董娟 王穎 朱海琴 許人超 鄭捷 潘萌
尋常型天皰瘡患者抗原特異性Th細(xì)胞的研究
董娟 王穎 朱海琴 許人超 鄭捷 潘萌
目的探討尋常型天皰瘡(pemphigus vulgaris,PV)患者抗原特異性Th1和Th2細(xì)胞在不同疾病階段的變化,進(jìn)一步了解自身反應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞在疾病中的作用。方法收集24例PV患者資料,合成橋粒芯糖蛋白抗原肽段DG3(96~112)。體外用該肽段分別刺激患者的外周血單一核細(xì)胞(PBMC),用酶聯(lián)免疫斑點(diǎn)(ELISPOT)方法檢測干擾素(IFN)-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和白介素(IL)-4+Th2細(xì)胞的數(shù)量,以及記憶性B細(xì)胞的數(shù)量。用t檢驗(yàn)或單因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)對各組數(shù)值進(jìn)行比較,用Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù)對Th細(xì)胞、記憶性B細(xì)胞及抗橋粒芯糖蛋白3(Dsg3)抗體滴度進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析。結(jié)果24例PV患者男女比例1.67∶1,平均年齡(56.59±14.66)歲。5×105個(gè)PBMC中,PV患者特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞絕對數(shù)為420.18±350.29,高于健康對照145.12±86.56,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。PV患者特異性IL-4+Th2的細(xì)胞數(shù)(366.76±192.44)與健康對照(335.88±164.96)之間差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。PV患者外周血中特異性IL-4+Th2占總Th2細(xì)胞的百分率為37.03%±23.44%,特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞為23.62%±16.77%;7例患者進(jìn)行了治療前后的自身對照比較。特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞的數(shù)量在治療后(241.68±160.60)較治療前(452.82±199.29)明顯下降,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=2.48,P<0.05)。特異性Th細(xì)胞、記憶性B細(xì)胞及抗Dsg3抗體滴度之間無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)相關(guān)性(均P>0.05)。結(jié)論抗原肽段DG3(96~112)含有被PV患者特異性Th細(xì)胞識別的致病性抗原表位;特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞均在疾病中發(fā)揮一定的作用;特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞在疾病活動中可能起到了更重要的致病作用。
天皰瘡;Th1細(xì)胞;Th2細(xì)胞;表位,T淋巴細(xì)胞;ELISPOT
尋常型天皰瘡(PV)是一種自身免疫性大皰性皮膚病,其自身抗原成分是角質(zhì)形成細(xì)胞(KC)間橋粒結(jié)構(gòu)中的橋粒芯糖蛋白3(desmoglein3,Dsg3)。對自身抗原免疫耐受的喪失是自身免疫病產(chǎn)生的前提條件,Th細(xì)胞與B細(xì)胞之間存在一種正反饋的相互調(diào)節(jié)作用[1]。已有多種研究對Dsg3特異性Th1及Th2細(xì)胞進(jìn)行檢測[2-7],但是研究方法的不同,所檢測的Th細(xì)胞類型及其所分泌的細(xì)胞因子也不盡相同。Lin等[2]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)PV患者外周血T細(xì)胞體外經(jīng)Dsg3胞外肽段刺激后有增殖反應(yīng),主要是CD4+T細(xì)胞,產(chǎn)生白介素(IL)-1、IL-6等Th2類細(xì)胞因子。Veldman等[3]利用磁珠分選(MACS)方法在急性期、慢性活動期及緩解期PV患者外周血中均檢測到自身反應(yīng)性干擾素(IFN)-γ+Th1及IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞,Th2細(xì)胞在不同疾病階段無差異,而Th1細(xì)胞主要出現(xiàn)在慢性活動期,抗體滴度與自身反應(yīng)性Th1/Th2的比值直接相關(guān)。Rizzo等[4]發(fā)現(xiàn),急性期患者外周血中特異性Th2細(xì)胞較緩解期明顯增多,但是Th1/Th2的比值與疾病活動度及抗體滴度無關(guān)。我們通過流式細(xì)胞儀發(fā)現(xiàn)患者中存在Th1與Th2的失衡,細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答向Th2型偏移[5]。但該研究是對細(xì)胞在外周血中總的比例的分析,未進(jìn)一步對抗原特異性的免疫活性細(xì)胞進(jìn)行研究。為了更好地揭示活性Th細(xì)胞在疾病中的作用,本研究在前期工作的基礎(chǔ)上用酶聯(lián)免疫斑點(diǎn)(ELISPOT)方法在免疫活性細(xì)胞的水平對抗原特異性的自身反應(yīng)性Th1、Th2細(xì)胞進(jìn)行分析,并進(jìn)一步明確這些免疫活性細(xì)胞在PV發(fā)病中的作用。
