文、圖/中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)駐紐約辦事機(jī)構(gòu)
章啟月(Zhang Qiyue)
中國駐紐約總領(lǐng)事
中國共產(chǎn)黨第十九次全國代表大會(huì)于2017年10月勝利閉幕。這是一次意義非凡的大會(huì),會(huì)上宣布中國特色社會(huì)主義進(jìn)入了新時(shí)代,為我們描繪了中國未來發(fā)展的宏偉藍(lán)圖,并指出中國社會(huì)的主要矛盾已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為人民日益增長的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發(fā)展之間的矛盾。換言之,人民希望過上更美好的生活。中國的目標(biāo)是到2020年消除絕對貧困,到2049年建成社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國家。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo),我們需要進(jìn)一步深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距,鼓勵(lì)開拓創(chuàng)新,改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。更重要的是,我們要堅(jiān)持對外開放。正如習(xí)近平總書記所言:“中國開放的大門永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)關(guān)閉,只會(huì)越開越大。”中國將為美國提供更開放的市場,也歡迎世界各地的朋友到中國旅游、學(xué)習(xí)和工作。中國的開放度與日俱增,我們所要做的便是抓住此機(jī),時(shí)不我待。
中國為未來的發(fā)展明確了長遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo),它的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要一個(gè)穩(wěn)定、有利的外部環(huán)境,尤其需要與像美國這樣的世界大國建立穩(wěn)定、持續(xù)、平衡的雙邊關(guān)系。中美關(guān)系是最重要的雙邊關(guān)系,對世界有著舉足輕重的意義。中方高度重視中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展。2017年11月,美國總統(tǒng)特朗普對中國進(jìn)行了國事訪問,這是特朗普總統(tǒng)就任以來首次訪華。中國以“國事訪問+”的規(guī)格接待了特朗普總統(tǒng),習(xí)近平夫婦陪同特朗普夫婦參觀故宮博物院,并安排家庭晚宴。在為期兩天的訪問中,兩國元首會(huì)晤超過10個(gè)小時(shí),雙方進(jìn)行了富有成果的會(huì)談,對雙邊關(guān)系產(chǎn)生了積極影響。在兩國元首的共同見證下,中美簽訂了涵蓋能源、飛機(jī)、芯片、大豆等商品在內(nèi)的共計(jì)2535億美元的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作訂單。習(xí)近平和特朗普還回顧了自2016年4月首次會(huì)晤后確立的四個(gè)高級別對話機(jī)制的進(jìn)展情況,內(nèi)容包括外交安全對話、全面經(jīng)濟(jì)對話、執(zhí)法及網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全對話、社會(huì)和人文對話。雙方還進(jìn)一步探索中美潛在的合作領(lǐng)域。不可否認(rèn),中美之間還存在諸多分歧,但是雙方都意識到妥善處理分歧的重要性。應(yīng)有之舉便是保持當(dāng)下政府和民間在對話與交流上的良好態(tài)勢。
China has just concluded the 19thParty Congress in October.This is a significant event for the country, as the Congress announced china’s development has entered a new era. A blueprint has been made for future growth, with a view to addressing imbalanced and inadequate development and meeting the economic, political cultural, social, and ecological needs of our people. In other words, we want to offer the people a better life. Our vision is to eliminate extreme poverty by 2020 and develop China into a great modern nation by 2049.To make these goals into reality, we will in the coming years deepen economic reform, reduce social disparity, encourage innovation, improve environment and above all, continue our opening-up to the outside world. As President Xi Jinping said,“China’s door to the world will never close, but will only open wider.”We will offer more market access to US companies and welcome more international friends to travel, study and work in China. Openness grows everyday: what we need to do is to seize the day and seize opportunities.
