知，第一段可描寫Gleen 如何利用柵欄站起來，然后開始嘗試行走。

②第二段：續(xù)寫的第一句要自然過渡到第二段首句。由第二段首句內(nèi)容“在那之后，Gleen 開始每天都這樣做，直到他在院子里的柵欄邊磨出一條光滑的小路”可知，第二段可描寫Gleen 每天做的事情以及他的堅強努力產(chǎn)生的積極影響：他最終重新獲得了行走的能力。

③續(xù)寫的最后一句是否升華主題，呼應主題。

參考答案：

Paragraph 1:It occurred to him that he could make the most of the fence.He had his mother wheeled him to the fence, beside which he threw himself onto the grass from the chair.Then, using all his strength,he struggled to raise himself up by holding on to the fence.Then, stake by stake, he began moving himself forward along the fence, dragging his legs behind.“Mom, Dad, I will make it.”Gleen smiled at his parents, his eyes full of determination.

Paragraph 2:After that, Gleen began to do this every day until he made a flat path beside the fence.He kept practicing standing up and walking with the help of the fence while his mother kept squeezing and rubbing his legs every day.As time went by, with his mother’s daily massages and his persistence, he did regain the ability to first stand up by himself, then to walk unsteadily,then to walk by himself, and then to run.Gleen, the boy who was never expected to survive, walk or run, proved that nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

（作者：湖南省宜章縣第一中學 黃芳）

原創(chuàng)試題（四）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

A gust of cold wind blasted through the cracks in the half-open door, making me involuntarily shudder.But it bothered me none as I stormed out in a rage,slamming the door shut behind me.

My wife and I got into a bitter quarrel over an issue as small as a sesame seed.I had to leave her alone and try to find an escape in this white world of dancing snowflakes.With the heavy snow coming down, the broad street was almost empty except for a few pedestrians.I wandered aimlessly down the deserted street.My wife and I had been married for years.Though an earthquake had softened our hearts,our tempers were obviously getting worse.As the night darkened, the snow came heavier and faster, the streetlights gave a dim, helpless ray.

It was then and there that I saw a man-powered tricycle.Because the tricycle rider was a man wearing thick clothes covered in thick snow, it was hard for me to see his his face clearly, but the woman sitting behind him was very visible.Under the street lights,her red coat was a sharp contrast against the white snow.Maybe because the road was too slippery or the tricycle was too heavy, the man, bending forward,weighed his body almost entirely over the handlebar as the wheels moved slowly under his pedaling feet.

Suddenly, I saw a hand show up next to each of the man’s ears, and the hands wrapped up the ears tight.Obviously, the hands belonged to the woman.As the slope became steeper, the tricycle slowed down drastically.The man’s back bent more.The woman pressed herself forward, leaving her back to the mercy of the chilly winds, while her hands firmly wrapped up the man’s ears, making a great view in the snowscape.I felt my soul touched by something indescribable and I followed the couple subconsciously.

The man finally pulled up near a group of cabins built after the earthquake as shelters for victims.The man parked his tricycle securely and helped the woman get off.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150 左右；

2.請按下列格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

The next instant, I was shocked to spot the woman had just one leg._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

Tears welling up, I held up my head simply to let the snowflakes wet my face.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【解析】

一、命題意圖：

本篇讀后續(xù)寫主要考查學生的創(chuàng)新思維、邏輯思維與協(xié)同思維能力。主題語境為人與社會。選材貼近生活，屬于典型的故事類文章。

文本大意：作者在一個暴風雪的夜晚因生活瑣事與妻子發(fā)生激烈爭執(zhí)，憤而離家，在大街上獨自徘徊時見證了一對騎三輪車的夫婦，雖然生活艱辛、身體殘疾卻相互關(guān)心，相互支撐的感人場面。

續(xù)寫分析：段首句的設置既確定了故事發(fā)展的基本走向，又給學生預留了相當大的想象空間與發(fā)揮余地。

二、解題思路：

（一）文本理解

1.提取故事六要素（5W1H）

When:on a snowy night

Where:at home; on a deserted street

Who:the author, his wife; a couple riding a tricycle

What:quarreled with his wife; spot a couple,the woman wrapping up ears of her husband with her hands;found the woman physically disabled

Why:annoyed by a quarrel with his wife

How:annoyed/angry; lonely, helpless; shocked and moved , ...