1.PV患者及健康對照:24例我院收治的經(jīng)臨床、組織病理、免疫熒光檢測確診的PV患者,均含有高滴度的抗Dsg3抗體。根據(jù)病程及治療情況,將所有患者分為3組,即未治療組、治療組和復(fù)發(fā)組。未治療組是指初發(fā)患者,未經(jīng)過任何治療;治療組是指已接受系統(tǒng)糖皮質(zhì)激素或其他免疫抑制劑治療;復(fù)發(fā)組是指病情穩(wěn)定1個(gè)月以上,又出現(xiàn)新發(fā)皮損或黏膜損害。健康對照為10例健康體檢者。本研究經(jīng)過醫(yī)院倫理委員會批準(zhǔn),患者均簽署知情同意書。治療前采集所有患者及健康對照外周血,治療后病情好轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)(注:患者大約每2周隨訪1次,隨訪時(shí)1周內(nèi)無新發(fā)皮損,原有皮損逐漸愈合視為好轉(zhuǎn),治療后平均約1個(gè)月)再次采集7例患者外周靜脈血,利用Ficoll淋巴細(xì)胞分離液分離出PBMC,暫時(shí)液氮中凍存?zhèn)溆谩?/p>
2.肽段:根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)[8],選取 Dsg3 抗原特異性肽段DG3(96~112),及對照肽段DG3(730~750),送上海吉爾生化公司合成。
3.主要試劑:IFN-γ/IL-4 precoated ELISPOT試劑盒購自北京達(dá)科為生物技術(shù)有限公司,人IgG B細(xì)胞ELISPOT試劑盒購自荷蘭U-CyTech biosciences,RPMI 1640細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)基、胎牛血清(FBS)購自美國Gibco公司,96孔板購自美國Millipore公司。
1.ELISPOT檢測PBMC中Th細(xì)胞:將凍存的細(xì)胞復(fù)蘇。在預(yù)包被板中加入200 μl/孔RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基,室溫靜置10 min后將其移除,加入100 μl/孔的細(xì)胞懸液,使最終細(xì)胞數(shù)為0.5~2×105/孔。空白對照孔中不加任何處理因素,陽性對照孔中加入終濃度為20 mg/L的PHA,實(shí)驗(yàn)孔內(nèi)加入終濃度10 mg/L的肽段DG3(96~112)或DG3(730~750)。蓋好板蓋,于100%濕度、37℃ 5%CO2培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)20 h。1×洗滌緩沖液洗滌5次后,加入生物素標(biāo)記的抗IFN-γ或IL-4的一抗工作液,100 μl/孔,37℃孵育1 h,洗滌后加入辣根過氧化物酶(HRP)標(biāo)記的二抗工作液100 μl/孔,37℃孵育1 h,洗滌后加入3-氨基-9-乙基咔唑(AEC)顯色液 100 μl/孔,室溫避光靜置15~45 min。終止顯色,置室溫陰涼處自然晾干,行斑點(diǎn)計(jì)數(shù)。
2.ELISPOT檢測PBMC中記憶性B細(xì)胞:用新鮮的含10%FBS的RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基制備(0.5~2)×106/ml的細(xì)胞懸液,加入圓底48孔板中??瞻讓φ湛字胁患尤魏翁幚硪蛩?陽性對照孔加入終濃度10 mg/L的B細(xì)胞刺激物,實(shí)驗(yàn)孔加入終濃度10 mg/L的肽段DG3(96~112),混勻后置100%濕度、37℃5%CO2培養(yǎng)箱中5 d。收集培養(yǎng)板中的細(xì)胞,制備細(xì)胞懸液。在96孔millipore板中加入70%乙醇25 μl/孔,室溫放置1 min后將其移除,用PBS-I洗滌2次。加入包被抗體50 μl/孔,4℃孵育過夜。PBS-I洗滌3次后,加入1×封閉緩沖液R 200 μl/孔,37 ℃孵育 1 h。棄去孔內(nèi)液體,加入 100 μl細(xì)胞懸液,使細(xì)胞數(shù)為(0.2~2)×105/孔,置100%濕度、37℃5%CO2培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)7 h。棄去孔內(nèi)液體,用PBS-I溶液洗滌2次。用1×洗滌緩沖液洗滌5次,加入生物素標(biāo)記的檢測抗體100 μl/孔,37℃孵育1 h。洗滌后加入辣根過氧化物酶標(biāo)記鏈霉親和素(streptavidin-HRP)溶液 100 μl/孔,37 ℃孵育1 h。洗滌后加入AEC底物溶液100 μl/孔,室溫避光孵育45 min,用去離子水沖洗,以終止顯色反應(yīng),置室溫下自然晾干,斑點(diǎn)計(jì)數(shù)。
3.統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理:用SPSS 13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,數(shù)據(jù)用±s表示,各組間比較用t檢驗(yàn)或單因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA)方法進(jìn)行分析。用Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析。P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
24例PV患者,男15例,女9例,男∶女為1.67∶1,發(fā)病年齡19~78歲,平均(56.59±14.66)歲,病程2個(gè)月至7年。根據(jù)病程及治療情況,將患者分為未治療組7例,治療組10例,復(fù)發(fā)組7例。各組之間年齡、性別差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
PBMC經(jīng)肽段刺激培養(yǎng)后,Th1及Th2細(xì)胞分別被活化并分泌相應(yīng)的細(xì)胞因子。如圖1所示,每個(gè)點(diǎn)代表一個(gè)產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)細(xì)胞因子的細(xì)胞。PV患者及健康對照PBMC中均檢測到肽段DG3(96~112)特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞。兩組均未檢測出肽段DG3(730~750)特異性細(xì)胞。