As China has set a long-term goal for development, it requires a stable and favorable external environment to carry out that goal. In particular, we need to build a stable, sustained and balanced relationship with major countries such as the United States. China-US relationship is the most defining bilateral relationship in the world. The Chinese side places a high premium on growing our bilateral ties. Last month, President Trump paid his fi rst state visit to China. He was given a “state visit plus” reception, as President Xi Jinping personally gave him a special tour of Forbidden City and arranged for him a family dinner. In the two day’s visit, the two presidents spent more than 10 hours together, which yielded fruitful discussion and positive outcomes. They witnessed, among other things,the signing of business contracts worth of $253 billion, rang-ing from energy deals to the purchase of US airplanes, chipsets and soybeans. They also reviewed the progress of the four dialogues initiated in their first meeting last April, covering diplomacy and security, economy and trade. law enforcement and cyber security as well as on people-to-people exchanges.All of them have had the fi rst round of dialogues this year and have delivered concrete bene fi ts for the two peoples. The two sides are still exploring potentials for cooperation. Of course there are some areas in our relations where we do not always see eye to eye, but both sides recognize the importance of properly managing our differences. The right approach to that is to keep momentum of dialogues and exchanges, both on national and sub-nation levels.
If we look back at china-us relations, our state-to-state ties just began with people-to-people exchanges. 50 years ago, it is the Ping Pong Diplomacy that drove normalization of China-US relations. Stephen, you were deeply involved in that process and you should be very proud of that. On this people-topeople exchange, the Association for International Exchange of Personnel has also played a positive role in fostering subnational ties between our two countries. Over the last 30 years,you have maintained deep engagements with a host of US educational institutions, industrial associations and famous scholars, made great efforts in arranging academic visits and offered good services to foreign experts working in China.This has greatly substantiated our people-to-people ties, as we see many foreign experts have come to China-some even spent most of their life time there-and helped China in many ways to transform to a modern and prosperous society. These efforts form the fundamental part of our state-to-state ties, and help to build an even closer relationship between the two countries.
中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)駐紐約辦事機(jī)構(gòu)成立30周年座談會(huì)活動(dòng)開始前,國家外國專家局局長張建國(右二)和中國駐紐約總領(lǐng)事章啟月(右一)會(huì)面交流
回望中美關(guān)系,官方層面的交往正是源于民間的友好交流。50年前,“乒乓外交”拉開了中美關(guān)系正?;男蚰弧R源龠M(jìn)兩國人民民心相通為基礎(chǔ),中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)在促進(jìn)中美民間關(guān)系上發(fā)揮了積極作用。過去的30年里,協(xié)會(huì)保持了與美方教育機(jī)構(gòu)、企業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)和知名學(xué)者的深度合作,為推進(jìn)學(xué)術(shù)訪問、外國學(xué)者來華工作作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。這些努力維系了中美之間人文交流的紐帶。我們欣喜地看到越來越多的外國專家來華工作,有些專家甚至大部分時(shí)間都在中國工作,幫助中國向現(xiàn)代化大國邁進(jìn)。中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)的努力為政府層面的互動(dòng)提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),極大地拉近了中美兩國之間的關(guān)系。(譯/張怡晟)
2010年度中國政府友誼獎(jiǎng)獲得者許國光博士在協(xié)會(huì)駐紐約辦事機(jī)構(gòu)30周年座談會(huì)上致辭
許國光(Xu Guoguang)
2010年度中國政府友誼獎(jiǎng)獲得者
很榮幸,2010年我獲得中國政府友誼獎(jiǎng)。這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)是頒給那些為中國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展作出突出貢獻(xiàn)的外國專家。我與中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)的合作可以追溯到2002年,但我至今也不敢說自己有多大的貢獻(xiàn)。不過,我覺得很幸運(yùn),能將自己的職業(yè)生涯與中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合在一起。我相信所有的友誼獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨挤浅O矚g在中國生活,哪怕理由各不相同。眾所周知,中國人在學(xué)習(xí)的道路上始終保持著認(rèn)真好奇的態(tài)度,并懷揣著強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。“學(xué)而時(shí)習(xí)之,不亦說乎?”中國人禮賢下士,用自己的勤勉踐行孔子在《論語》中的主張。除了業(yè)務(wù)成就外,我們有幸領(lǐng)略中國山河的壯美和文化的燦爛。