2.厘清雙線（plot & emotion）

（二）預測構(gòu)思

1.依據(jù)首句，預測情節(jié)

前文作者用大量筆墨描寫了妻子對丈夫的關(guān)愛，在嚴寒中用雙手護住丈夫的耳朵為其御寒，暗示了兩人感情的深厚。第一個段首句The next instant, I was shocked to spot the woman had just one leg.所給信息令讀者吃驚之余，也會如作者一般感動。接下去情節(jié)如何發(fā)展，不妨做以下設問：

What trouble did the woman encounter when getting off the tricycle? What did the man do to help?What would they do next? 根據(jù)邏輯推理，學生應該可以預測到妻子下車會有困難，丈夫攙扶妻子下車；前文最后一段提到了為地震受害者建筑的臨時住所cabins，他們在那里停下來，所以可以預測那里應該是他們的住處。他們應該是要回家。

（2）根據(jù)第二段首句Tears welling up, I held up my head simply to let the snowflakes wet my face.可以設問如下：How did the author feel at the moment? What did he think of/ What lesson did he get from this incident? What would he do next?由此，故事情節(jié)大致走向為：作者被這對患難夫妻的相互關(guān)愛深深觸動，從而反思自己與妻子的相處從而決定回家與妻子和解。至于本段學生是著重寫作者的心理活動，還是回家后和解的過程都是合乎邏輯的。本段給學生確定了一個情節(jié)發(fā)展的方向，同時又預留了足夠的想象空間。只要是合乎邏輯的情節(jié)猜測均可。

2.重視情感線的發(fā)展，進行正向預測

命題除了檢測學生學習成果外還有價值觀引導的作用。所以讀后續(xù)寫的結(jié)局預測應該是積極的，正向的。這點，所給的文本及段首句也給出了充分的提示。

（三）契合原文寫作風格

整篇文章情景交融，環(huán)境描寫有效烘托了人物心情，并揭示出作者的情感變化，輔助推進情節(jié)發(fā)展。所以在續(xù)寫過程中學生需注意這一點，嘗試進行一定的環(huán)境及心理描寫，使習作風格盡量與原文保持一致。

【參考答案】

Paragraph 1:The next instant, I was shocked to spot the woman had just one leg.Her other leg is missing from the knee down.Maybe due to the slippery conditions of the road, the woman wobbled and was about to fall, when the man quickly extended her his right hand, which she held steadily in both hands right away.My heart literally dropped the moment I saw an empty sleeve fluttering on his left.The man had only one arm! The man held the woman by clenching one of her hands and slowly they moved towards the cabin.

Paragraph 2:Tears welling up, I held up my head simply to let the snowflakes wet my face.Up in the sky,the snow came down even heavier and faster,but I had just forgotten about the chill.After a long while,I looked homeward and quickened my pace.I felt compelled to get home as fast as I could to tell my wife what I had seen on such a snowy night.I thought,by the time I finished telling her the story, the blizzard would probably have stopped already.

（作者：德州市實驗中學 沙俊燕）

原創(chuàng)試題（五）

第二節(jié) （滿分25 分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

CHRISTMAS Eve had arrived.As last-minute shoppers were going home, a thick, white sheet of snow lay over the city.Yet the lights were still burning in the old-clock shop, as Ray, its old, deaf owner,worked on a clock he had sold that day.

Having finished his work, Ray stood up and was on his way to the back room when a cold rush of air from the front door hit the back of his neck.

