吳豆豆,楊世帥,方志強,董青松
(河南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院,河南 開封 475004)
一維β-二亞胺鉀金屬有機聚合物的合成及表征
吳豆豆,楊世帥,方志強,董青松*
(河南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院,河南 開封 475004)
堿金屬鉀與異丙基β-二亞胺在四氫呋喃溶液中通過發(fā)生氧化還原反應(yīng)生成異丙基β-二亞胺鉀金屬有機化合物([K(Nacnac)]n, Nacnac = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NCMe]2CH2). 利用X射線單晶衍射分析了該化合物的晶體結(jié)構(gòu),分析結(jié)果表明該化合物是一例由堿金屬-π電子鍵誘導(dǎo)的一維超分子金屬有機聚合物.
β-二亞胺;金屬有機聚合物;晶體結(jié)構(gòu)
二亞胺作為雙齒螯合含氮配體,具有易合成、易修飾、配位能力強、配位模式多樣、氧化還原性靈活等特點,被廣泛的應(yīng)用在主族金屬和過渡金屬配位化學(xué)中[1-3]. 由于每種金屬的電子特性不同,它們所對應(yīng)的二亞胺配合物的反應(yīng)活性差別很大,如:含二亞胺配體的過渡金屬化合物可作為多種反應(yīng)的廉價、高效催化劑,在過去的幾十年中受到極大關(guān)注[4-14];而二亞胺堿金屬化合物常以中間態(tài)的形式出現(xiàn)在其他金屬化合物的合成過程中,有關(guān)該類化合物結(jié)構(gòu)的研究相對較少[15-17]. 自1974年,WHALTHER等利用紫外-可見光譜表征了含α-二亞胺的鋰、鈉和鉀化合物[18-19],隨后,各種-1和-2價的α-二亞胺堿金屬化合物相繼被報道[16-17]. 對α-二亞胺堿金屬化合物的研究使人們更清晰、更好的理解了α-二亞胺配體的氧化還原性質(zhì)及在合成其他金屬化合物中鹽交換的方式. 與α-二亞胺相比,β-二亞胺只能進行單電子的還原,穩(wěn)定金屬離子時的狀態(tài)就相對單一,故至今有關(guān)β-二亞胺堿金屬化合物的研究甚少.
為了探究β-二亞胺配體的氧化還原性及鹽交換時化合物的配位方式,我們以N-苯環(huán)上取代基為2,6-二異丙基的β-二亞胺為配體與堿金屬鉀反應(yīng),合成并得到一例一維超分子金屬有機聚合物[K(Nacnac)]n.
采用無水無氧操作的Schlenk或手套箱技術(shù), 在氬氣氛圍下進行. 挑選大小適宜、外觀較規(guī)整的單晶于惰性氣體氛圍下封入毛細(xì)管中, 在SMART APEX II 單晶衍射儀上收集衍射數(shù)據(jù). 四氫呋喃在氬氣氛圍下與鈉/二苯甲酮回流至溶液變成紫色, 并在氬氣保護下蒸出.
將配體Nacnac(1.28 g, 3.07 mmol)與堿金屬鉀(0.12 g, 3.07 mmol)加入到50 mL四氫呋喃中,室溫攪拌24 h,該過程中混合液的反應(yīng)顏色變化不明顯. 過濾反應(yīng)液并濃縮至約6 mL, 室溫下放置得到淡黃色晶體[K(Nacnac)]n.
圖1 化合物[K(Nacnac)]n的合成路線Fig.1 Synthesis of complex [K(Nacnac)]n
分子式:C29H42KN2,M= 457.75, 正交, 空間群:Pna21,a= 21.337(2) nm,b= 10.875 5(11) nm,c= 12.298 4(13) nm,β= 90°,V= 2 853.9(5) nm3,Dcalc= 1.065 g·cm-3,Z= 4,μ= 0.203 mm-1;Rint= 0.033 9,R1= 0.036 2,wR2= 0.168 6 (Igt; 2σ(I)).
堿金屬鉀與異丙基β-二亞胺在四氫呋喃中反應(yīng)分離得到一例異丙基β-二亞胺鉀金屬有機化合物, 如圖2所示. 單晶X射線衍射分析顯示,該化合物分子結(jié)構(gòu)的主體包括一個K+離子和兩個異丙基β-二亞胺配體. K原子與配體上的 2 個N 原子、鄰近 ipso-C 原子和另一配體芳環(huán)上的 3 個 C 原子配位,其成鍵類型分別是K—N鍵(K1—N1和K1—N2)與K—C鍵(K1—C6,K1—C18,K1—C20,K1—C21和K1—C22). 其中,K—N鍵的鍵長在0.265 7(8)~0.271 6(6) nm之間,K—C鍵的鍵長在0.322 2(5)~0.333 6(1) nm之間,所有K—N鍵及K—C鍵的鍵長都在可預(yù)測的范圍之內(nèi).
圖2 化合物[K(Nacnac)]n的分子結(jié)構(gòu)組成單元(為了圖片清晰,所有氫原子被省略掉)Fig.2 Representation of the molecular structure unit of [K(Nacnac)]n (All H atoms are omitted for clarity)
如圖3a所示,在該化合物中,每個異丙基β-二亞胺配體均可以與相鄰的K+離子進一步相互連接,形成一維的鏈狀結(jié)構(gòu). 在該鏈狀結(jié)構(gòu)中,異丙基β-二亞胺配體呈“V”型依次交替分布,K+離子作為節(jié)點在一維鏈的形成過程中起到了連接作用.
圖3 配合物 [K(Nacnac)]n 的一維鏈Fig.3 1D chain in compound [K(Nacnac)]n
通過發(fā)生氧化還原反應(yīng)合成出一例堿金屬K+化合物 [K(Nacnac)]n. 利用X射線單晶衍射測定了該化合物的晶體結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)果表明該化合物是由堿金屬K-π電子鍵誘導(dǎo)的一維超分子有機聚合物. 該聚合物的獲得使人們更清晰、更好的了解β-二亞胺配體的氧化性質(zhì)及在合成其他金屬化合物中鹽交換的方式.
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[責(zé)任編輯:劉紅玲]
Synthesisandcharacterizationofone-dimensionpolymericpotassiumcomplexwithβ-diimineligand
WU Doudou, YANG Shishuai, FANG Zhiqiang, DONG Qingsong*
(CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,HenanUniversity,Kaifeng475004,Henan,China)
Potassium complex withβ-diimine ligand, [K(Nacnac)]n(Nacnac = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NCMe]2CH2), has been synthesized by reaction of the diimine ligands with potassium metal in THF. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that this complex is a one-dimension metal-organic supramolecular polymer induced by potassium and π electrons.
β-diimine ligand; organometallic polymer; crystal structure
O614
A
1008-1011(2017)06-0695-03
2017-10-23.
國家自然科學(xué)基金(21702045),河南大學(xué)博士科研啟動基金(B2015106).
吳豆豆(1994-), 男, 研究方向為金屬有機化學(xué).*
, E-mail:dongqingsong01@163.com.