我們都有一個(gè)感同身受的體驗(yàn),那便是當(dāng)代中國自下而上、由內(nèi)而外的變化,用“翻天覆地”來形容也不為過。比如,中國的大門——北京首都國際機(jī)場,它的變化是中國騰飛的一個(gè)縮影。在早年,國外飛機(jī)抵達(dá)北京是降落在T1航站樓;到了20世紀(jì)九十年代,我們可以降落在T2航站樓;為了迎接2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì),北京首都國際機(jī)場修建了T3航站樓,而T3航站樓的規(guī)模比T1和T2兩個(gè)航站樓加起來還要大。如今,北京正計(jì)劃建設(shè)另一個(gè)新的國際機(jī)場。無論是世界史還是中國史,這種迅猛發(fā)展的情況都是非常罕見的?,F(xiàn)在我們正處于這樣一個(gè)數(shù)百年難遇的時(shí)代里,我非常榮幸能見證這場巨變。
It’s my honor that I am one of the 2010 Friendship Award recipients. The award is presented to “foreign experts who have made outstanding contributions to China’s economic and social progress”. While I have worked closely with CAIEP since 2002, I am not sure if I have made outstanding contributions. I have been,however, lucky enough to have spent a lot of my professional career in close contact with the Chinese economy.
I believe all the Award recipients have enjoyed their experiences in China for a multitude of reasons. It is generally agreed that Chinese people approach learning with a serious attitude and obvious curiosity, with a strong desire to absorb new knowledge.They work diligently, following the wise words of Confucius in the Analects - “Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application?” They learn with respect and appreciation toward the more knowledgeable ones. Apart from serious business exchange, we were exposed to beautiful landscapes of China, and an abundance of historical artifacts and relics.
A very precious experience shared by us is that we worked with China during a time when China was undergoing a downsideup inside-out turn-around. Calling such a change earth-shaking is not an exaggeration. The gate of China, the Beijing airport,is perhaps the most iconic and obvious example of the explosive progress. In the early days, we would land at Terminal 1 of the Beijing airport; in the late 1990s, we would land at Terminal 2.Then in the mid-2000s, in preparation for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Terminal 3 was opened, bigger than Terminal 1 and 2 combined. Flash forward to the present day, ten years later, Beijing is building a new second international airport, completely separated from the existing location. When one looks into history, either World history or Chinese history, such rapid ascension is rare. I’m very privileged to witness the change.
On a personal level, I found a place where I was able to share my experience and my expertise with people who valued and appreciated our support. I was able to observe the rapid change from the frontlines and feel as if I had grown with this country.Along the way, I have been fortunate to have CAIEP (China Association for International Exchange of Personnel) as a partner and as a friend; they have been a key driver to providing a vehicle for dialogue.
I guess, in the past, China was probably more on the receiving end of personnel exchange conducted by CAIEP. Over time,however, China’s experts have acquired some unique experience that can be shared with outside, such as experiences in civil engineering. When we say technology, the US is no doubt in the leading position. However, China has ingeniously developed a special set of knowledge in dealing with all kinds of terrains and managing construction. Let me give you an example of the latter - managing construction. You can watch a video clip on Youtube, where Chinese construction workers replaced the Sanyuan Bridge in Beijing within 43 hours. Sanyuang Bridge, as you may know, is on Beijing’s 3rd ring over the highway to the airport, one of the busiest sections in Beijing. Minimizing interruption of traf fi c is always a blessing to the general public and city business. Such an experience of expediting bridge refitting is an excellent example to share with other big cities in the States, such as Los Angeles or Atlanta. Following the example,we should, more than ever before, pursue a mutually bene fi cial and open dialogue.
