任 飛, 王婷婷, 王春雷
(中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院 老年醫(yī)學(xué)科, 遼寧 沈陽(yáng) 110001)
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布洛芬對(duì)MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞中NF-kB蛋白表達(dá)的影響*
任飛, 王婷婷, 王春雷**
(中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院 老年醫(yī)學(xué)科, 遼寧 沈陽(yáng)110001)
[摘要]目的: 研究布洛芬對(duì)脂多糖(LPS )介導(dǎo)的MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞中一氧化氮(NO)產(chǎn)生能力和TLR4-NF-kB通路中核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子kB(NF-kB)蛋白表達(dá)的影響。方法: 用密度梯度法分離正常健康者外周血中性白細(xì)胞并用免疫磁珠純化,用Nucleofection轉(zhuǎn)染系統(tǒng)將MyD88 siRNA基因轉(zhuǎn)染入純化后的中性白細(xì)胞;用0、5、10、50及100 μmol/L布洛芬聯(lián)合1 mg/L LPS分別刺激正常中性白細(xì)胞和已轉(zhuǎn)染的MyD88基因沉默的中性白細(xì)胞,用流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)已沉默MyD88基因的中性白細(xì)胞中NO水平,用Western Blot檢測(cè) MyD88和NF-kB蛋白表達(dá)水平。結(jié)果: 不同濃度的布洛芬均可以明顯抑制正常中性白細(xì)胞和MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO,并呈劑量依賴,50 μmol/L布洛芬濃度時(shí)抑制率最高;正常人中性白細(xì)胞MyD88和NF-κB的表達(dá)水平也隨布洛芬濃度升高而降低, 50 μmol/L布洛芬時(shí)對(duì)MyD88和NF-κB的抑制率最高;選擇50 μmol/L布洛芬處理正常中性白細(xì)胞和MyD88基因沉默的中性白細(xì)胞,可明顯抑制正常和MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞中MyD88-和NF-κB蛋白的表達(dá),與僅加LPS組比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01);正常細(xì)胞和MyD88基因沉默細(xì)胞之間產(chǎn)生NO水平和MyD88-、NF-κB蛋白的表達(dá)水平比較P>0.05。結(jié)論: 布洛芬可抑制LPS介導(dǎo)的MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞中NO產(chǎn)生,其機(jī)制可能與下調(diào)MyD88和 NF-κB蛋白水平有關(guān)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]布洛芬; 核因子-κB; MyD88; 基因沉默; 中性白細(xì)胞
布洛芬(異丁苯丙酸,Ibuprofen)為非甾體類解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥、其消炎、鎮(zhèn)痛、解熱作用顯著,不良反應(yīng)較小,在世界范圍內(nèi)得到廣泛應(yīng)用。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),布洛芬可緩解博萊霉素誘導(dǎo)的肺纖維化,其機(jī)制與抑制一氧化氮(nitrite oxide,NO)的產(chǎn)生和調(diào)控toll樣受體4(toll like receptor, TLR4)有關(guān),布洛芬可通過(guò)下調(diào)博萊霉素誘導(dǎo)的肺纖維化鼠肺泡灌洗液中MyD88的蛋白表達(dá)水平,從而降低NO含量、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)等炎癥因子的含量,減輕肺纖維化[1]。中性白細(xì)胞的TLR4主要通過(guò)依賴MyD88途徑和非依賴MyD88途徑(即TRIF途徑)起作用[2-3],其中MyD88是TLR信號(hào)通路中關(guān)鍵的轉(zhuǎn)接分子[4-6]。無(wú)論是MyD88依賴性途徑還是非MyD88依賴性途徑均可激活NF-κB和MAPK信號(hào)通道,引起一系列的炎癥介質(zhì)反應(yīng)[7-9]。本研究通過(guò)沉默中性白細(xì)胞中MyD88基因,用不同濃度的布洛芬和LP處理細(xì)胞,探討布洛芬對(duì)抑制MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO能力及對(duì)MyD88依賴性或MyD88非依賴性途徑和其下游NF-kB調(diào)控的關(guān)系。
1材料與方法
1.1材料與試劑
布洛芬購(gòu)自煙臺(tái)第二制藥廠,Human Neutrophil Enrichment Kit購(gòu)自Stemcell (Vancouver, Canada),純化LPS購(gòu)自Invivogen (San Diego, CA, USA)。MyD88 GeneSolution siRNA購(gòu)自 QIAGEN (Cambridge, MA, USA),MyD88和NF-kB抗體購(gòu)自Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA, USA),F(xiàn)icoll 購(gòu)自GE (Pittsburgh, PA, USA),RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基購(gòu)自(fetal bovine serum, FBS) ,小牛血清購(gòu)自Hyclone (Logan, UT, USA)。
