楊雪松 付彧 毛慧玲 顏令義 房慶華 哈達(dá) 呂曉紅 劉靈 陶宇
[摘要]目的:探究穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者皮膚組織液sICAM-1水平的表達(dá)變化及與臨床特征的關(guān)聯(lián)性。方法:選擇30例筆者醫(yī)院收治確診的穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者為研究對(duì)象,其中尋常型20例,節(jié)段型10例,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA)對(duì)白斑處和非白斑處皮膚組織液中的sICAM-1水平進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,并由專人記錄患者的臨床特征。結(jié)果:對(duì)穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者的皮膚組織液sICAM-1水平進(jìn)行檢測(cè):①尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平明顯高于非白斑處(P<0.05),且高于節(jié)段型(P<0.05);②白斑處sICAM-1水平與病程呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(P<0.05),尋常型和節(jié)段型白斑處sICAM-1水平與病程均呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(P<0.05);③白斑處sICAM-1水平與皮損面積呈正相關(guān)性(P<0.05);④節(jié)段型白斑處sICAM-1水平與年齡呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(P<0.05);⑤尋常型皮損面積大于節(jié)段型(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平表達(dá)異常,且與患者病程和皮損面積有關(guān)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]白癜風(fēng);可溶性細(xì)胞間黏附分子-1;病程;皮損面積;年齡
[中圖分類號(hào)]R758.4+1? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼]A? ? [文章編號(hào)]1008-6455(2021)06-0083-03
Correlation Analysis between the sICAM-1 in the Skin Tissue Fluid with Stable Vitiligo and Clinical Characteristics
YANG Xue-song1,F(xiàn)U Yu2,MAO Hui-ling3,YAN Ling-yi1,F(xiàn)ANG Qing-hua1,HA Da1,LV Xiao-hong1,LIU Ling1,TAO Yu1
(1.Department of Dermatology,Daqing Longnan Hospital,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University,Daqing 163453,Heilongjiang, China;2. Department of General Surgery,Daqing Oilfield General Hospital,Daqing 163001, Heilongjiang,China;3. Department of Science and Technology Management,Daqing Longnan Hospital,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Daqing 163453,Heilongjiang,China)
Abstract: Objective? The correlation analysis between the sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo and clinical characteristics were investigated. Methods Selected 30 patients with stable vitiligo, including 20 patients with vitiligo vulgaris and 10 patients with segmental vitiligo.The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid at white spots and non-white spots were compared and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The patient's clinical characteristics were recorded by the same person. Results? The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo were detected: ①The levels of sICAM-1 in the white spots with vitiligo vulgaris was significantly higher than that in the non-white spots (P<0.05), and higher than that with segmental vitiligo (P<0.05). ②There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots (P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots with vitiligo vulgaris(P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots with segmental vitiligo(P<0.05).③There was a positive correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and lesion area in white spots(P<0.05). ④There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and age in white spots with segmental vitiligo(P<0.05). ⑤The lesion area of vitiligo vulgaris was larger than that of segmental vitiligo (P<0.05). Conclusion? The expression of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo was abnormal, which was related to the course of disease and lesion area.
Key words: vitiligo; sICAM-1; course of disease;lesion area;age
白癜風(fēng)是一種自身免疫功能出現(xiàn)障礙導(dǎo)致黑素細(xì)胞特異性損傷的疾病[1-2],其發(fā)生發(fā)展和自身免疫失衡有關(guān)[3]。體內(nèi)的細(xì)胞因子可以通過合成和分泌的相互反饋以及調(diào)節(jié)作用、其受體表達(dá)的相互影響調(diào)節(jié)作用、生物學(xué)效應(yīng)的影響等,形成一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的免疫調(diào)節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)[4-5]。國(guó)外研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在患者的白斑處真皮中淋巴細(xì)胞上移至表皮,且黑素細(xì)胞的破壞與淋巴細(xì)胞的浸潤(rùn)同步出現(xiàn),推測(cè)兩者之間存在聯(lián)系[6]。細(xì)胞間黏附分子(ICAM-1)是淋巴細(xì)胞功能相關(guān)抗原(LFA-1)的特異性配體,經(jīng)研究證實(shí)其在淋巴細(xì)胞攻擊黑素細(xì)胞中發(fā)揮重要的連接作用[7]。而可溶性細(xì)胞間黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)是ICAM-1的脫落循環(huán)形式,血清中ICAM-1表達(dá)增加,其脫落形式sICAM-1表達(dá)也相應(yīng)增加[8]。本研究檢測(cè)穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平,探究其與白癜風(fēng)患者臨床特征的關(guān)聯(lián)性,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1? 資料和方法