Secondly, since the economic reform and opening in the 70s,China has achieved huge economic success. However, it is still a developing country with tremendous challenges ahead. The former Premier Wen Jiabao said no matter how small a problem is, when you multiply it by a population of 1.3 billion, the problem becomes colossal; no matter how big the size of an economy is, when you divide it by the population, the fortune turns trivial. I am an engineering technologist in the chemical industry, which is considered very much matured in technology. But, I can tell that there is still much room to improve. For China the needs seem to emerge in such areas as environmental protection, safety, engineering management just to name a few.In summary, I hope the CAIEP will broaden its attention by expanding into non-economy, non-production arenas with a sense of promoting a more harmonious society.
The General Secretary Xi Jinping in the press conference after the fi rst plenary session of the 19th Communist Party Central Committee said “We should never entertain the idea of taking a breather or halting our steps”. Along this direction, CAIEP will continue to play a crucial role for the next 30 years.
My CAIEP friends - you have my support and the support of countless friends outside China who will make themselves available when you need their assistance. We can work together to create a better future.
中國是一個(gè)值得我分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)、發(fā)揮所長的地方。中國人也非常重視并且感激我們的幫助。我在一線見證中國的巨變,與這個(gè)國家一起成長。一路走來,我幸運(yùn)地結(jié)識了在中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)工作的伙伴和朋友。該協(xié)會(huì)一直是推動(dòng)中國對外交往的中堅(jiān)力量,致力于打造一個(gè)國際對話交流平臺(tái)。他們讓我們感受中國人的熱情好客。
過去的中國更多的是處于人才交換的接收端。時(shí)過境遷,中國的專家現(xiàn)在擁有許多值得與外界分享的獨(dú)到經(jīng)驗(yàn),如在土木工程方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)我們提到科技,美國無疑處于領(lǐng)先地位。然而,中國巧妙地在地形勘測和建筑管理上自成一派。以建筑管理為例,大家可以在YouTube上觀看一段關(guān)于北京三元橋43小時(shí)完成改造的視頻。三元橋位于北京三環(huán)路東北角拐彎處,橫跨在機(jī)場高速公路上,該橋所處的位置是北京最繁忙的地段之一,最大限度地減少施工對交通的干擾是市民和商貿(mào)經(jīng)營者的共同心聲。這種橋梁快速改造的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是非常有價(jià)值的,是值得洛杉磯、亞特蘭大等美國大城市學(xué)習(xí)的。因此,相比以往,我們外國專家更應(yīng)該尋求一種互利和開放的對話。
自20世紀(jì)70年代改革開放以來,中國取得了舉世矚目的經(jīng)濟(jì)成就。然而,中國仍然面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn),它依舊是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家。前任總理溫家寶曾說:不管多么小的問題,只要乘以13億,那就是很大很大的問題;不管多么可觀的財(cái)力,只要除以13億,那就成為很低很低的人均水平。我是一名化工領(lǐng)域的工程技術(shù)專家,在技術(shù)上被認(rèn)為是非常成熟的,但是我覺得還有很大的提升空間。對于中國而言,這意味著要在環(huán)境保護(hù)、城市安全、工程管理等方面實(shí)現(xiàn)突破。為了建設(shè)一個(gè)更和諧的社會(huì),我希望中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)能擴(kuò)大對非經(jīng)濟(jì)、非生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的關(guān)注。