5×105個(gè)PBMC中,患者DG3(96~112)特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞絕對數(shù)為420.18±350.29,高于健康對照組145.12±86.56,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=3.25,P<0.05);未治療組IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞絕對數(shù)為351.85±170.83,治療組為383.26±269.81,復(fù)發(fā)組為312.96±182.40,3組細(xì)胞數(shù)均較健康對照組明顯升高,但未治療組、治療組和復(fù)發(fā)組三者之間差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。PV患者特異性IL-4+Th2的細(xì)胞數(shù)為366.76±192.44,與健康對照(335.88±164.96)之間,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=0.44,P>0.05)。
圖1 干擾素(IFN)-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和白介素(IL)-4+Th2細(xì)胞的酶聯(lián)免疫斑點(diǎn)(ELISPOT)分析圖示 1a:空白對照;1b:產(chǎn)生IFN-γ的Th1細(xì)胞;1c:產(chǎn)生IL-4的Th2細(xì)胞
我們分析PV患者中特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞各占總Th1和Th2細(xì)胞的百分比?;颊咛禺愋訧L-4+Th2細(xì)胞的比例為37.03%±23.44%,特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞比例為23.62% ±16.77%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=2.28,P<0.05)。
7例患者進(jìn)行了治療前后的自身對照比較,治療后病情較前均有所緩解。PV患者單位數(shù)量(5×105)PBMC中,DG3(96~112)特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞的數(shù)量在治療前(483.00±409.01)與治療后(512.33±319.47)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=0.17,P>0.05);特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞數(shù)量在治療后(241.68±160.60)較治療前(452.82±199.29)明顯下降,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=2.48,P<0.05)。
10例PV患者均檢測到DG3(96~112)特異性記憶性B細(xì)胞[(4.21~197.86)個(gè)/5×105PBMC)],5例健康對照檢測到記憶性B細(xì)胞(<20.00個(gè)/5×105PBMC),PV患者特異性記憶性B細(xì)胞數(shù)(83.70±63.90)較健康對照(12.03±18.81)有所升高,但差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.02,P>0.05)。
對特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞,IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞,記憶性B細(xì)胞,抗Dsg3抗體滴度四者之間的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行分析。特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞與抗Dsg3抗體滴度之間(R=0.376,P>0.05),特異性Th1/Th2比值與抗Dsg3抗體滴度之間(R=0.114,P>0.05),特異性Th細(xì)胞與記憶性B細(xì)胞之間(R=0.203,P>0.05),記憶性B細(xì)胞與抗Dsg3抗體滴度之間(R=0.268,P>0.05)相關(guān)性均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
在自身免疫性疾病中,免疫細(xì)胞對自身抗原免疫耐受的喪失是疾病產(chǎn)生的前提條件,最終引起細(xì)胞免疫或體液免疫應(yīng)答,導(dǎo)致組織破壞[9]。目前,越來越多的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),PV是一種主要以自身抗體發(fā)揮致病作用的疾病,而T細(xì)胞尤其是Th細(xì)胞在疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展中也起重要的作用[2,5-10]。Veldman 等[8]通過體外培養(yǎng)PV自身反應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞,發(fā)現(xiàn)絕大部分T細(xì)胞克隆可識別肽段DG3(96~112),該肽段含有能被自身反應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞識別的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。因此本文主要應(yīng)用肽段DG3(96~112)檢測外周血特異性Th細(xì)胞。結(jié)果顯示PV患者外周血中存在DG3(96~112)特異性Th細(xì)胞,但未檢測到結(jié)構(gòu)特性與其相似的胞內(nèi)肽段DG3(730~750)特異性的Th1或Th2細(xì)胞,從而證實(shí)肽段DG3(96~112)是該病重要的致病位點(diǎn),發(fā)揮免疫原性和免疫反應(yīng)性。
