余水蘭 汪文雁 楊芳平
[摘要] 目的 研究分析剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)中同時(shí)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)的可行性。方法 整群選取2013年7月—2015年7月該院收治的妊娠合并子宮肌瘤患者86例,隨機(jī)分為兩組,各43例。對(duì)照組單純給予剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù),觀察組剖宮術(shù)中同時(shí)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù),對(duì)比兩組手術(shù)時(shí)間、術(shù)中出血量、惡露干凈時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間以及術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率。結(jié)果 觀察組手術(shù)時(shí)間為(60.3±20.5)min,長(zhǎng)于對(duì)照組的(37.1±20.2)min,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組術(shù)中出血量為(269.6±55.3)mL、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間為(2.4±1.3)d、惡露干凈時(shí)間為(9.5±1.4)d、住院時(shí)間為(6.7±1.5)d,與對(duì)照組相比差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);觀察組術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率為2.33%(1/43),與對(duì)照組的4.65%(2/43)相比,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。 結(jié)論 對(duì)于妊娠合并子宮肌瘤患者剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)中同時(shí)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)較為可行,其不影響患者產(chǎn)后恢復(fù),也未增加術(shù)后并發(fā)癥,可有效避免二次手術(shù),減輕患者痛苦,值得推廣。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù);子宮肌瘤切除術(shù);可行性
[中圖分類號(hào)] R737.33 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742(2016)03(c)-0043-03
Analysis of the Feasibility of Simultaneous Resection of Uterine Fibroids in Cesarean Section
YU Shui-lan, WANG Wen-yan, YANG Fang-ping
Department of Obstetrics, The 174th Hospital of PLA, Xiamen, Fujian Province, 361002 China
[Abstract] Objective To study the feasibility of simultaneous resection of uterine fibroids in cesarean section. Methods 86 cases with pregnancy and uterine fibroids admitted in our hospital from July 2013 to July 2015 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, the control group and the observation group with 43 cases in each. Patients in the control group were treated by cesarean section only, while those in the observation group were treated by cesarean section and resection of uterine fibroids. The duration of procedure, intraoperative blood loss, lochia clean time, length of stay, and incidence of postoperative complications of the two groups were compared. Results The duration of procedure was much longer in the observation group than that in the control group [(60.3±20.5) min vs (37.1±20.2) min](P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss, postoperative exhaust time, lochia clean time, length of stay was respectively (269.6±55.3) mL, (2.4±1.3) d, (9.5±1.4) d, (6.7±1.5) d in the observation group, compared with that in the control group, respectively, the differences in the above indexes were not statistically significant(P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was 2.33%(1/43), 4.65%(2/43) in the observation group and the control group with no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The implementation of concurrent resection of uterine fibroids during cesarean section is feasible in pregnant women with uterine fibroids, which can prevent the secondary surgery and relieve the suffering without affecting the postpartum recovery and increasing the postoperative complications, therefore it is worth promoting.
