Abstracts

Origin, Evolution and Considerations of Indonesia’s Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept and the Strategic Choices of China’s Response (5)

Li Yunlong Zhao Changfeng

【Abstract】Due to the implementation of the Indo-Pacific Strategy of the United States and China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative in recent years, Southeast Asia has become a key area for competition among major powers.Based on the principles of cooperation, tolerance, transparency, and openness, Indonesia has proposed the Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept centered on sustainable development, maritime cooperation and infrastructure interconnection.From the geopolitical perspective, Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept serves the strategic ambition of Indonesia’s rise as a maritime power, which tries to maintain a balanced relationship in Sino-US strategic competition to ensure Indonesia’s dominance in regional affairs and its voice in ASEAN.From the geo-economic perspective,Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept aims to safeguard Indonesia’s marine economic interests and draw the blueprint of Indo-Pacific economic cooperation to cope with the global economic instability and ensure Indonesia and ASEAN benefit from the China-US economic strategic competition.China should actively respond to Indonesia’s Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept by fully respecting ASEAN’s central role, strengthening maritime cooperation and regional economic cooperation with Indonesia and ASEAN, continuing to support the infrastructure construction of ASEAN countries, and allow for some room for hedging for both Indonesia and ASEAN on security issues.

【Key Words】Indonesia, Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept, peripheral security, China-Indonesia relations

【Authors】Li Yunlong, Doctoral Student of the School of Politics and International Studies,Central China Normal University, whose research focuses on global governance, China’s peripheral security and Sino-Indonesian relations; Zhao Changfeng, Professor of the School of Politics and International Studies, Central China Normal University, whose research focuses on China’s diplomacy, foreign aid and US-Indonesian relations and so on.

Indo-Pacific Strategies of France and Germany: Interests,Differences and Prospects (26)

Wang Yue

【Abstract】The official Indo-Pacific Strategy documents of France and Germany were published one after another, signifying the strategic intentions of the traditional Western powers to “Return to the Asia-Pacific”.The strategies reflect their real interests in economic prosperity, security and stability in the Indo-Pacific region and their strategic interests in participating in regional construction and increasing their international influence.France calls itself an “Indo-Pacific power” and has territorial sovereignty in the Indo-Pacific region;Germany, relying on the EU, seeks to become an important player in the Indo-Pacific region.The different identities of the two countries are the fundamental reasons for the differences in the degree of participation and strategic orientation.Due to the mismatch between their strategic intentions and actual capabilities, and between their strategic intentions and those of the US, the future direction of the Indo-Pacific strategies of the two countries remains unclear.

【Key Words】Indo-Pacific Strategy, Return to Asia-Pacific, US-China competition, China-Europe relations

【Author】 Wang Yue, Doctoral Candidate of the School of International Relations, Renmin University of China, whose research focuses on global governance and power relations in Indo-Pacific region.

Biden Administration’s Arctic Policy: Goals and Constraints (47)

Jiang Yin’an

【Abstract】The Biden administration has adopted an Arctic policy that is significantly different from that of the Trump administration.It, guided by a return to the National Strategy for the Arctic Region, features increased emphasis on climate and environmental issues, Arctic security and the ability to operate in the Arctic region.While strengthening the US Arctic affairs mechanism, the Biden administration seeks to establish its dominance in Arctic issues.However, the Arctic policy faces multiple domestic and international constraints.Although the Biden administration will have some positive impact on international climate cooperation and multilateral Arctic governance, its continued pressure on China and Russia will likely have spillover effects.Under the Biden administration, there is some room for US-China cooperation in the Arctic, but it also faces new challenges.It is therefore important to identify the focus of US-China Arctic cooperation and coordinate relations with the US on Arctic issues while the bilateral relations are under pressure.

【Key Words】Arctic policy, Biden administration, Arctic governance, China-US Arctic cooperation

【Author】Jiang Yin’an, Assistant Researcher Fellow of the Department of European Studies, China Institute of International Studies, whose research focuses on the Arctic issue,Europe diplomacy and China-Italy relations.

Research on the Measurement of Manufacturing Industry Participation in Global Value Chain Division in China, Japan and ROK (57)

Lian Zeng Liu Xingtong Su Chang Li Meijun

【Abstract】Facing the strong impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increasingly complex international situation, the cooperation between China, Japan and the Republic of Korea is particularly important.Using the UIBE GVC database, this paper analyzes the status quo and trends of the cooperation among the three countries in manufacturing by calculating the GVC position index, GVC participation index and NRCA index of the manufacturing industry in China, Japan and ROK.From an overall perspective, China ranks third in the global value chain among the three, but the gap is narrowing.From the perspective of sectors, there is room for misaligned development in their manufacturing industries.Therefore, they should establish an industrial network, strengthen regional cooperation, and improve comprehensive competitiveness.At the same time, China should provide a good market environment, implement talent policies, promote the development of China’s high-tech manufacturing industry, and promote the development of low and medium-tech manufacturing industries by leveraging the digital economy’s influence mechanism on the value chain.

【Key Words】manufacturing industries in China, Japan and ROK, global value chain,participation measurement, digital economy, division of labor in industry cooperation

【Authors】Lian Zeng, Corresponding Author, Lecturer of the International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research focuses on international trade;Liu Xingtong, Graduate Student of the International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research focuses on international trade and investment;Su Chang,Graduate Student of the International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University,whose research focuses on international trade and investment; Li Meijun, Graduate Student of the International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research focuses on international trade and investment.