習(xí)近平總書記在第十九屆中央政治局常委同中外記者見面會(huì)上說:“我們不允許產(chǎn)生任何喘口氣、歇歇腳的念頭?!卑凑樟?xí)總書記的要求,中國國際人才交流協(xié)會(huì)必將在未來的30年發(fā)揮更大的作用。
我會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)支持中國,無數(shù)海外朋友也會(huì)鼎力相助。讓我們一同創(chuàng)造更美好的未來。(譯/張怡晟)
Robert Reinstein
美國天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院前院長、2003年度中國友誼獎(jiǎng)獲得者
30年來,國家外國專家局為促進(jìn)中美兩國關(guān)系作出了卓越貢獻(xiàn),極大地加強(qiáng)了這兩個(gè)偉大的民族在教育和研究方面的相互交流。
天普大學(xué)非常榮幸能夠成為這種歷史性的發(fā)展與交流中的一分子。1979年,天普大學(xué)榮幸地為鄧小平先生授予榮譽(yù)法學(xué)博士學(xué)位。從那時(shí)起,我們就積極地展開與中國的合作。天普大學(xué)和國家外國專家局的合作由來已久,特別是在法學(xué)教育方面,取得了令人矚目的成果。在中國國家外國專家局的支持下,天普大學(xué)已與中國的許多大學(xué)和政府單位建立了良好的關(guān)系,包括全國人民代表大會(huì)、最高人民法院和最高人民檢察院。
我本人有幸與國家外國專家局合作多年,也結(jié)識了很多外專局的朋友。我們之間的深入交流與國家外國專家局的大力支持是密不可分的。我們與外專局的三任局長都有過合作,他們都非常支持我們的工作。我十分欣賞萬學(xué)遠(yuǎn)局長的睿智、季允石局長的幽默和張建國局長的熱忱。2003年,張建國局長計(jì)劃到天普大學(xué)做一年的訪問學(xué)者,我非常高興地答應(yīng)并準(zhǔn)備好了正式的邀請函。然而就在他動(dòng)身之前,他因升職而推遲了來訪計(jì)劃。雖然,我們失去了一位好的訪問學(xué)者,但國家外國專家局卻迎來了又一任優(yōu)秀的局長。天普大學(xué)非常珍惜與國家外國專家局的長期合作關(guān)系。雙方合作的歷史自1997年開始,最有代表意義的合作項(xiàng)目是清華大學(xué)與天普大學(xué)合作舉辦的“清華—天普美國法學(xué)碩士教育項(xiàng)目”。該項(xiàng)目首開中美法律教育交流的先河,同時(shí)得到中國教育部和美國律師協(xié)會(huì)(ABA—美國法律教育認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu))的承認(rèn),已成為在中國本土取得美國法學(xué)學(xué)位證書的歷史最長的項(xiàng)目。
天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院為最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院和中華全國律師協(xié)會(huì)的法律工作者提供非學(xué)位的短期教育合作項(xiàng)目,也為研究中美法學(xué)的大學(xué)法學(xué)教授們提供學(xué)術(shù)交流和課程開發(fā)的機(jī)會(huì)。清華—天普法學(xué)碩士項(xiàng)目積極在中國舉辦各類經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流會(huì)和學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì),先后在北京和青島成功舉辦了法學(xué)教育經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流會(huì),在西寧舉辦了公正刑事程序?qū)W術(shù)與實(shí)踐研討會(huì),在北京和昆明舉辦了衛(wèi)生法討論會(huì)。天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院的國際法和公共政策研究中心定期舉辦各項(xiàng)學(xué)術(shù)型圓桌會(huì)議,至今已成功舉辦了以WTO合規(guī)討論、網(wǎng)絡(luò)法規(guī)、環(huán)境法規(guī)與政策、國際私法以及健康法規(guī)與政策等法律問題為主題的圓桌會(huì)議,在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都獲得了實(shí)實(shí)在在的成果,并在中美兩國的法律研究方面發(fā)表和出版了許多文章和著作。在國家外國專家局的指導(dǎo)和建議下,天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院和中國國內(nèi)七所大學(xué)結(jié)成合作伙伴關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)了深度的學(xué)術(shù)交流。天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院向這些合作院校的教師們提供赴美進(jìn)修的機(jī)會(huì),接受學(xué)生們到天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院交換學(xué)習(xí),同時(shí)這些合作院校也成為天普學(xué)生到中國的留學(xué)基地。
SAFEA’s dedicated work in New York, which now extends for three decades, has significantly contributed to the positive relationship of the United States and China, and the vast growth of the mutual exchanges in education and research between our two great nations.