有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,PV患者體內(nèi)存在特異性Th1細(xì)胞和 Th2 細(xì)胞,兩者共同參與 PV 的發(fā)生和發(fā)展[3-4,11-12]。對于兩種細(xì)胞及其分泌的細(xì)胞因子在疾病發(fā)生發(fā)展中所起作用的大小,不同的研究結(jié)果不同。我們利用ELISPOT方法,在特異性活性細(xì)胞的水平,研究IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞在疾病中的作用。區(qū)別于免疫吸附法等其他手段,ELISPOT具有特異性高、靈敏度高的優(yōu)勢。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)PV患者特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞的數(shù)量較健康對照明顯升高,可能與皮損部位的炎癥反應(yīng)有關(guān)。Th1細(xì)胞可輔助增強(qiáng)細(xì)胞毒性T細(xì)胞(Tc細(xì)胞)、巨噬細(xì)胞等的反應(yīng),參與誘導(dǎo)角質(zhì)形成細(xì)胞凋亡等,而PV患者皮疹較重,可表現(xiàn)為大面積的糜爛滲出,伴有嚴(yán)重的炎癥反應(yīng),使主要介導(dǎo)炎癥反應(yīng)的Th1細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答增強(qiáng)。目前免疫學(xué)研究提示,IFN-γ+Th1亦可輔助自身反應(yīng)性B細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的抗體及其他炎癥因子[3,13-14]。我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然PV患者特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞的絕對值和健康對照差異不大,進(jìn)一步分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)此類細(xì)胞占總的IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞的百分比較高,高于特異性Th1細(xì)胞的百分比。另外,對部分患者進(jìn)行治療前后的比較發(fā)現(xiàn),特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞在治療后明顯下降,進(jìn)一步證明特異性Th2細(xì)胞在疾病中發(fā)揮重要的致病作用,而且與疾病的嚴(yán)重度相平行。但是,在相關(guān)性的分析中,無論是Th1細(xì)胞還是Th2細(xì)胞與記憶性B細(xì)胞及抗體滴度間均無明顯的相關(guān)性,究其原因,可能和樣本數(shù)量偏小有關(guān),我們需要在今后的工作中積累更多的病例,進(jìn)行深入研究。
綜上所述,在PV的發(fā)病過程中,特異性IFN-γ+Th1細(xì)胞和IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞發(fā)揮了不同的作用,而特異性IL-4+Th2細(xì)胞在疾病活動中可能起了重要的致病作用,其數(shù)值變化可作為指導(dǎo)治療、評判療效的重要指標(biāo)。
[1]Shlomchik MJ,Craft JE,Mamula MJ.From T to B and back again:positive feedback in systemic autoimmune disease[J].Nat Rev Immunol,2001,1(2):147-153.
[2]Lin MS,Swartz SJ,Lopez A,et al.Development and characterization of desmoglein-3 specific T cells from patients with pemphigus vulgaris[J].J Clin Invest,1997,99(1):31-40.
[3]Veldman C,Stauber A,Wassmuth R,et al.Dichotomy of autoreactive Th1 and Th2 cell responses to desmoglein 3 in patients with pemphigus vulgaris(PV)and healthy carriers of PV-associated HLA class II alleles[J].J Immunol,2003,170(1):635-642.
[4]Rizzo C,F(xiàn)otino M,Zhang Y,et al.Direct characterization of human T cells in pemphigus vulgaris reveals elevated autoantigenspecific Th2 activity in association with active disease[J].Clin Exp Dermatol,2005,30(5):535-540.
[5]Zhu H,Chen Y,Zhou Y,et al.Cognate Th2-B cell interaction is essential for the autoantibody production in pemphigus vulgaris[J].J Clin Immunol,2012,32(1):114-123.
[6]Wucherpfennig KW,Yu B,Bhol K,et al.Structural basis for major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-linked susceptibility to autoimmunity:charged residues of a single MHC binding pocket confer selective presentation of self-peptides in pemphigus vulgaris[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,1995,92(25):11935-11939.
[7]Hertl M,Riechers R.Analysis of the T cells that are potentially involved in autoantibody production in pemphigus vulgaris[J].J Dermatol,1999,26(11):748-752.
