張明輝

一、文體概述

此類作文要求考生對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行剖析并評(píng)論。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：首先說明現(xiàn)狀；其次闡述這種現(xiàn)狀產(chǎn)生或存在的原因；最后提出解決建議或總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

二、必備短語

1. with the rapid development of... 隨著……的快速發(fā)展

2. with the growing popularity of... 隨著……的日益普及

3. be brought to ones attention 引起……的關(guān)注

4. caused considerable concern引起了極大關(guān)注

5. there are several reasons why... ……有幾個(gè)方面的原因

6. ...be more and more popular /be increasingly popular……越來越受歡迎

7. account for /contribute to /lead to /result in解釋/導(dǎo)致

8. take effective measures采取有效措施

9. improve the situation改善這種狀況

10. It is universally believed that... 人們普遍認(rèn)為……

11. raise the awareness of... 喚起……的意識(shí)

三、套用句式

1. Recently there has been increasing popularity among citizens to rent bicycles to cycle home or to work. 最近，租自行車上下班在社會(huì)上變得越來越流行。

2. With the rapid development of economy， repeated heavy smog， which has been interrupting production activities and annoying peoples everyday lives， has caused considerable concern.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，頻繁出現(xiàn)的重度霧霾屢屢打斷生產(chǎn)，影響人們的日常生活，引起了極大的關(guān)注。

3. Several factors could account for the constant existence of smog. 有幾個(gè)方面的因素可以解釋霧霾的頻繁出現(xiàn)。

4. To solve the problem， clean energy as well as more efficient heating systems must be adopted.要解決這個(gè)問題，應(yīng)采用清潔能源及更加高效的供暖系統(tǒng)。

5. Secondly， emissions from automobiles is yet another primary source of urban pollution.其次，汽車尾氣也是城市污染的一個(gè)主要來源。

四、習(xí)作修改 下列習(xí)作中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

Recently there has been the increasing popularity among citizens to rent bicycles to cycle home or work. The reasons can be list as follows. First， renting bicycles through smartphones is convenient for people with need and they can park the vehicles at his convenience. Beside， the price is reasonable， comparing with other means of transportation. Last but not least， being an environmental friendly choice， it cause little pollution and will undoubtedly attract more people.

If the government can recognize online bike-sharing as part of public transportation system， in other words， with more bicycle lanes and parking place， rental bikes will sooner or later be peoples top choice if they do not need to travel far.

五、課堂練習(xí)

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，空氣污染問題也越來越嚴(yán)重。霧霾（smog）干擾生產(chǎn)并影響人們的生活，成為熱門話題。請(qǐng)用英語就此話題寫一篇短文，投給某英語報(bào)，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：

1. 霧霾的嚴(yán)重性；

2. 引起霧霾的原因；

3. 你的呼吁。

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右。

2. 可以適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：排放物emission；汽車automobile

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六、課外作業(yè)

越來越多人優(yōu)先選擇乘坐高鐵出行。請(qǐng)結(jié)合生活實(shí)際分析其中的原因并談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?/p>

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參考答案與范文

習(xí)作修改

這篇講的租用單車變得日益受歡迎的現(xiàn)象，并對(duì)其原因進(jìn)行了分析。

1. the刪除 因popularity不可數(shù)且前文并未提及。

2. or與work中間加to 因這里是cycle home or（cycle）to work，這里的to不能省略。

3. list→listed 被動(dòng)語態(tài)，用過去分詞。

4. with→in 表示“有需要的”，用in deed，是固定搭配。

5. his→their 句子主語為they，用their才前后指代一致。

6. Beside→Besides 因beside指“在什么旁邊”，besides才是“此外”的意思。

7. comparing→compared 因compared with（和……比起來）是固定短語。

8. environmental→environmentally 修飾形容詞friendly，用副詞。

9. cause→causes 主謂要一致，主語是it，應(yīng)該用causes。

10. place→places 可數(shù)名詞且需與前面的lanes一致。

課堂練習(xí)

With the rapid development of economy， repeated heavy smog， which has been interrupting production activities and annoying peoples everyday lives， has caused considerable concern. Several factors could account for the constant existence of smog. Firstly， the dependence on coal to provide power for energy is considered one of the main contributors to air pollution. Secondly， emissions from automobiles become another primary source of urban pollution. Thirdly， unfavorable weather conditions and inefficient winter heating have also contributed to the worsening of air quality. To solve the problem， clean energy as well as more efficient heating systems must be adopted.

課外作業(yè)

It is becoming increasingly clear that more and more people consider traveling by high-speed trains as their top choice. Generally， there are several reasons why high-speed trains become popular. First of all， besides its reasonable price， effective measures have been taken to make the ticket booking experience better. In addition， face recognition technology has been used to make the passenger flow smooth. Whats more， New functions are provided to help check if the tickets are available at peoples convenience. In my opinion， as long as we dont need to stand in long lines to buy tickets and then wait in equally long queues for ticket-checking， trains will undoubtedly be more popular.

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青