国产日韩欧美一区二区三区三州_亚洲少妇熟女av_久久久久亚洲av国产精品_波多野结衣网站一区二区_亚洲欧美色片在线91_国产亚洲精品精品国产优播av_日本一区二区三区波多野结衣 _久久国产av不卡

?

心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的臨床應(yīng)用效果

2018-02-22 14:41劉歡
中國(guó)當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥 2018年36期
關(guān)鍵詞:助產(chǎn)護(hù)理臨床應(yīng)用效果心理護(hù)理

劉歡

[摘要]目的 研究分析心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的臨床應(yīng)用效果。方法 選取2017年6月~2018年6月在我院分娩的62例產(chǎn)婦作為研究對(duì)象,將其隨機(jī)分為常規(guī)組和心理護(hù)理組,每組各31例。常規(guī)組產(chǎn)婦在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中采用一般化護(hù)理,心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦在常規(guī)組基礎(chǔ)上加用心理護(hù)理。比較兩組產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作的滿意度;比較兩組產(chǎn)婦的宮口擴(kuò)張時(shí)間、胎兒娩出時(shí)間、胎盤娩出時(shí)間、總產(chǎn)程時(shí)間、產(chǎn)婦疼痛評(píng)分、產(chǎn)后2 h出血量、護(hù)理前后產(chǎn)婦不良情緒評(píng)分;比較兩組產(chǎn)婦的剖宮產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁發(fā)生率、新生兒窒息率。結(jié)果 心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作的總滿意度顯著高于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);心理護(hù)理組的宮口擴(kuò)張時(shí)間、胎兒娩出時(shí)間、胎盤娩出時(shí)間、總產(chǎn)程時(shí)間顯著短于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理后的疼痛評(píng)分顯著低于常規(guī)組,產(chǎn)后2 h出血量顯著少于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理前的不良情緒評(píng)分比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理后的不良情緒評(píng)分低于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);心理護(hù)理組的剖宮產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁發(fā)生率、新生兒窒息率顯著低于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的臨床應(yīng)用效果確切,可有效改善產(chǎn)婦不良情緒,提高產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理滿意度,值得推廣。

[關(guān)鍵詞]心理護(hù)理;助產(chǎn)護(hù)理;臨床應(yīng)用效果

[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.7 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721(2018)12(c)-0207-04

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the clinical effect of psychological nursing in midwifery nursing. Methods Sixty-two cases of parturient women in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected as subjects and were randomly divided into routine group and psychological care group, 31 cases in each group. General nursing was used in the conventional group. The psychological nursing group added psychological nursing on the basis of routine group. The maternal satisfaction with nursing was compared between the two groups. The time of uterine mouth dilatation, fetal delivery time, placental delivery time, total labor duration, maternal pain score, postpartum 2 h blood loss, maternal adverse mood score before and after nursing were compared between the two groups. The rates of cesarean section, postpartum depression and neonatal asphyxia were compared between the two groups. Results The total maternal satisfaction with nursing work in the psychological nursing group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The time of uterine mouth dilation, fetal delivery time, placental delivery time, the total delivery time in the psychological nursing group were significantly shorter than those in the conventional group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The pain score of the psychological nursing group was significantly lower than that of the conventional group, and the amount of postpartum bleeding was significantly lower than that of the conventional group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the score of adverse emotions before maternal care (P>0.05). The score of negative emotion after nursing in the psychological nursing group was lower than that of the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The rates of cesarean section, postpartum depression and neonatal asphyxia in the psychological nursing group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Psychological nursing in the clinical application of midwifery nursing effect is precise, can effectively improve maternal bad mood, improve maternal satisfaction with nursing, worthy of promotion.

[Key words] Psychological nursing; Midwifery care; Clinical application effect

分娩是胎兒離開母體成為獨(dú)立個(gè)體的過(guò)程,其主要分為宮口擴(kuò)張期、胎兒分娩期以及胎盤娩出期三個(gè)階段,其中,宮口擴(kuò)張期時(shí)間最長(zhǎng),產(chǎn)婦在該階段需忍受極大疼痛,可存在焦慮抑郁等不良情緒。因此,在助產(chǎn)過(guò)程需加強(qiáng)對(duì)產(chǎn)婦的有效護(hù)理,以縮短產(chǎn)程,改善母嬰預(yù)后[1-2]。本研究選取在我院分娩的62例產(chǎn)婦作為研究對(duì)象,將其隨機(jī)分為常規(guī)組和心理護(hù)理組,就心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的臨床應(yīng)用效果進(jìn)行分析,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1資料與方法