[8]Veldman CM,Gebhard KL,Uter W,et al.T cell recognition of desmoglein 3 peptides in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and healthy individuals[J].J Immunol,2004,172(6):3883-3892.
[9]Choe S,Rizzo C,Ravitskiy L,et al.The role of T cells in cutaneous autoimmune disease[J].Autoimmunity,2005,38(4):303-317.
[10]Nishifuji K,Amagai M,Kuwana M,et al.Detection of antigenspecific B cells in patients with pemphigus vulgaris by enzymelinked immunospot assay:requirement of T cell collaboration for autoantibody production [J].J Invest Dermatol,2000,114(1):88-94.
[11]Hertl M,Amagai M,Sundaram H,et al.Recognition of desmoglein 3 by autoreactive T cells in pemphigus vulgaris patients and normals[J].J Invest Dermatol,1998,110(1):62-66.
[12]Eming R,Büdinger L,Riechers R,et al.Frequency analysis of autoreactive T-helper 1 and 2 cells in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris by enzyme-linked immunospot assay[J].Br J Dermatol,2000,143(6):1279-1282.
[13]Bhol K,Natarajan K,Nagarwalla N,et al.Correlation of peptide specificity and IgG subclass with pathogenic and nonpathogenic autoantibodies in pemphigus vulgaris:a model for autoimmunity[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,1995,92(11):5239-5243.
[14]Spaeth S,Riechers R,Borradori L,et al.IgG,IgA,IgE autoantibodies against the ectodomain of desmoglein 3 in active pemphigus vulgaris[J].Br J Dermatol,2001,144(6):1183-1188.
2013-01-05)
(本文編輯:尚淑賢)
Antigen-specific helper T cells in patients with pemphigus vulgaris
Dong Juan,Wang Ying,Zhu Haiqin,Xu Renchao,Zheng Jie,Pan Meng*.*Department of Dermatology,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China
Pan Meng,Email:panmeng@medmail.com.cn
ObjectiveTo study the changes of antigen-specific T helper type 1(Th1)cells and Th2 cells in patients with pemphigus vulgaris(PV)at different stages,so as to better understand the roles of autoreactive T cells in PV.MethodsThe DG3(96-112)peptide was synthesized.Twenty-four patients with PV and 10 health checkup examinees were included in this study.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were obtained from the health checkup examinees and all the patients before treatment and seven patients about one month after treatment,and stimulated with the DG3 peptide of 10 mg/L for different durations.Then,enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISPOT)assay was performed to count the number of DG3-specific IFN-γ+Th1 cells,IL-4+Th2 cells and memory B cells.One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)andttest were done to compare the number of cells between different groups,and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation among Th cells,memory B cells and anti-desmoglein 3(Dsg3)antibody titers.ResultsIn these patients,the male to female ratio was 1.67∶1,and the average age was(56.59 ± 14.66)years.Compared with the health check-up examinees,the patients with PV showed a higher absolute number of DG3-specific IFN-γ+Th1 cells(420.18 ± 350.29 vs.145.12 ±86.56,t=3.25,P< 0.05),but a similar absolute number of specific IL-4+Th2 cells(366.76 ± 192.44 vs.335.88 ±164.96,P>0.05)per 5×105PBMCs.The percentage of DG3-specific IL-4+Th2 cells in Th2 cells was 37.03% ±23.44%,and the percentage of IFN-γ+Th1 cells was 23.62% ± 16.77%in peripheral blood of patients with PV.The number of DG3-specific IL-4+Th2 cells per 5×105PBMCs significantly decreased from 452.82±199.29 before treatment to 241.68±160.60 after treatment in seven patients(t=2.48,P<0.05).There was no significant correlation between specific Th cells,memory B cells and anti-Dsg3 antibody titers(allP> 0.05).ConclusionsThe peptide DG3(96-112)has pathogenic epitopes which could be recognized by specific Th cells of patients with PV.Both antigen-specific IFN-γ+Th1 cells and IL-4+Th2 cells play certain roles in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris,and IL-4+Th2 cells appear to be more important.
Pemphigus;Th1 cells;Th2 cells;Epitopes,T-lymphocyte;ELISPOT
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4030.2014.01.004
國家自然科學(xué)基金(81171499);上海市科委基礎(chǔ)研究重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(10JC1410600)
200025上海交通大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬瑞金醫(yī)院皮膚科[董娟(現(xiàn)在鄭州大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院皮膚科,450052)、朱海琴、許人超、鄭捷、潘萌];上海市免疫學(xué)研究所(王穎)
潘萌,Email:panmeng@medmail.com.cn