Global Significance of Community of a Shared Future for Mankind from the Perspective of COVID-19 Prevention and Control in Africa (80)

Zhou Qian Su Weiquan

【Abstract】The Community of Shared Future for Mankind is China’s contribution to global development and governance in the new era.Against the background of the global fight against the pandemic, the global significance of its new worldview, new values and new methodology have been further highlighted, and it has become an important tool for bridging the gap in global development and governance.The concept has been embraced by more international actors and are manifested in the fight against the epidemic.From the specific case of Africa, it is the key to supporting the prevention and control of the pandemic, which is a dynamic process of multilateral and positive interaction at the national,regional and global levels.Such process has brought Africa closer to the world and built a global community of shared future against the pandemic.In the context of a global public emergency, the African experience has proven that the world has entered a new era of common destiny while the old hegemonic logic is being replaced by a new egalitarian logic.Global development and governance must transcend the narrow values of self-centeredness;multilateralism is the key to solving global problems; and a community of a shared future for mankind will become an important orientation for all international actors in the new era.

【Key Words】 Community of a Shared Future for Mankind, global significance, Africa,COVID-19 prevention and control, China-Africa cooperation

【Authors】Zhou Qian, Professor of the Institute of African Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, whose research focuses on African studies; Su Weiquan, Doctoral Candidate at the Institute of Chinese Ethnic Theory and Policy, Central University for Nationalities, and Teacher at the College of Humanities, Pu’er University, whose research focuses on ethnic politics.

Comparison of Economic Agglomeration Mechanisms under Different Spatial Scales (107)

Xie Jianfeng

【Abstract】This paper summarizes the research on economic agglomeration mechanism from the perspective of spatial economics, distinguishes and compares the causes, forms and effects of economic agglomeration on different spatial scales, and comments on related policies and influences.On the city scale, mechanisms such as sharing, matching and learning lead to agglomeration and increase the return of human capital and the complementarity of skills,which are particularly evident in big cities.On national and regional scales, agglomeration generated by mechanisms such as an terior and posterior correlation improve total factor productivity and optimize resource allocation.Promoting agglomeration at the regional level is consistent with balanced inter-regional development in the per capita sense.On a global scale,the types of agglomeration patterns depend on the comparative advantages of a country or region and shift with economic and social development.

【Key Words】spatial scale, agglomeration mechanism, scale economy, knowledge spillover

【Author】Xie Jianfeng, Lecturer, School of Business Administration, Liaoning Technical University, PhD in Economics, Supervisor of Postgraduate Students.His research focuses on spatial economics and international trade.

Populism in Indonesia: A Theoretical and Empirical Approach(122)

Wang Pengcheng Song Xiuju

【Abstract】During Indonesia’s democratic transition, populism was particularly prominent.The populist movement has become one of the key features of Indonesian democracy and has had a significant impact on its democratization.Unlike the general pattern of Western populism, Indonesia’s populism is more complex and includes such forms as traditional populism, technocratic populism, and Islamic populism.It is a new kind of populism formed by the multiple factors of history and reality.Nationalism, religious extremism,and preference for populist leaders are its main manifestations.Despite the limited ability of populism to steer Indonesian politics, the potential threat to democracy in the long run cannot be underestimated.Authoritarianism influenced by populism already poses a challenge to Indonesian democracy.

【Key Words】populism, Indonesia, democratization, Joko Widodo

【Authors】Wang Pengcheng, Doctoral Candidate, China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies, Wuhan University, whose main research interests are Sino-Indonesian relations and India’s peripheral diplomacy; Song Xiuju, Associate Professor, China-Indonesia Center for People-to-People Exchanges, Central China Normal University, whose main research interests are international cooperation theory and great power diplomacy, South Pacific island countries and Indonesian studies.

An Analysis of Political Turmoil in Kyrgyzstan in 2020 under the Combination of COVID-19 and Elections (134)

Han Yanxiong Liao Chengmei

【Abstract】Since independence, Kyrgyzstan has been undergoing a difficult political transition, which has been characterized by political instability during the election year as a result of the direct transplantation of the Western-style democratic political system.The 2020 parliamentary elections triggered a new round of political turmoil.Although it ended with the resignation of Sooronbay Jeenbekov and the assumption of the presidency by opposition leader Sadyr Japarov, the structural problems within the country’s political system have not been resolved.There will still be great uncertainty in Kyrgyzstan’s politics in the context of COVID-19 and the election year.This paper analyzes the causes of the political turmoil from three perspectives: the structural problems of party politics, the impact of COVID-19, and the fragile economic base of the country.In addition, as a neighbor of China and one of the key countries in the Central Asian section of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), political changes in Kyrgyzstan will inevitably affect the smooth implementation of the BRI.Therefore, the impact of political changes in Kyrgyzstan on the joint implementation of the BRI between China and Kyrgyzstan is also one of the topics discussed in this paper.

【Key Words】 Kyrgyzstan, parliamentary elections in 2020, political instability, party politics, COVID-19

【Authors】 Han Yanxiong, Graduate Student, School of Political Science and Public Administration of Xinjiang University, whose research focuses on the political system of Central Asian countries; Liao Chengmei, Professor, School of Politics and Public Administration of Xinjiang University, whose research field is the social and political development of Russia and Central Asia.