1.1一般資料

選取2017年6月~2018年6月在我院分娩的62例產(chǎn)婦作為研究對(duì)象,納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①患者均單胎妊娠;②患者均自愿加入本實(shí)驗(yàn)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①雙胎第以及多胎妊娠者;②艾滋病、血液等傳染病患者;③符合剖宮產(chǎn)手術(shù)指征患者。將其隨機(jī)分為常規(guī)組和心理護(hù)理組,每組各31例。常規(guī)組分娩產(chǎn)婦31例,年齡22~40歲,平均(27.13±3.21)歲;孕齡36~42周,平均(39.12±1.39)周;初產(chǎn)婦20例,經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦11例。心理護(hù)理組分娩產(chǎn)婦31例,年齡22~39歲,平均(27.27±3.45)歲;孕齡36~42周,平均(39.35±1.42)周;初產(chǎn)婦21例,經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦10例。兩組患者的一般資料比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究經(jīng)我院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)審核及同意。

1.2方法

常規(guī)組助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中采用一般化護(hù)理。①第一產(chǎn)程:每隔4~6 h對(duì)孕婦體溫進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè),并監(jiān)測(cè)呼吸和脈搏、血壓,若出現(xiàn)異常需及時(shí)匯報(bào)主管醫(yī)生并及早進(jìn)行對(duì)癥處理,鼓勵(lì)孕產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)食營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富、清淡易消化飲食,少食多餐,并指導(dǎo)其在產(chǎn)時(shí)中適當(dāng)活動(dòng)。指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)婦排空直腸和膀胱,在臨產(chǎn)后2~4 h排小便1次,避免對(duì)胎頭下降和子宮收縮產(chǎn)生不良影響。②第二產(chǎn)程中加強(qiáng)對(duì)產(chǎn)婦生命體征的監(jiān)測(cè)和一般情況的觀察,指導(dǎo)產(chǎn)婦屏氣,并做好接產(chǎn)的準(zhǔn)備。加強(qiáng)心音和胎心率變化監(jiān)護(hù),出現(xiàn)異常需立刻檢查陰道并盡快結(jié)束分娩。③第三產(chǎn)程在胎兒娩出之后需觀察產(chǎn)婦陰道出血情況、子宮收縮和胎盤剝離情況等,在胎兒娩出之后立刻進(jìn)行呼吸道清理,預(yù)防吸入性肺炎的發(fā)生。協(xié)助產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行胎盤和胎膜娩出,并處理臍帶,對(duì)胎盤胎膜以及軟產(chǎn)道進(jìn)行檢查,預(yù)防產(chǎn)后出血的發(fā)生[3-4]。

心理護(hù)理組在常規(guī)組基礎(chǔ)上加用心理護(hù)理。①在產(chǎn)前對(duì)孕產(chǎn)婦進(jìn)行分娩知識(shí)的講解,對(duì)其提出的問(wèn)題耐心回答,并給予分娩注意事項(xiàng)解說(shuō),彼此建立良好信任關(guān)系。②產(chǎn)程中助產(chǎn)人員全程陪伴產(chǎn)婦,給予其情感上的支持和安慰、鼓勵(lì),協(xié)助產(chǎn)婦完成飲水、擦汗等生理需求,并給予深呼吸、體位等的指導(dǎo),消除產(chǎn)婦恐懼和緊張心理,使產(chǎn)婦提高分娩配合度,減輕宮縮疼痛,縮短產(chǎn)程,確保分娩順利,降低剖宮產(chǎn)率[5-6]。

1.3觀察指標(biāo)

比較兩組產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作的滿意率;比較兩組產(chǎn)婦的宮口擴(kuò)張時(shí)間、胎兒娩出時(shí)間、胎盤娩出時(shí)間、總產(chǎn)程時(shí)間、產(chǎn)婦疼痛評(píng)分、產(chǎn)后2 h出血量、護(hù)理前后產(chǎn)婦不良情緒評(píng)分;比較兩組產(chǎn)婦的剖宮產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁發(fā)生率、新生兒窒息率。