[Key words] Cesarean section; Resection of uterine fibroids; Feasibility
子宮肌瘤是發(fā)病率較高的婦科疾病,通常在生育年齡段的女性具有高發(fā)生率,并且分娩年齡越大發(fā)生率越高[1]。此病不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致患者出現(xiàn)子宮出血、疼痛以及白帶增多等癥狀,而且對(duì)患者心理也會(huì)有顯著影響[2]。且子宮肌瘤在妊娠期和分娩期可能會(huì)引發(fā)腫瘤相關(guān)并發(fā)癥,因此會(huì)使得剖宮產(chǎn)發(fā)生率顯著上升,而在剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)同時(shí)進(jìn)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)是否可行目前爭(zhēng)議較大[3-4]。為研究分析剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)中同時(shí)行了宮肌瘤切除術(shù)的可靠性,在該研究中對(duì)該院2013年7月—2015年7月收治的妊娠合并子宮肌瘤43例患者給予剖宮術(shù)中同時(shí)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù),將手術(shù)效果與單純行剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)做對(duì)比,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
整群選取該院收治的妊娠合并子宮肌瘤患者86例,隨機(jī)分為兩組,各43例。對(duì)照組年齡為20~39歲,平均年齡為(29.02±1.13)歲;孕周為36~41周,平均孕周為(39.81±1.22)周;其中初產(chǎn)婦29例,經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦14例;觀察組年齡為22~38歲,平均年齡為(28.42±1.18)歲;孕周為37~40周,平均孕周為(39.95±1.31)周;其中初產(chǎn)婦30例,經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦13例。
1.2 方法
在術(shù)前均給予兩組連續(xù)硬膜外麻醉,行子宮下段橫切。兩組均在前期進(jìn)行剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù),在胎兒分娩出后給予10~20 U縮宮素,去除胎盤。觀察組再進(jìn)行宮腔子宮壁檢查,根據(jù)患者子宮肌瘤的具體位置進(jìn)行手術(shù)切除。如果患者子宮肌瘤處于子宮切口附近或粘膜下,則首先進(jìn)行肌瘤切除術(shù),然后再縫合子宮漿肌層。在子宮肌瘤切除盡后間斷縫合瘤腔和子宮切口,不留死腔。縫合后肌瘤剝除切口呈線形,只暴露少量縫線。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
觀察并記錄兩組手術(shù)時(shí)間、術(shù)中出血量、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間、惡露干凈時(shí)間以及住院時(shí)間情況,同時(shí)統(tǒng)計(jì)兩組術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法
數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS 18.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,進(jìn)行t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料[n(%)]表示,進(jìn)行χ2檢驗(yàn)。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 手術(shù)指標(biāo)
觀察組手術(shù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組術(shù)中出血量、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間、惡露干凈時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間與對(duì)照組相比,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。見表1。
2.2 術(shù)后并發(fā)癥
觀察組出現(xiàn)1例術(shù)后并發(fā)癥,發(fā)生率為2.33%(1/43),對(duì)照組出現(xiàn)2例術(shù)后并發(fā)癥,發(fā)生率為4.65%(2/43),兩組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.00,P>0.05)。
3 討論
目前臨床上對(duì)于剖宮產(chǎn)時(shí)是否需要同時(shí)進(jìn)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)存在爭(zhēng)議。部分研究者[5]認(rèn)為妊娠合并子宮肌瘤患者因?yàn)榻?jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的妊娠期,而肌瘤的血管非常豐富,肌核界限并不能夠看清,因此在此時(shí)如果給予患者子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致子宮大出血;并且胎兒在分娩后子宮出現(xiàn)收縮變形,這樣會(huì)導(dǎo)致肌瘤位置改變,使得手術(shù)切除更加困難,還會(huì)使得產(chǎn)后出血和感染的發(fā)生率顯著升高,所以不認(rèn)為在剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)中進(jìn)行子宮肌瘤切除具有可行性。也有部分研究者[6]認(rèn)為,在剖宮產(chǎn)時(shí)需要盡可能切除肌瘤,這樣不僅會(huì)有效減少患者壓力,還能夠有效避免因?yàn)樽訉m肌瘤而導(dǎo)致的子宮復(fù)舊不良性產(chǎn)后出血,并且也能夠避免患者進(jìn)行二次手術(shù)的痛苦,減輕治療費(fèi)用。
而在該研究中,在剖宮產(chǎn)同時(shí)進(jìn)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)的觀察組,手術(shù)時(shí)間顯著長(zhǎng)于單純行剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)的對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);但觀察組的術(shù)中出血量、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間、惡露干凈時(shí)間以及住院時(shí)間,與對(duì)照組相比均差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。而在程書梅[7]的研究中表明,剖宮產(chǎn)同時(shí)進(jìn)行子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)患者的術(shù)中出血量、惡露干凈時(shí)間、術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間以及術(shù)后住院時(shí)間分別為(162.6±9.2)mL、(9.7±1.2)d、(2.3±1.2)d和(6.9±1.7)d,均與單純行剖宮產(chǎn)術(shù)者差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),其與該次研究結(jié)果相類似。