摘 要： time一詞極為常見，英語學(xué)習(xí)者都非常熟悉。它的一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和用法很重要，是高考的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，在學(xué)習(xí)中要加以重視。文章對(duì)此作歸納和總結(jié)，以期對(duì)正在進(jìn)行高考復(fù)習(xí)的莘莘學(xué)子有所幫助。

關(guān)鍵詞： time 相關(guān)句型結(jié)構(gòu) 用法歸納

Time一詞極為常見，廣大的英語學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)該詞也頗為熟悉。其基本含義是時(shí)間；時(shí)光（即日、月、年）；光陰。詞性為名詞。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以指：排定（某事）發(fā)生的時(shí)間；記錄（某人、某事）所花的時(shí)間；記錄（某人、物）的速度等。作形容詞時(shí)，意思是定時(shí)的；定期的；分期（付款）的。除了這些較常見的意思外，它還有很多用法，僅朗文當(dāng)代英漢雙解詞典（第一版）就收錄了它的五十多個(gè)詞條和相關(guān)用法。而筆者在教學(xué)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，time的相關(guān)句型結(jié)構(gòu)在新課改《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書》（人教版）的必修、選修教材中多次出現(xiàn)，并且作為重點(diǎn)句型要求學(xué)生掌握。下面，筆者將該詞的一些相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)加以歸納解釋，以期對(duì)英語學(xué)習(xí)者，尤其是準(zhǔn)備參加高考的莘莘學(xué)子能有所幫助。

一

I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.From Anne’s Best Friend（必修一）

【重點(diǎn)句型突破】There was a time when...翻譯為“曾經(jīng)一度；有……的時(shí)候?！逼渲衪here was a time是主句，when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，對(duì)a time進(jìn)行修飾、限定。又如：

1.There was a time when people used to see films on the open ground.（人們先前經(jīng)常看露天電影。）

2.There was a time when he was disappointed and wanted to leave here.（曾經(jīng)一度他很沮喪，想離開這里。）

二

However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.From Unit5 Nelson Mandela——a Modern Hero

【重點(diǎn)句型突破】This is/was a time when...翻譯為“曾經(jīng)一度……；這是一個(gè)怎樣的時(shí)期?！盿 time“一段時(shí)間/時(shí)期”，when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾a time。其中，this is a time when+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；this was a time when+一般過去時(shí)/過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。請(qǐng)看下面三個(gè)例子：

1.There is a time when I have to depend on myself for a living.

2.There was a time when I had to depend on myself for a living.

3.That was a time when black people were treated badly.

三

It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.From Unit3 Old Tom the Killer Whale（選修七）

【重點(diǎn)句型突破】It is/was a time when...翻譯為“曾經(jīng)一度……那時(shí)”。具體用法如下：

1.It was a time when she could not bear the pressure of the examinations and the parents and wanted to give up.（她曾經(jīng)一度無法忍受各種考試和家長的壓力，想放棄學(xué)習(xí)。）

2.It was a time when university students were few.（那時(shí)，大學(xué)生很少。）

四

The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power；it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...From Unit1 Anne’s Best Friend（必修一）；另外，在選修七 Unit5 Travelling Abroad 一文也用到了類似的結(jié)構(gòu)：It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.

【重點(diǎn)句型突破】it is/ was the first/second/third... time +that從句。其中that常被省略。It is the first /second/third...time+從句的句型中，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；It was the first/second/third...time+從句的句型中，從句用過去完成時(shí)。如：

1.It is the first time that we have visited Beijing.（這是我們第一次參觀北京。）

2.It was the first time that I had eaten this delicious food.（這是我第一次吃到這么美味的食品。）

在具體的運(yùn)用中，it還可以換成that，this.然而，關(guān)于該結(jié)構(gòu)后面從句是否只能用完成體時(shí)態(tài)，語言學(xué)界似乎還有一些爭論。

五

So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.From Unit1John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”.（必修五）另外，在Unit3 Inventors and Inventions（選修八）中也有這樣的句子：Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.

【重點(diǎn)句型突破】every time，每次做……的時(shí)候；each time，每次，每當(dāng)，總是。如：

1.A photo is taken each time you press the button.（每按一次按鈕就拍一張照片。）

2.Every time I think about the sad experience，I feel very sorry for my best friend.（每次想起那傷感的往事，我就覺得非常對(duì)不起我的好朋友。）

另外，類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有：any/next/the first/the last time，依次可翻譯為：任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次。

六

1.This is the first time we？搖？搖？搖 ？搖 the Great Wall in Beijing together as a family.

A.visit B.had visited C.visited D.have visited

2.？搖？搖 ？搖？搖was a time ？搖 ？搖？搖？搖China led the world in civilization.

A.It；before B.There；when C.It；that D.There；th0q/KMPwdlj5MPAji8WMvo7403e43j4+v1DoBgDWcB9Q=en

3.This was a time ？搖 ？搖？搖？搖were still slaves in the United States.

A.when they B.when there C.that when D.there when

4.Lily’s mom always brings her some nice gifts？搖 ？搖？搖？搖 she comes back home from Shanghai.

A.by the time B.all the time C.every time D.in the time

5.This is the second time？搖？搖？搖 ？搖I have been here.

A.when B.that C，which D.in which

6.The first time？搖？搖 ？搖？搖 he saw her，he fell in love with her.

A.when B.that C，which D.in which

7.This was at a time？搖？搖 ？搖？搖there were no radios，no telephones or no Tv sets.

A.when B.that C，which D.which

（參考答案1—7：DBBCBBA）

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書（人教版）ISBN978—7—107.

[2]朗文當(dāng)代英漢雙解詞典（第一版）.英—中6—2/A2403.

[3]劉潤清.語言測試和它的方法[M].外語教學(xué)與研究出版社，1991.