Agricultural Capacity Cooperation and Practice between China and Africa from the Perspective of BRI——A Case Study of Cooperation between Hunan Province and Algeria (5)

Wen Chunhui Zhou Feng Xu Haitao

【Abstract】In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative,the agricultural cooperation between China and African countries is deepening.Algeria,as the fourth largest economy in Africa,has always been a pivot country in China's cooperation with Africa.Algeria has vast land and abundant agricultural natural resources,but its agricultural infrastructure is underdeveloped and its production methods are not intensive-based,making it one of the largest food importers in the world.As a large agricultural province in China,Hunan has the agricultural experience and technology that may complement Algeria.Both sides have a strong desire and demand for cooperation.Therefore,the Hunan-Algeria agricultural capacity cooperation will not only enhance food security in Algeria,but also boost the agricultural sector in Hunan.This paper,by studying the factors and implications of Hunan-Algeria agricultural capacity cooperation,puts forward suggestions such as establishing agricultural capacity cooperation service system,exploring the mode of joint overseas investment,and innovating strategies and mechanisms.

【Key Words】 Hunan province,Algeria,Belt and Road Initiative,agricultural capacity cooperation

【Authors】Wen Chunhui,Ph.D,Professor and Doctoral Supervisor of Hunan Agricultural University,Executive Deputy Director of China-Africa Agricultural Development and Cooperation Base,whose research interests are industrial economy,and China-Africa agricultural development and cooperation; Zhou Feng,Lecturer of Suzhou University,Ph.D.Candidate of Hunan Agricultural University,whose research interest is management of agricultural economy; Xu Haitao,M.A.Student of Hunan Agricultural University,whose research interest is rural economy.

Analysis on the Risks and Countermeasures of China’s Investment in Visegrad Group under the New Situation (27)

Zhang Haizheng Liang Yuanyuan

【Abstract】The Belt and Road Initiative has covered the entire Central and Eastern Europe(CEE) region and the “China + CEE” cooperation mechanism has been set up.China,as a latecomer to the CEE region as compared to the EU,and the USA and Russia,has already engaged in intensive cooperation with the countries of the region,which is reflected in the increase in bilateral trade and growing investment.The legal systems for investment in the four Visegrad Group countries are sound,the market entry barriers are low,the environmental protection requirements are strict,and the legal systems for taxation are complicated.These characteristics mean that the investment environment in the region is full of opportunities and challenges.In addition to potential legal risks,investors also have to consider political and economic risks related to big-power politics,high dependence on EU structure and investment funds of CEE countries,and imbalances in import and export trade in the area.The outbreak of COVID-19 has also had a great impact on China’s investment in the region.It is extremely important,therefore,to understand the investment environment,potential risks and status quo of the Visegrad Group countries,as well as the countermeasures so that Chinese companies may invest in a legal and safe manner.

【Key Words】Central East Europe (CEE),Belt and Road Initiative,Visegrad Group,investment environment,investment risks

【Authors】Zhang Haizheng,Professor of the School of Law,Beijing Foreign Studies University,whose research focuses on civil and commercial law,international investment law,and education law; Liang Yuanyuan,Graduate Student from the School of Law,Renmin University of China.

Analysis of China–BIMP-EAGA Cooperation from the Perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative (42)

Wang Guanghou Li Jianing

【Abstract】 The Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA) is the largest sub-regional cooperation mechanism under the ASEAN Framework.In recent years,China has attached increasing importance to cooperation with BIMP-EAGA.The intensified cooperation between China and BIMP-EAGA is a result of long-term friendship and the Belt and Road Initiative.China and BIMP-EAGA have launched a series of cooperation in development strategy,energy,connectivity,infrastructure,and so on.The cooperation is constrained by the lack of mutual political trust,the challenges to growth in BIMP-EAGA countries,and the US factor.

【Key Words】China,ASEAN,BIMP-EAGA

【Authors】Wang Guanghou,Associate Professor of the School of Political Science and Law,Northeast Normal University,whose research focuses on China's diplomacy and Southeast Asian international relations; Li Jianing,Graduate Student of the School of Political Science and Law,Northeast Normal University,whose research focuses on Southeast Asian international relations.

Re-examining the Functions of China’s Foreign-Related Commercial Trials in the Context of Global Economic Governance (54)

Li Boxuan

【Abstract】As an important branch of global governance,global economic governance has broken through the unidirectional model of management by advocating the plurality of governance subjects.In global economic governance,the role of domestic courts has received little attention compared to the formulation of international economic and trade rules and international cooperation spearheaded by administrative authorities.As the Opening Up policy and the Belt and Road Initiative broaden their scope,the functions of foreign-related commercial trials have gone beyond the traditional hearing and adjudication of individual cases,and extended to international implications.The “influence” function of foreign commercial trials is manifested in the ability to influence the distribution of global economic governance and the formulation and development of the rules of global economic governance.China’s courts should be more aware of their role as global economic governors,realize the positive interaction between domestic rule of law and international rule of law,and promote the balance between national interests and global interests in foreign-related commercial trials.

【Key Words】foreign-related commercial trials,global economic governance,governance power,governance rules

【Author】Li Boxuan,Lecturer at the Faculty of International Law,China University of Political Science and Law,whose research focuses on international economic law and global economic governance.

