尹麗青

強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法一直是初高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)將英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法總結(jié)如下。

一、 基本句型

1.陳述句句型：“It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他句子成分.”

2.一般疑問(wèn)句句型：“Is/Was it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他句子成分.”

3.特殊疑問(wèn)句句型：“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ is/was it+ that/who+其他句子成分.”

注：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)用that/who， 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分不是指人時(shí)用that；現(xiàn)在時(shí)范疇內(nèi)用is， 過(guò)去時(shí)范疇內(nèi)用was。

二、強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法

1.基本用法：可以用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)以外的其他句子成分。

E.g. I主語(yǔ) bought a novel賓語(yǔ) in the bookstore地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) yesterday.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

It was I who/that bought a book yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)）

It was a novel that I bought yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)）

It was yesterday that I bought a book in the bookstore.（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）

It was in the bookstore that I bought a book yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）

2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊用法：如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，則可以使用do/does/did加以強(qiáng)調(diào)（句中動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)用did， 而用do還是does則根據(jù)人稱來(lái)選擇）。

I did get a lot of help from my friends.

She does know a lot about the UK.

They do like music.

3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句不同句型的用法。

E.g. Lucy主語(yǔ) visited her grandparents賓語(yǔ) last month.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：

It was Lucy that/who visited her grandparents last month.

Was it Lucy that/who visited her grandparents last month？

Who was it that visited her grandparents last month？

強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)：

It was her grandparents that/who Lucy visited last month.

Was it her grandparents that/who Lucy visited last month？

Who was it that Lucy visited last month？ （為避免和疑問(wèn)詞who 重復(fù)，此處使用that 引導(dǎo)。）

強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：

It was last month that Lucy visited her grandparents.

Was it last month that Lucy visited her grandparents？

When was it that Lucy visited her grandparents？

注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞的選擇取決于句子中所缺少的成分以及句子的意思。

三、 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的?？伎键c(diǎn)

1. 對(duì)引導(dǎo)詞that的考查。

（13天津）It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan.

A. that B. where C. why D. when

解析：選A。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“not until near the end of the letter”， 所以用that 引導(dǎo)。

2. 和其他從句混在一起考查。

①（11 湖南）Its not what we do once in a while shapes our lives， but what we do consistently.

A. which B. that C. how D. when

解析：選B。該句型含有“not...but”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)從句“what we do once in a while... what we do consistently”。意為：“塑造了我們生活的不是我們偶爾所做的，而是我們堅(jiān)持所做的?！?/p>

②（10 安徽） It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

解析：選B。該句的難點(diǎn)在于含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句“that she had bought in the village”，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是“a few supplies”。

縱觀近幾年來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的考查方式，大多是在比較復(fù)雜的句型中來(lái)考查。遇到此類題目時(shí)，必須學(xué)會(huì)劃分句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)掌握that，who 在引導(dǎo)其他從句時(shí)的用法，加以區(qū)別，才能以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變。

（責(zé)任編輯 周侯辰）