秦樹國 周穎 趙明 陳文麗 張樂
[摘要] 目的 探討不同劑量地佐辛靜點輔助羅哌卡因用于術(shù)后患者硬膜外自控鎮(zhèn)痛的鎮(zhèn)痛效果和副作用的差異。方法 隨機(jī)選擇2014年5月—2015年4月該院收治的90例擇期婦科下腹部開腹手術(shù)患者,隨機(jī)分為3組, 每組30例,Ⅰ組地佐辛0.0075 mg·(kg·h)-1, Ⅱ組地佐辛0.0075 mg·(kg·h)-1輔助 0.2%甲磺酸羅哌卡因硬膜外鎮(zhèn)痛,Ⅲ組地佐辛0.01 mg·(kg·h)-1輔助 0.2%甲磺酸羅哌卡因硬膜外鎮(zhèn)痛,3組地佐辛均為靜點,Ⅱ組、Ⅲ組術(shù)畢硬膜外腔給予0.2%甲磺酸羅哌卡因負(fù)荷量后接鎮(zhèn)痛泵,觀察術(shù)后2、6、12、24、36、48 h的ECG、SPO2、RR、BP疼痛及鎮(zhèn)靜評分并記錄惡心嘔吐瘙癢等不良反應(yīng)。結(jié)果 3組患者鎮(zhèn)靜評分差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義,疼痛評分(VAS)Ⅱ組和Ⅲ組均顯著低于Ⅰ組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義﹙P<0.05﹚,3組惡心嘔吐等不良反應(yīng)的發(fā)生率Ⅲ組高于Ⅰ組和Ⅱ組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 地佐辛靜點0.0075 mg·(kg·h)-1輔助0.2%甲磺酸羅哌卡因硬膜外鎮(zhèn)痛, 副反應(yīng)的發(fā)生率低又能取得更好的術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛效果。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 硬膜外自控鎮(zhèn)痛;地佐辛;鎮(zhèn)痛效果
[中圖分類號] R614 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2015)08(c)-0121-03
Different Doses of Dezocine Assist Patients with Clinical Observation of Ropivacaine for Patient-controlled Epidural Analgesia after Operation
QIN Shu-guo, ZHOU Ying, ZHAO Ming, CHEN Wen-li, ZHANG Le
Department of Anesthesiology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010040 China
[Abstract] Objective To observe different doses of dezocine intravenous assisted ropivacaine for analgesia in patients between epidural analgesia and postoperative side effects. Methods In 2014 May -2015 year in April 90 cgynecological abdominal operation were randomly divided into three groups, 30 cases in each group, one group of dezocine 0.0075 mg·(kg·h)-1 II group, dezocine 0.0075 mg·(kg·h)-1 0.2% ropivacaine for epidural analgesia group, dezocine 0.01 mg·(kg·h)-1 0.2% a Ropivacaine Mesylate epidural analgesia, 3 groups were intravenous dezocine, group II, group III postoperative epidural 0.2% Ropivacaine Mesylate load after analgesia pump, observed after 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 h, ECG, SPO2, RR, BP pain and sedation scores and record the adverse reaction of nausea and vomiting. Results Three patients with no significant sedation score, pain score(VAS) in group II and III group were significantly lower than those of group I, was statistically significant (P<0.05), three groups of side reactions such as nausea and vomiting incidence of III group was higher than that of group I and group II were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Dezocine intravenous 0.0075 mg·(kg·h)-1 0.2% ropivacaine for epidural analgesia, analgesic effect of side reaction rate is low and can get better after operation.
[Key words] Patient-controlled epidural analgesia; Dezocine; Analgesic effect
術(shù)后疼痛嚴(yán)重影響患者身體恢復(fù),對患者心理和生理產(chǎn)生較大的傷害,病人術(shù)后硬膜外自控(postoperativepatient-controlled epidural analgesia,PCEA)已廣泛應(yīng)用臨床,局麻藥硬膜外術(shù)后給藥劑量過大,對循環(huán)產(chǎn)生不利影響,需要硬膜外給予低濃度小劑量局麻藥,再靜脈配合阿片類藥物鎮(zhèn)痛,以完善術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛效果,傳統(tǒng)阿片類藥物,如舒芬太尼(Sufentanil)和部分阿片受體激動拮抗劑,如地佐辛(Dezocine)等。傳統(tǒng)阿片類藥物鎮(zhèn)痛效果確切,但術(shù)后惡心嘔吐和頭暈的副作用較多,還可導(dǎo)致患者產(chǎn)生成癮性,部分阿片受體激動拮抗劑無明顯的心血管和呼吸系統(tǒng)的副作用,并且成癮性或依賴性較低[1]。近年來廣泛用于臨床治療,近些年有報道地佐辛靜點輔助羅哌卡因用于術(shù)后患者硬膜外自控鎮(zhèn)痛效果可靠,搭配得當(dāng)能減少副作用,為闡明術(shù)后不同劑量地佐辛靜脈鎮(zhèn)痛效應(yīng)與劑量比的關(guān)系,該院隨機(jī)選擇2014年5月—2015年4月收治的90例擇期婦科下腹部開腹手術(shù),分析比較術(shù)后不同劑量地佐辛靜脈鎮(zhèn)痛,輔助羅哌卡因用于術(shù)后患者硬膜外自控鎮(zhèn)痛的鎮(zhèn)痛效果、安全性和不良反應(yīng),現(xiàn)報道如下。