產(chǎn)婦疼痛評(píng)分根據(jù)視覺疼痛評(píng)分表進(jìn)行判斷,輕度疼痛:1~3分;中度疼痛:4~6分;重度疼痛:6分以上。產(chǎn)婦不良情緒評(píng)分總分為100分,<40分為輕度抑郁,40~70分為中度抑郁,>70分為重度抑郁,得分越高患者的抑郁程度越嚴(yán)重。產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作的滿意度采用調(diào)查問(wèn)卷形式進(jìn)行調(diào)查,調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括對(duì)助產(chǎn)中服務(wù)態(tài)度和操作水平的滿意情況,總分為10分,>9分代表非常滿意;7~9分為比較滿意;<7分代表不滿意。護(hù)理總滿意度=(非常滿意+比較滿意)例數(shù)/總例數(shù)×100%[7]。

1.4統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

采用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,兩組間比較采用t檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料采用率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

2結(jié)果

2.1兩組產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作總滿意度的比較

心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作的總滿意度顯著高于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表1)。

2.2兩組產(chǎn)婦宮口擴(kuò)張時(shí)間、胎兒娩出時(shí)間、胎盤娩出時(shí)間、總產(chǎn)程時(shí)間的比較

心理護(hù)理組的宮口擴(kuò)張時(shí)間、胎兒娩出時(shí)間、胎盤娩出時(shí)間、總產(chǎn)程時(shí)間顯著短于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表2)。

2.3兩組產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后2 h出血量、治療前后疼痛評(píng)分的比較

心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦的產(chǎn)后2 h出血量顯著少于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。護(hù)理前,兩組產(chǎn)婦的疼痛評(píng)分比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);護(hù)理后,兩組產(chǎn)婦的疼痛評(píng)分均低于護(hù)理前,且心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦的疼痛評(píng)分顯著低于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表3)。

2.4兩組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理前后不良情緒評(píng)分的比較

護(hù)理前,兩組產(chǎn)婦的不良情緒(焦慮、抑郁)評(píng)分比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);護(hù)理后,心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦的不良情緒評(píng)分顯著低于護(hù)理前及常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表4)。

2.5兩組產(chǎn)婦剖宮產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁發(fā)生率、新生兒窒息率的比較

心理護(hù)理組的剖宮產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁發(fā)生率、新生兒窒息率顯著低于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表5)。

3討論

分娩為女性正常生理現(xiàn)象,能否順利分娩和產(chǎn)婦體力、精神狀況、胎兒情況等均有密切關(guān)系[8-9]。多數(shù)產(chǎn)婦在產(chǎn)前可出現(xiàn)焦慮和恐懼等不良心理狀態(tài),可對(duì)產(chǎn)婦心率、血壓和呼吸等造成不良影響,從而引發(fā)分娩不良事件的發(fā)生。在分娩期間注重對(duì)產(chǎn)婦的心理護(hù)理,可加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)前對(duì)產(chǎn)婦的心理疏導(dǎo),使其對(duì)分娩有更好的認(rèn)知,減輕產(chǎn)前焦慮情緒,以良好的心態(tài)迎接新生命的到來(lái)[10-12]。另外,產(chǎn)程中給予有效心理疏導(dǎo),可給產(chǎn)婦帶來(lái)情感支撐,使其受到鼓舞和安慰,提高分娩信心和產(chǎn)程配合度,有助于加速胎兒娩出,縮短產(chǎn)程,減輕產(chǎn)痛,減少圍產(chǎn)期產(chǎn)婦和胎兒不良現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生,對(duì)改善分娩結(jié)局十分重要[13-16]。

本研究中,常規(guī)組助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中采用一般化護(hù)理,心理護(hù)理組在常規(guī)組基礎(chǔ)上加用心理護(hù)理。結(jié)果提示,心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦對(duì)護(hù)理工作的滿意度顯著高于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);心理護(hù)理組的宮口擴(kuò)張時(shí)間、胎兒娩出時(shí)間、胎盤娩出時(shí)間、總產(chǎn)程時(shí)間顯著短于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理后的疼痛評(píng)分顯著低于常規(guī)組,產(chǎn)后2 h出血量顯著少于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理前的不良情緒評(píng)分比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);心理護(hù)理組產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理后的不良情緒評(píng)分低于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);心理護(hù)理組的剖宮產(chǎn)率、產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)后抑郁發(fā)生率、新生兒窒息率顯著低于常規(guī)組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。

綜上所述,心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的臨床應(yīng)用效果確切,可有效改善產(chǎn)婦不良情緒,提高產(chǎn)婦護(hù)理滿意度,值得推廣。

[參考文獻(xiàn)]

[1]Haith-Cooper M,Bradshaw G.Meeting the health and social care needs of pregnant asylum seekers;midwifery students′ perspectives. Part 3;"The pregnant woman within the global context";an inclusive model for midwifery education to address the needs of asylum seeking women in the UK[J].NET,2013,33(9):1045-1050.