He turned to meet a last-minute shopper, but his old, wise eyes told him that this was not a shopper.He saw two men, one in his twenties, the other closer to fifty.The younger man remained at the door.The older man approached the counter without friendliness in his eyes.Ray was able to hide his growing fear as he slowly pushed a notepad and a pencil across the counter.

He smiled at the unfriendly face, then pointed to his ears and shook his head from side to side.Surprised, the man studied the notepad, then turned and whispered to his friend.

Ray looked closely at the man, paying attention to the shape of a gun and a restless hand in his right coat-pocket.Anger within him, he said to himself,“Be still.”He wrote on the notepad, “May I help you?”For the first time the older man looked directly at Ray and smiled.They looked like men who were down on their luck and were now ready to try something they would later be sorry about.

The clocks ticked on.Ray calmly wrote another message.“Have you come to pick up a clock or watch?” Then he pointed to the loan board filled with hanging clocks and pocket watches.He was not a pawnbroker（當鋪老板）, but couldn’t say No to the needy people who placed their old watches or clocks before him for money.They would be there when the owners wanted them back...at the same price he had paid with no interest.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150 左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

Then the older man seemed to feel a little easier,took out his hand from his pocket and quickly looked at the watch on his wrist._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

The reply came back on the notepad,“Whatever it’s worth.” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【寫作指導】

◆文章主線

已知線索：

圣誕節(jié)前夜，下雪，聾啞鐘表店老板Ray 打算收工

→來了兩位客人，一位二十出頭，一位五十歲以上

→ Ray 根據(jù)經(jīng)驗判斷來者不是尋常顧客,恐慌中

→Ray 不動聲色表明自己聾啞，用紙和筆與對方交流—兩位顧客很驚訝，彼此小聲交流了一下

→Ray 看出顧客口袋里有槍

→Ray 在紙上寫“我能為您做些什么？你們是來取你們的鐘表？”

→Ray 常有顧客需要錢的時候會把鐘表抵押，而后回來不給利息原價贖回 ……

可續(xù)寫線索：

來者中年老的伸出手看著手腕上的手表有何意圖?Ray 做出了什么動作避免對方持槍搶劫? 第二段首句說“回復上寫著：你說值多少就給多少”可以推斷出第一段的內(nèi)容是什么?Ray 會為這塊腕表抵押給多少錢呢？老少兩位持槍者的態(tài)度如何轉(zhuǎn)變的？Ray 是否轉(zhuǎn)化了這場危機呢？

◆續(xù)寫詞匯

已給提示詞匯：

Ray, CHRISTMAS Eve, deaf, a cold rush, not a shopper, the older man, the younger man, without friendliness, growing fear, Be still, surprised, down on their luck, pawnbroker, needy, at the same price

續(xù)寫可能用到的詞匯：

how much, watch, notice, shame, nothing special,exchange, a bad situation, great need, in the first, reach into, a fifty-dollar note, pass, shake hands, worth, pick up,write, Christmas

參考范文：

Paragraph 1:Then the older man seemed to feel a little easier, took out his hand from his pocket and quickly looked at the watch on his wrist.“How much will you give me for this?”the man wrote.Ray noticed a little shame in the grey eyes looking at him.The watch was nothing special and yet had great powers.It was something to exchange, a way out of a bad situation.Knowing that great need had brought the man to his shop in the first place, Ray asked,“How much do you need for it?”

Paragraph 2:The reply came back on the notepad:“Whatever it’s worth.”Ray reached into his cashbox, pulled out a fifty-dollar note and passed it into the man’s hand.As they shook hands, Ray looked into the man’s eyes; they seemed to say, “Thank you!” They both knew the watch wasn’t worth that much.Before turning to leave, the man wrote, “I will be back to pick it up as soon as I can.Merry Christmas!”

（作者：湖南省長沙市雅禮教育集團 王虹 王一川）