鄭會雪

一、文體概述

調查報告，常以圖表或提綱的方式給定寫作內容，體裁以議論文和說明文為主。文章結構通常為：General idea→Facts→Reasons→Solutions/ Suggestions/ Your idea。寫作時應注意：1. 引出報告結果或發(fā)表議論或個人看法時，常用現(xiàn)在時；如有具體的時間狀語，則應視具體情況而定。2. 遇到相似的內容描述或分析時，建議變換表達。

二、必備短語

1. do / carry out / conduct a survey on... 進行一次關于……的調查

2. 75 percent of the students 75%的學生

3. compared with與……相比

4. take up/ account for占據(jù)（……比例）

5. increase /rise /decrease /drop by 10 percent上升/下降了10%

6. put ... in the second place把……放在第二位

7. rank the first place/ rank first排在第一位

8. contribute to the problem 引起/導致這個問題

9. generally speaking總的來說

10. as far as Im concerned/ as for me就我看來

三、套用句式

1. Recently， a survey has been conducted by... among... to find out...近來，由……在……中間進行了一項……的調查。

2. The survey shows that/ According to the findings， / As the data shows， more than half of the students choose... while 34 percent of them prefer... 調查表明，超過半數(shù)的學生選擇……而34%的學生更愿意……。

3. The number of the students who... doubles that（/ the number）of those who... ……的學生人數(shù)是那些……的學生人數(shù)的兩倍。

4. One reason why... is that... Another reason contributing to the results might be that ... ……的其中一個原因是……。另一個導致這結果的原因可能是……。

5. From the above discussion，/ From what has been discussed above， we can draw a conclusion that... 從上面的討論中我們可以得出這樣一個結論……。

四、習作修改 下列習作中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。Dear Peter，

Id like to tell you something about the survey conducting last week in our school about middle school students health in China.

The survey shows that the state of middle school students body quality had been getting worse and worse year by year， with more people having the problems of being overweight. One reason could be that they have a heavy load in theirs study so that they seldom do physical exercise. Another reason is they dont do labor work like housework. Beside， they dont have a balanced diet. To deal with the situation， some experts suggest that students should do the sports for at least one hour a day. They are also advising to eat more fruit and vegetables but refuse junk food. In the end， Id like to learn from the situation about that in your country.

Yours，

Li Hua

五、課堂練習

日前QQ發(fā)布的調查報告顯示，健走已成為2016年中國人最常見的運動。假設你是李華，請給你的美國朋友Paul寫一封信，告知這一情況。內容要點：

1. 描述調查結果；

2. 分析健走最受歡迎的原因；

3. 說明你的看法；

4. 詢問美國人最常進行的運動。

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫；

3. 開頭與已經(jīng)為你寫好。

Dear Paul，

Im writing to tell you something about the survey conducted recently by social networking app QQ on most popular types of exercise among Chinese.

...

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours，

Li Hua

六、課外作業(yè)

某英文報想了解高中學生平時做家務的情況。假設你是李華，請結合調查結果，寫一篇英語短文向報社投稿。內容要點：

1. 描述圖表；

2. 分析原因；

3. 提出你的看法。

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右； 2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫。

參考答案與范文

習作修改

作者寫信向朋友說明“中學生的健康狀況”調查的結果，并給出了學生身體素質逐年下降的原因和專家建議。

1. conducting→conducted 因the survey與conduct是被動關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。

2. had→has描述學生的身體狀況變得如何應該用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，且主語the state為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故應改為has。

3. problems→problem 指being overweight的問題，故應用單數(shù)形式。

4. theirs→their 在名詞study前作定語，要用形容詞性物主代詞。

5. 在is后加that 表語從句的連接詞that雖不充當成分，但通常不省略。

6. Beside→Besides 用副詞besides表補充說明，而beside為介詞，意為“在……旁邊”。

7. 去掉the 因do sports（做運動）為固定短語。

8. advising→advised 主語they （the students）與advise是被動關系，要用被動語態(tài)。

9. but→and 此處兩個動作為并列關系而非轉折關系。

10. of→about 因learn about意為“了解”，而learn from 意為“向……學習”。

課堂練習

Dear Paul，

Im writing to tell you something about the survey conducted recently by social networking app QQ on most popular types of exercise among Chinese.

According to the survey， nearly 37 percent of the people chose fast walking as their favorite exercise while more than 23 percent selected running and more than 14 percent picked cycling. The rest preferred bodybuilding， dancing and other types of exercise.

One reason why fast walking tops popular exercise list is that fast walking is an easily accessible way with low cost. Besides， the health-conscious Chinese tend to do exercise outdoors in nature rather than being stuck in gyms or fitness facilities.

As for me， I also have a preference for this exercise， which makes me feel relaxed and energetic. Indeed， the more active we are， the more benefit we will get. By the way， whats the most popular type of exercise in America？ Im curious to know something about it.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours，

Li Hua

課外作業(yè)

Recently a survey has been conducted on how much housework students share at home. The survey shows only 20 percent of the students do housework while 70 percent admit doing only at times. The rest never help with housework.

One reason contributing to this result is that students are fully occupied with their study. Admittedly， parents who give top priority to their childrens study are also to blame. They think nothing equals study during their childrens senior school years， thus doing all that they can do to ensure that their children devote every minute to their study.

Personally， its our duty to do our share of housework as we are a member of our family. Besides， education is definitely more than acquiring knowledge. Sharing housework is supposed to be a part of education， as it helps to build a sense of responsibility.

責任編輯 蔣小青