1.1 一般資料:按照白癜風(fēng)的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及分期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[9-10]選擇2014年1月-2014年12月在筆者醫(yī)院收治的30例白癜風(fēng)穩(wěn)定期患者為研究獨(dú)享,其中男14例,女16例,年齡16~72歲,病程6個(gè)月~15年,記錄患者的皮損面積,以百分比表示?;颊呔炇鹬橥鈺E懦龢?biāo)準(zhǔn):①患有嚴(yán)重心腦血管疾病、肝腎疾病、感染、腫瘤及其他自身免疫性疾病者;②檢測(cè)前1個(gè)月內(nèi)接受免疫治療者。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 收集皮膚組織液:采用負(fù)壓吸引儀分別在穩(wěn)定期患者的白斑處和非白斑處負(fù)壓吸皰,2h后可見較為明顯的水皰,使用一次性無菌注射器采集白斑處和非白斑處的皰液,并將其放置于-20℃冰箱中存放待檢。
1.2.2 RIA kit檢測(cè)皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平:RIA kit購(gòu)于上海恪敏生物科技有限公司,測(cè)量?jī)x器為DFM-96型放射免疫γ計(jì)數(shù)器,嚴(yán)格參照RIA kit中的操作說明書進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。
1.2.3 記錄白癜風(fēng)患者的臨床特征:病程以月(m)為單位,年齡以歲(y)為單位。皮損面積(%)采用“手掌法”測(cè)量,即囑患者五指并攏,1個(gè)手掌面積為1%。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析:采用SPSS 16.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x?±s)表示,組間對(duì)比采用t檢驗(yàn),以α=0.05為檢驗(yàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);數(shù)據(jù)正態(tài)分布采用單樣本K-S檢驗(yàn),相關(guān)性分析采用Pearson檢驗(yàn)。
2? 結(jié)果
2.1 穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平:尋常型穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者在白斑處的皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平明顯高于非白斑處,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),在節(jié)段型患者的白斑處和非白斑處皮膚組織中sICAM-1水平?jīng)]有發(fā)生明顯變化,無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平高于節(jié)段型白斑處(P<0.05),尋常型非白斑處sICAM-1水平和節(jié)段型無明顯差異(P>0.05)。見表1。
2.2 sICAM-1水平與患者病程的關(guān)系:采用Pearson相關(guān)性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者的病程呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(r=-0.481,P<0.05);尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平與患者病程呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(r=-0.592,P<0.05);節(jié)段型白斑處sICAM-1水平與患者病程呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(r=-0.792,P<0.05)。見圖1。
2.3 sICAM-1水平與患者皮損面積的關(guān)系:采用Pearson相關(guān)性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者皮損面積呈正相關(guān)性(r=0.635,P<0.05),尋常型患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者的皮損面積無相關(guān)性(r=0.380,P=0.099>0.05),節(jié)段型患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者的皮損面積無相關(guān)性(r=0.570,P=0.086>0.05),見圖2。
2.4 sICAM-1水平與患者年齡的關(guān)系:采用Pearson相關(guān)性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)白癜風(fēng)穩(wěn)定期患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者年齡無相關(guān)性(P>0.05),尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平與患者年齡無相關(guān)性(P>0.05),節(jié)段型白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者年齡呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(P<0.05),見圖3。
2.5 穩(wěn)定期不同分型白癜風(fēng)患者皮損面積比較:尋常型穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者皮損面積(8.80±5.50)與節(jié)段型皮損面積(2.30±1.74)比較有顯著性差異,具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=4.827,P<0.05)。
3? 討論
ICAM-1是白癜風(fēng)發(fā)病機(jī)制中的重要分子,Kaufman HL等[11]將表達(dá)ICAM-1的痘瘤病毒注射至轉(zhuǎn)移性黑素瘤患者的局部皮膚,23.08%的病例發(fā)生了白癜風(fēng),推測(cè)其介導(dǎo)的免疫反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致了局部微環(huán)境異常。ICAM-1對(duì)判斷白癜風(fēng)的活動(dòng)程度以及臨床分型也有著指示作用,Camara-Lemarroy CR等[12]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)白癜風(fēng)患者處于進(jìn)展期時(shí),sICAM-1在血清中有較高表達(dá),推測(cè)其可作為白癜風(fēng)活動(dòng)與否的指標(biāo)之一。國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)[13-15],進(jìn)展期其表達(dá)水平顯著高于穩(wěn)定期,穩(wěn)定期與健康人群無異,泛發(fā)型高于局限型,穩(wěn)定期和局限型無差異。治療后其水平明顯降低,且降低程度越大,療效越好。
本研究對(duì)穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者的皮膚組織液sICAM-1水平進(jìn)行了檢測(cè),發(fā)現(xiàn)尋常型白斑處的sICAM-1水平明顯高于非白斑處(P<0.05),也高于節(jié)段型白斑處(P<0.05),提示白癜風(fēng)皮損處sICAM-1水平存在表達(dá)異常,且與臨床分型有關(guān);運(yùn)用Pearson分析,將sICAM-1水平與白癜風(fēng)的病程、皮損面積及年齡進(jìn)行相關(guān)性統(tǒng)計(jì),發(fā)現(xiàn)白斑處sICAM-1水平與病程呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(P<0.05),與皮損面積呈正相關(guān)性(P<0.05),而節(jié)段型sICAM-1水平與年齡呈負(fù)相關(guān)性(P<0.05),提示白癜風(fēng)皮損處sICAM-1水平與白癜風(fēng)臨床特征(病程、皮損面積和年齡)存在聯(lián)系,而且是隨著病程越長(zhǎng),因子水平逐漸降低,皮損面積越大,因子水平越高以及年齡越大,節(jié)段型因子水平越低的趨勢(shì),通過這樣的趨勢(shì)分析,對(duì)判斷白癜風(fēng)的臨床分期和分型、指導(dǎo)臨床治療以及判斷預(yù)后有重要的啟示意義,也為進(jìn)一步探究sICAM-1水平與白癜風(fēng)發(fā)生發(fā)展的關(guān)系以及治療后sICAM-1水平的變化規(guī)律情況奠定了前期研究基礎(chǔ),并將有可能獲得治療新思路。
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[收稿日期]2020-06-19
本文引用格式:楊雪松,付彧,毛慧玲,等.穩(wěn)定期白癜風(fēng)患者組織液sICAM-1水平與臨床特征的相關(guān)性分析[J].中國(guó)美容醫(yī)學(xué),2021,30(6):83-86.