Policy Implications of Encouraging Green Investment of UK’s Private Sector from the Perspective of Market Failures (70)

Gong Jialuo

【Abstract】The UK’s average annual investment gap in green transformation is as high as ￡22 billion per year,accounting for 1.2% of its annual GDP,if it intends to meet its goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.As a result,its transformation into a green society does not stand on solid ground.The private sector,as the dominating player in the UK’s economy,is highly motivated to contribute to climate change mitigation.However,the actual investment is lower than expected.The immediate cause is the undesirably low investment return on investments for projects related to low carbon transition.The deeper reason is the barriers to investment resulting from market failure.Externalities,under-supplied public goods due to high cost,together with information failures in project evaluation have increased the cost and uncertainty of investment,leaving a narrower profit margin for investors.Moreover,underlying institutional failures in UK’s financial system,which has led to inadequate guidance in channeling funds to projects key to the transition.In response,the UK government has tried to reduce the uncertainty of green investment and raise the market expectation of investment returns; it has also accelerated the flow of funds and technologies to green and low-carbon by improving the top-level design,reducing taxes and fees,providing special investment and financing facilities,and formulating a green taxonomy.The systematic government intervention in net-zero investment has played a positive role in the decision-making in the private sector.These measures formulate a socalled UK model of boosting green investment.

【Key Words】 carbon neutrality,market failures,low carbon transition,green investment,China-UK Cooperation

【Author】Gong Jialuo,Ph.D.Candidate,Institute of European Studies,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,whose research focuses on European Economic Studies.

Joko Widodo Administration’s Climate Policy and China–Indonesia Climate Cooperation (95)

Wei Hong Lai Chang

【Abstract】 Indonesia,as a middle power,is an important participant in global climate governance,and its response to climate issues is necessary and unique to its own conditions.The paper contextualizes the Joko Widodo Administration’s climate vision and policies against Indonesia’s vulnerable ecosystems,the transformation and upgrading of its economic structure through climate governance,and its response to the advancement of the global climate governance agenda.The paper reviews Indonesia's overall approach to climate change and low-carbon development,and concludes that Indonesia has improved its strategic positioning,raised its emission reduction targets and applicable standards,and adopted a clearer policy direction and priorities.On this basis,the Indonesian government has focused on green recovery,gradually promoted the implementation of the climate vision,and mobilized external forces to serve the country's climate response.Currently,Indonesia faces four challenges in addressing climate change: financial constraints,difficulties in breaking the “carbon lock-in effect”,insufficient capacity building,and international pressure.Based on their own interests,China and Indonesia can cooperate extensively in the future in finance,technology,mechanism,and projects.

【Key Words】climate change,climate policy,low-carbon development,China-Indonesia cooperation

【Authors】Wei Hong,Professor of the Faculty of Political Science and Director of the Research Center for China-Indonesia People-to-People Exchange,Central China Normal University,whose research focuses on Southeast Asian politics and international relations;Lai Chang,Assistant of the Research Center for China-Indonesia People-to-People Exchange,Central China Normal University,whose research focuses on Indonesia's politics and international relations.

A Study on the Dynamic Mechanism of ASEAN Integration—A Geopolitical Perspective Based on James Fairgriff's Energy and Stimulus (119)

Song Lai Jia Shangxu

【Abstract】As the second most successful regional organization in the world next to the European Union,ASEAN has many inherent flaws,such as geography,environment and relations with great powers.In spite of the flaws,ASEAN still commands a development advantage,and the dynamic mechanism behind the ongoing integration is worth studying.On the basis of the improvement of James Fairgriff's traditional theory,this paper draws the following conclusions: first,the sensitivity of dependent-country experience and the incentive of historical momentum; second,the reality of the periphery and the need for selfimprovement of small and medium-sized countries; and third,the geopolitical vulnerability and reverse stimulus in the interaction with big powers.The future of ASEAN still faces issues such as internal differences and external pressures,and it will continue to deserve our attention.

【Key Words】ASEAN,integration,dynamic mechanism,energy stimulus theory,geopolitical politics

【Authors】Song Lai,Ph.D.Candidate,School of International Relations and Diplomacy,Beijing Foreign Studies University,whose research focuses on international relations and area studies; Jia Shangxu,M.A.Student,School of Political Science and Public Administration,China University of Political Science and Law,whose research focuses on Sino-foreign political systems.

Who Can Work for International Organizations? How to Cultivate these Talents?——Past and Future of the Research on Talent Cultivation for International Organizations (135)

Duan Shifei Nadila Abulajiang

【Abstract】In the era of globalization,sovereign states rely on those who work for international organizations to exert influence within the organizations,and they play an important role in expanding national influence and safeguarding national interests.In a community of shared future for mankind,China urgently needs to cultivate and send people who work for international organizations to shape and transform the global governance system.Therefore,cultivating such talents is an important mission for universities in China to implement the national strategy.With this background,this study summarizes and analyzes the literature and finds that the existing studies mainly cover the definition of talents for international organizations,their qualities and abilities,their cultivation mechanism,and their dispatch to international organizations.Although the existing studies have shed light on the subject,there are still shortcomings in the research problems,subjects,theories and methods.Future studies should be developed and improved on this basis.

【Key Words】talents for international organizations,international civil servants,global governance,internationalization of higher education

【Authors】Duan Shifei,Distinguished Associate Researcher,College of Education,Zhejiang University,Deputy Director of the Institute of BRI and Area Studies of Zhejiang University,whose research focuses on international organizations and global educational governance; Nadila Abulajiang,Ph.D.Candidate,College of Education,Zhejiang University,whose research focuses on international organizations and global educational governance.