1.2分離和純化中性粒細(xì)胞
取健康人新鮮抗凝靜脈血20 mL,與PBS 1∶1混勻稀釋,按2∶1加于淋巴細(xì)胞分離液;2 000 r/min離心20 min,棄去第1層血漿層和第2層細(xì)胞層,收集第3層分離液層和第4層紅細(xì)胞層,加入5 mL PBS充分混勻,1 000 r/min離心10 min,吸棄上清液,收集細(xì)胞沉淀,加入6~10倍細(xì)胞體積的紅細(xì)胞裂解液,輕輕吹打混勻,裂解紅細(xì)胞10 min。 400~500 r/min離心5 min,棄紅色上清。加入適量PBS重懸沉淀,400~500 r/min離心3 min,棄上清液,收集細(xì)胞沉淀,按5×107個(gè)細(xì)胞給予10 μL的磁珠抗體進(jìn)行隱形篩選純化細(xì)胞,得到中性白細(xì)胞。
1.3沉默MyD88基因
使用Nucleofection (Amaxa, Germany)轉(zhuǎn)染系統(tǒng)。細(xì)胞沉淀用100 μL轉(zhuǎn)染液重懸(細(xì)胞濃度約為1×106)并轉(zhuǎn)移到1.5 mL轉(zhuǎn)染杯中,加入MyD88 Gene solution siRNA 5 μL混勻,調(diào)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)染儀為優(yōu)化狀態(tài)完成轉(zhuǎn)染。通過(guò)陽(yáng)性對(duì)照的熒光標(biāo)記,應(yīng)用流式細(xì)胞儀鑒定轉(zhuǎn)染效率約為70%。對(duì)照組也進(jìn)行相同的轉(zhuǎn)染過(guò)程,以排除轉(zhuǎn)染過(guò)程對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的影響。細(xì)胞在培養(yǎng)液中孵育2 h備用。
1.4分組及布洛芬處理細(xì)胞
將布洛芬配成10 mmol/L的儲(chǔ)存液,每次試驗(yàn)時(shí)配成終濃度(現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)配)為5、10、50及100 μmol/L應(yīng)用液。將沉默MyD88基因的中性白細(xì)胞和正常中性白細(xì)胞沉淀用PMI1640培養(yǎng)液重懸,均分別均分為5份接種到24孔板,分別為L(zhǎng)PS組(未加布洛芬)、LPS+5 μmol/L布洛芬組、LPS+10 μmol/L布洛芬組、LPS+50 μmol/L布洛芬組和LPS+100 μmol/L布洛芬組,5組均分別給予1mg/L LPS刺激細(xì)胞。將所處理過(guò)的細(xì)胞置于37 ℃,5% CO2的細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱中30 min后,進(jìn)行相應(yīng)檢測(cè)。
1.5NO濃度檢測(cè)
采用流式細(xì)胞儀,應(yīng)用2′,7′-二氯熒光黃雙乙酸鹽(2,7-Dichlorodihy-drofluorescein diacetate,DCFH-DA)可以自由通過(guò)細(xì)胞膜進(jìn)入胞內(nèi),被酯酶水解成DCFH,DCFH與胞內(nèi)活性氧(reactive o xygen species,ROS)ROS反應(yīng)生成7′二氯熒光素(7′-Dichlorofluorescein,DCF),DCF被488 nm激光器激發(fā)后能發(fā)出530 nm的熒光信號(hào),被異硫氰酸熒光素(FITC)通道接受換算成NO濃度。在各組的細(xì)胞懸液中加入DCFH-DA 1 mL,使其終濃度為10 μmol/L,孵育30 min;PBS終止反應(yīng),離心并重懸細(xì)胞,立刻使用流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè),以LPS組產(chǎn)生的NO濃度作為100%,計(jì)算各組產(chǎn)生NO的百分率。
1.6MyD88和NK-κB蛋白表達(dá)
采用western blot方法,細(xì)胞沉淀經(jīng)細(xì)胞裂解液100 μL裂解后,12 000 r/min離心30 min,用堿性酚法測(cè)定上清液的蛋白濃度并調(diào)制相同的總蛋白濃度。蛋白樣品按4∶1加入上樣緩沖液,煮沸5 min;各取15 μL蛋白樣品,經(jīng)10%的SDS-PAGE電泳分離,并以濕轉(zhuǎn)法轉(zhuǎn)到PVDF膜上;在室溫下用5%的脫脂奶粉進(jìn)行封閉2 h,并用TBST洗滌3次,然后用5%的BSA抗體緩沖液按1∶1 000稀釋抗體(分別為MyD88和NF-κB抗體),孵育PVDF膜,過(guò)夜;然后洗滌3遍,進(jìn)行二抗孵育2 h。將膜洗滌3次后,ECL發(fā)光后用圖像分析儀進(jìn)行圖像分析。
2結(jié)果
2.1NO水平
從圖1可以看出不同濃度的布洛芬均可以明顯抑制正常中性白細(xì)胞和MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO,并呈劑量依賴,處理的布洛芬濃度越高抑制能力越強(qiáng),在50 μmol/L布洛芬濃度時(shí)抑制率最高。布洛芬抑制MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO能力強(qiáng)于正常中性白細(xì)胞,但差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。
圖1 布洛芬對(duì)兩種中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO能力的影響Fig.1 The effect of ibuprofen on NO production ability in normal neutrophils and MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils
2.2MyD88和NF-κB蛋白表達(dá)
圖2 布洛芬對(duì)LPS介導(dǎo)人中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生MyD88和NF-κB表達(dá)的影響Fig.2 The effect of ibuprofen on MyD88 and NF-kB expression in human neutrophils mediated by LPS
結(jié)果表明,布洛芬均可抑制正常人中性白細(xì)胞MyD88和NF-κB的表達(dá),呈劑量依賴性, 50 μmol/L布洛芬時(shí)抑制率最高,對(duì)MyD88抑制率約為50%、NF-κB為90%,見圖2。故選擇50μmol/L布洛芬處理組研究布洛芬對(duì)MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞的MyD88和NF-κB蛋白表達(dá)的影響,如圖3所示,50 μmol/L布洛芬可明顯抑制正常和MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞中MyD88-和NF-κB蛋白的表達(dá);與僅加LPS刺激比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01);而正常細(xì)胞和MyD88基因沉默細(xì)胞中MyD88和NF-κB蛋白表達(dá)的抑制率比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。
圖3 布洛芬對(duì)正常和MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞MyD88和NF-κB表達(dá)的影響 Fig.3 The effect of ibuprofen on MyD88 and NF-kB expression in normal neutrophils and MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils
3討論
MyD88是TLR信號(hào)通路中關(guān)鍵的轉(zhuǎn)接分子,TLR4是單一的TLR受體,通過(guò)2條途徑激活,一是依賴MyD88途徑,另一是非依賴MyD88途徑(即TRIF途徑)[2]。無(wú)論是MyD88依賴性還是非MyD88依賴性途徑均可激活NF-κB通道和MAPK通道。TLR4與炎癥相關(guān)性疾病之間有著密切的聯(lián)系,大量的研究顯示 TLR4/NF-κB信號(hào)通路在炎癥信號(hào)的傳遞中發(fā)揮著重要作用[6]。其中NF-κB誘導(dǎo)激酶激活I(lǐng)-κB家族α、β激酶,導(dǎo)致I-κB家族的廣泛磷酸化而降解,激活并最終啟動(dòng)TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8和IL-12等細(xì)胞因子以及輔助刺激分子CD80、CD83和CD86基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄,產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的生物效應(yīng)[10]。Konstan等[11]研究證實(shí)長(zhǎng)期服用布洛芬膠囊,血漿濃度波動(dòng)在8~90 μmol/L,平均血藥峰濃度可以達(dá)到50 μmol/L,此劑量可有效減緩囊性纖維化患者肺部疾病的進(jìn)展,并可制嗜中性白細(xì)胞遷移到肺。因此選用5~100 μmol/L濃度布洛芬用于本次研究。在哺乳動(dòng)物體內(nèi),NO是L-精氨酸在一氧化氮合酶(NOS)催化下生成的,雖生成的NO量較少, 但具有廣泛的生理功能, NO具有調(diào)節(jié)血壓、擴(kuò)張血管及抑制血小板聚集等作用,在防止心血管疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展方面發(fā)揮重要的保護(hù)作用。本研究用流式細(xì)胞儀觀察布洛芬對(duì)LPS介導(dǎo)人中性白細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生NO的能力,結(jié)果證明50 μmol/L布洛芬就能明顯抑制NO的產(chǎn)生,抑制能力達(dá)到最大。結(jié)果還顯示布洛芬呈劑量依賴性抑制正常人中性白細(xì)胞MyD88和NF-κB的表達(dá),結(jié)果與布洛芬抑制NO的產(chǎn)生一致,即50 μmol/L布洛芬即可產(chǎn)生有效抑制作用。因此,本研究用50 μmol/L布洛芬處理MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞后檢測(cè)其MyD88和NF-κB的表達(dá),發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞,布洛芬的作用更加明顯,說(shuō)明布洛芬可能部分通過(guò)MyD88的下調(diào),抑制NF-κB的表達(dá),從而降低NO的產(chǎn)生。綜上,布洛芬可抑制LPS介導(dǎo)的MyD88基因沉默中性白細(xì)胞中NO產(chǎn)生,可能與下調(diào)MyD88和 NF-κB蛋白水平有關(guān)。對(duì)于布洛芬是否影響非依賴性MyD88通道,有待于進(jìn)一步研究證實(shí)。
4參考文獻(xiàn)
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(2015-12-25收稿,2016-02-08修回)
中文編輯: 吳昌學(xué); 英文編輯: 劉華
·臨床研究·
