鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)和股靜脈置管術(shù)
在危重病人搶救中的應(yīng)用
楊華剛 四川省會(huì)理縣人民醫(yī)院 615100
摘要:目的:比較鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)和股靜脈置管術(shù)在危重病人搶救中的應(yīng)用效果。方法:選取某院2012年8月-2013年8月急診救治的危重病人共64例,根據(jù)采用急救穿刺方法不同分為A、B兩組,A組36例病人行股靜脈置管術(shù),B組28例病人行鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)。比較兩組病人首次穿刺成功率、完成置管時(shí)間、誤穿動(dòng)脈率、留置導(dǎo)管時(shí)間、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率、導(dǎo)管相關(guān)感染率、以及深靜脈血栓形成率等指標(biāo)。結(jié)果:A組的首次穿刺成功率、誤穿動(dòng)脈率、完成置管時(shí)間、留置導(dǎo)管時(shí)間、并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率等指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于B組,但產(chǎn)生導(dǎo)管感染率以及深靜脈血栓形成率均高于B組,兩組差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:若置入導(dǎo)管不需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間留置(<3.5天),在要求盡快大量補(bǔ)液的情況下,采用股靜脈置管術(shù),而需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間留置導(dǎo)管危重病人需要行深靜脈置管術(shù)。
關(guān)鍵詞:深靜脈置管術(shù);股靜脈置管術(shù);急診搶救
Abstract: objective: to compare the subclavian venipuncture and deep femoral vein tube insertion.we application effect in the rescue of critically ill patients. Methods: selecting A hospital in August 2012 - August 2013, A total of 64 cases of emergency treatment for the critically ill patient, according to the first aid puncture method divided into group A line 36 patients with femoral vein catheter, B group of 28 patients with subclavian deep venous catheter. Compare two groups of patients puncture success rate for the first time, complete the catheter time, rate of puncture of artery, indwelling catheter time, complication rates, catheter-related infections, as well as the rate of deep vein thrombosis, etc. Results: the patients of group A line of subclavian deep venipuncture operation success rate of first puncture, puncture of artery rate, complete catheter time, indwelling catheter time, complication rates were better than that of group B patients bank-stock venipuncture operation effect, but produce catheter infection rate and the rate of deep vein thrombosis were higher than group B (P, the differences between the two groups have statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: if the catheter indwelling don't need a long time (< 3.5 days), the request as soon as possible a large number of rehydration conditions, using femoral vein catheter. Need long time indwelling catheter line critically ill patient requires deep venipuncture.
Keywords: deep venipuncture technique; The venipuncture technique; Emergency rescue
深靜脈置管術(shù)以及股靜脈置管術(shù)經(jīng)過(guò)了長(zhǎng)期的臨床應(yīng)用,已經(jīng)成為了急診當(dāng)中對(duì)危重病人比較常用的救治技術(shù)[1]。本次研究選取某院2012年8月-2013年8月急診搶救中64例危重病人進(jìn)行鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)和股靜脈置管術(shù)兩種救治技術(shù),對(duì)應(yīng)用兩種不用技術(shù)救治的患者進(jìn)行應(yīng)用效果的比較分析,現(xiàn)將比較分析結(jié)果報(bào)告如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取某院2012年8月-2013年8月急診救治的危重病人共64例,進(jìn)行深靜脈置管術(shù),其中男性病人38例,女性病人26例,年齡28-80歲,平均年齡(58.3±2.5)歲。經(jīng)病人簽署同意書(shū)后,根據(jù)采用急救穿刺方法的不同,將所有患者分為A組與B組,A組36例病人行股靜脈置管術(shù),B組28例病人行鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)。
1.2方法
1.2.1 A組行股靜脈置管術(shù)方法
表2 A組與B組病人兩種穿刺方法相關(guān)情況比較(x±s)
2.2A組與B組病人不良反應(yīng)情況比較
表3 A組與B組病人不良反應(yīng)情況比較[n(%)]
3討論
本研究通過(guò)鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)與股靜脈置管術(shù)相比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)成功率、完成穿刺時(shí)間、誤穿動(dòng)脈發(fā)生率、留置導(dǎo)管時(shí)間等均優(yōu)于股靜脈置管術(shù)。不良反應(yīng)方面,鎖骨下深靜脈置管術(shù)除了在并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率方面優(yōu)于股靜脈置管術(shù),導(dǎo)管感染以及深靜脈血栓等方面均不及股靜脈置管術(shù)效果,兩組差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。同時(shí),本研究通過(guò)深靜脈置管術(shù)與股靜脈置管術(shù)比較發(fā)現(xiàn),置入導(dǎo)管不需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間留置(<3.5天),在要求盡快大量補(bǔ)液情況下,采用股靜脈置管術(shù),能夠短時(shí)間拔出導(dǎo)管,發(fā)生血栓以及感染幾率較小[4]。需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間留置導(dǎo)管危重病人行深靜脈置管術(shù),不僅護(hù)理方便,更對(duì)病人日常生活影響較小[5]。
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