Temple is proud to be part of efforts in promoting this development and growth. In 1979, Temple had the honor of awarding an Honorary Doctor of Law Degree on Deng Xiaoping. Since then,we have been actively engaged in cooperation with China. Temple and SAFEA have a long history of collaboration, particularly in the area of legal education. With SAFEA’s support, Temple has established strong relationships with many Chinese universities and government entities, including the National People’s Congress,Supreme People’s Court and Supreme People’s Procuratorates.
I have had the privilege working with SAFEA for many years and have so many friends in SAFEA. Our mutually bene fi cial exchanges with China could not have occurred without the tremendous support that SAFEA provided. We have worked with three SAFEA ministers, all of whom have been extraordinarily supportive. Thinking about each, I particularly value Minister Wan Xueyuan’s wisdom, Minister Ji Yunshi’ humor and Minister Zhang Jianguo’s enthusiasm. In 2003, Minister Wan asked me to accept Mr. Zhang Jianguo as a visiting fellow at Temple for a year, and I happily signed the invitation letter. Shortly before his departure for Temple, Mr. Zhang Jianguo was promoted and thus had to postpone his visit. We lost the chance to have a wonderful visiting fellow, but SAFEA got a chance to have a great minister.
Temple treasures our relationship with SAFEA. The most important of our partnership is the rule of law initiatives, which we began together in 1997. The centerpiece of these initiatives is the Temple-Tsinghua Master of Laws program in Beijing. This program is the fi rst program to be accredited by both the Chinese Ministry of Education and the American Bar Association to offer a foreign law degree in China, and it remains the only one that offers in-country American law degrees in China.
In collaboration with SAFEA, Temple has offered non-degree legal education for judges in cooperation with the Supreme People’s Court, for prosecutors with the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, and for lawyers with the All China Lawyers Association.Temple has also supported scholarly research by American and Chinese law professors and curriculum development for Chinese law schools in developing areas of law. Past workshops include an Experiential Legal Education Course Materials Workshop in Beijing and Qingdao, Fair Criminal Trial Workshop in Xining, and Health Law conference in Beijing and Kunming.
Temple’s Institute for International Law and Public Policy has hosted month-long roundtables on WTO Compliance, Law of the Internet, Environmental Law and Policy, Private International Law, and Health Care Regulation. All roundtables and workshops have produced concrete results, including articles and books published in the United States and China. Finally, Temple partners with seven Chinese law schools for academic exchange,providing Chinese faculty with resources to conduct research at Temple and students with opportunities to study abroad at Temple as part of their legal studies in China. These programs have all been conducted with SAFEA’s support and guidance.
To date, 1,511 legal professionals have participated in our ruleof-law initiatives, including 390 judges, 173 prosecutors, 142 government officials, and 170 law professors. This number includes the graduates and students in our Temple-Tsinghua Master of Laws program, which now total 726.
These results could not have occurred without the SAFEA’s support and guidance. Each year, Temple law school’s leadership visits SAFEA in Beijing, and each visit for us is like a return home. We truly delight in our partnership and look forward to continuing to working together to reach our common goals. I am sure that our partnership with SAFEA will continue - and will continue to grow. You can count on our continued support.
迄今為止,在法學(xué)教育這一重點(diǎn)合作領(lǐng)域,天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院已為中國培養(yǎng)了1511名國際法律專業(yè)人才,其中包括390 名法官、173名檢察官、142名政府官員和170名執(zhí)業(yè)律師。其中有726人是從清華—天普法學(xué)合作項(xiàng)目取得了美國法學(xué)碩士學(xué)位(包括在讀生)。
如此豐碩的成果離不開國家外國專家局的支持和指導(dǎo)。每年秋季,天普大學(xué)如期訪問國家外國專家局,每一次訪問都如同老友再會(huì)一樣倍感親切。我們十分欣慰能有這樣長期的合作伙伴,天普大學(xué)法學(xué)院將一如既往地支持和配合國家外國專家局的工作。讓我們放眼未來,為了我們共同的目標(biāo)攜手共進(jìn),祝愿外專局不斷創(chuàng)造輝煌的成就。