Effect of Ibuprofen on Protein Expression of NF-κB in MyD88-knockdown Human Neutrophils
REN Fei, WANG Tingting, WANG Chunlei
(DepartmentofGeriatrics,theFirstHospitalofChinaMedicalUniversity,Shenyang110001,Liaoning,China)
[Abstract]Objective: To explore the effect of ibuprofen on NO production in LPS mediated MyD88 knockdown human neutrophils and NF-kB protein expression in TLR4-NF-κB pathway. Methods: Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation was adopted to isolate the neutrophils from the peripheral blood of healthy people and Easysep Neutrophil Enrichment Kit was used to purify neutrophils. Nucleofection technology was adopted to transfer MyD88 siRNA into the purified neutrophils. The cells were inbucated with ibuprofen (5 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L) combined with 1mg/L LPS respectively to stimulate normal neutrophils and transfected MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect NO level in MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils and Western Blot was used to detect protein expression level of MyD88 and NF-kB. Results: Different concentration of ibuprofen could significantly inhibit NO produced by normal neutrophils and transfected MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils in dose-dependent way, with 50 μmol/L of ibuprofen showing the highest inhibition rate. The protein expression level of MyD88 and NF-kB in normal neutrophils decreased with the increase of ibuprofen concentration, with 50 μmol/L of ibuprofen showing the highest inhibition rate for protein expression level of MyD88 and NF-kB. 50 μmol/L of ibuprofen was selected to stimulate normal neutrophils and transfected MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils and significantly inhibit protein expression level of MyD88 and NF-kB. Compared with only LPS group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in NO level and protein expression level of MyD88 and NF-kB between normal neutrophils and transfected MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils (P>0.05). Conclusion: Ibuprofen can inhibit LPS-mediated NO produced from MyD88 gene-silencing neutrophils and the possible mechanism may be related to down-regulation of protein expression of MyD88 and NF-κB.
[Key words]ibuprofen; nuclear factor-κB; MyD88; gene silence; knock-down; neutrophils
[中圖分類號(hào)]R34-33
[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]A
[文章編號(hào)]1000-2707(2016)03-0310-04
*[基金項(xiàng)目]遼寧省教育廳高??蒲谢鹳Y助項(xiàng)目(2010686)
**通信作者 E-mail:wcl201010@163.com
網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版時(shí)間:2016-03-17網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版地址:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/52.5012.R.20160317.1044.038.html