王慧 喬世舉 劉靜
【摘 要】 目的: 觀察西藥聯(lián)合祛風止咳方對支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作期(證屬風哮證)的臨床療效。方法: 選取60例辨證為風哮證的支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作期患者隨機分為對照組及治療組(n=30),對照組給予西醫(yī)常規(guī)治療(糖皮質(zhì)激素、支氣管擴張劑、抗生素等),治療組在對照組用藥基礎(chǔ)上加用祛風止咳方治療。比較兩組治療前后肺功能指標和臨床療效。結(jié)果:①治療組臨床總有效率明顯高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05);②治療組第1 秒用力呼氣量(FEV1)和最大呼氣流量(PEF)值均高于對照組,且兩組 FEV1和PEF數(shù)值治療后均高于治療前,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:西藥聯(lián)合祛風止咳方治療支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作期(風哮證),可有效緩解癥狀,改善患者肺功能,臨床療效確切。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 支氣管哮喘; 急性發(fā)作期;祛風止咳; 療效觀察
【中圖分類號】R256?? 【文獻標志碼】 A??? 【文章編號】1007-8517(2019)16-0087-04
Abstract:Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Qufeng Zhike Recipe in the acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma (stagnation syndrome). Methods Sixty patients with acute asthmatic syndrome of bronchial asthma were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, 30 cases in each group. The control group received routine treatment with western medicine. The treatment group added hurricane to the control group. The treatment of cough expectant has a treatment period of 14 days. The lung function indexes before and after treatment and the effectiveness of TCM syndromes after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results i The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The first seconds of forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and the maximum expiratory flow (PEF) were higher in the treatment group than in the control group, and the FEV1 and PEF values were higher after treatment. Before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Qufeng Zhike Decoction can effectively relieve symptoms and improve lung function in patients with acute bronchial asthma (wind stagnation syndrome). The clinical curative effect is exact.
Keywords:Bronchial Asthma; Acute Attack; Hurricane and Cough; Therapeutic Effect
支氣管哮喘(Bronchial Asthma)作為一種全球范圍內(nèi)內(nèi)科常見的慢性呼吸道疾病,雖然依靠現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療技術(shù)在一定程度上對哮喘的病情進行了一定的臨床控制,但世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查顯示,我國哮喘的患病率及哮喘患者的病死率仍處于高速增長狀態(tài),成為嚴重威脅公共健康的慢性疾病之一[1]。
祖國醫(yī)學對哮病的認識歷史悠久,可追溯到《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》,雖無哮病之名,但“喘喝”“喘鳴”“喘呼”等名稱卻早有出現(xiàn)?!跋币幻?,則由朱丹溪在《丹溪心法》[2]中首創(chuàng)。典型哮病發(fā)作時風痰搏結(jié)于氣道,氣道攣急,患者喉間漉漉有聲,正如張仲景在《金匱要略》中將其形象的描述為“水雞聲”。風哮證是哮喘急性發(fā)作期的常見證型,占47.12%[3],尤其多見于發(fā)病率連年升高的青少年患者[4]。另外劉恩順等[5]對 1010 例發(fā)作期患者證候要素提取和分布情況研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),風邪作為病性要素達659例次(占73.7%)。曹世宏[6]認為風邪是哮喘發(fā)病的重要因素,內(nèi)外之風相合,濁氣無所出,清氣無所入,痰阻氣道,氣道痙攣,發(fā)為哮病[7]。李彥軍等[8]更是提出“過敏性哮喘發(fā)病關(guān)鍵為五臟伏風,氣道痙攣是風盛則痙的病理生理表現(xiàn)”。魏文浩教授也表示,風哮患者體內(nèi)宿有“夙根”,外風入侵,經(jīng)口鼻而入,引動內(nèi)風即可出現(xiàn)喘噓氣促而不得臥,喉間風響等癥[9]。
目前,西醫(yī)對哮喘的治療首選藥物為ICS,作為一種慢性呼吸道病癥,需長期使用該類藥物控制氣道痙攣。但對于慢性持續(xù)期的哮喘患者,長期使用激素的過程中,患者需承擔藥物帶來的各種不良反應(yīng),這對患者的工作及生活質(zhì)量造成不同程度的影響。中醫(yī)藥治療支氣管哮喘取得了較為滿意的療效,逐漸顯示出優(yōu)勢[10-11]。筆者采用祛風止咳方治療支氣管哮喘急性發(fā)作期(風哮證)患者30例,臨床療效滿意,現(xiàn)報告如下。