[2]高建珍.心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的應(yīng)用效果[J].求醫(yī)問(wèn)藥(下半月刊),2013,11(10):220-221.

[3]Haith-Cooper M,Bradshaw G.Meeting the health and social needs of pregnant asylum seekers:Midwifery students′ perspectives.Part 2:Dominant discourses and approaches to care[J].NET,2013,33(8):772-777.

[4]張莉.陪伴助產(chǎn)對(duì)分娩質(zhì)量影響的相關(guān)研究[J].實(shí)用臨床醫(yī)藥雜志,2012,16(24):149-150,154.

[5]McLelland G,McKenna L,F(xiàn)rench J,et al.Crossing professional barriers with peer-assisted learning:Undergraduate midwifery students teaching undergraduate paramedic students[J].NET,2013,33(7):724-728.

[6]寧英華.心理護(hù)理在產(chǎn)婦責(zé)任制助產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥導(dǎo)報(bào),2010,7(33):64,67

[7]席蓉.心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的應(yīng)用效果[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥指南,2016,14(17):218-219.

[8]Sweet,LP,Glover P.An exploration of the midwifery continuity of care program at one Australian University as a symbiotic clinical education model[J].NET,2013,33(3):262-267.

[9]黃春英.高齡產(chǎn)婦心理護(hù)理對(duì)分娩方式和產(chǎn)程的影響[J].中國(guó)醫(yī)藥指南,2012,10(18):338-339.

[10]張麗萍.妊娠高血壓綜合征患者的產(chǎn)程觀察及護(hù)理[J].中國(guó)實(shí)用護(hù)理雜志,2011,27(29):37-38

[11]張晶.心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用效果分析[J].中國(guó)保健營(yíng)養(yǎng),2015,25(14):173-174.

[12]羅運(yùn)靜.個(gè)性化心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)工作中的臨床作用[J].臨床醫(yī)學(xué)工程,2012,19(6):984-985.

[13]王金坤.心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)護(hù)理中的應(yīng)用效果[J].醫(yī)療裝備,2016,29(10):184-185.

[14]向麗.心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用效果[J].求醫(yī)問(wèn)藥(學(xué)術(shù)版),2012,10(12):135.

[15]王艷杰,溫洪櫻,寧艷,等.助產(chǎn)護(hù)理對(duì)高齡產(chǎn)婦分娩結(jié)局的影響[J].國(guó)際護(hù)理學(xué)雜志,2013,32(7):1511-1512.

[16]陳楓.心理護(hù)理在助產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用效果分析[J].中國(guó)實(shí)用醫(yī)藥,2012,7(9):224-225.

猜你喜歡
助產(chǎn)護(hù)理臨床應(yīng)用效果心理護(hù)理
關(guān)于助產(chǎn)護(hù)理對(duì)高齡初產(chǎn)婦分娩方式及產(chǎn)程的影響分析
生化檢驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目在診斷肝硬化疾病中的臨床應(yīng)用效果
助產(chǎn)護(hù)理對(duì)高齡產(chǎn)婦分娩結(jié)局的影響
鈦鎳記憶合金肋骨環(huán)抱器治療多發(fā)性肋骨骨折的療效觀察
兩種方法治療急性髂股靜脈血栓對(duì)照研究
改良式低位產(chǎn)鉗術(shù)聯(lián)合無(wú)保護(hù)會(huì)陰助產(chǎn)護(hù)理在初產(chǎn)婦中的應(yīng)用效果
分娩時(shí)預(yù)防新生兒骨折的助產(chǎn)護(hù)理效果觀察
永济市| 军事| 江口县| 岱山县| 晋州市| 花莲市| 苏尼特右旗| 凤山市| 阳朔县| 石门县| 新平| 邵阳县| 霍林郭勒市| 峨眉山市| 广宗县| 石狮市| 涟源市| 渝北区| 安塞县| 宁南县| 泾川县| 改则县| 綦江县| 洛阳市| 同江市| 西藏| 通道| 甘泉县| 佛冈县| 邵武市| 陕西省| 汕尾市| 庆安县| 门头沟区| 禄劝| 灵璧县| 双桥区| 北票市| 林口县| 洛宁县| 当涂县|