朱海靜
摘 要:從三個(gè)方面探討廣東高考讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)的備考策略,強(qiáng)調(diào)高考備考的“三性”,即針對(duì)性、技巧性和計(jì)劃性。
關(guān)鍵詞:讀寫(xiě)任務(wù);“三性”;高考備考
結(jié)合歷年的高考寫(xiě)作考查、今年的寫(xiě)作命題以及我在今年高考的具體做法上,我想就“讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)”這一寫(xiě)作部分的高考備考談?wù)勎以诟呖紓淇贾腥绾螄@“針對(duì)性,技巧性和計(jì)劃性”展開(kāi)我的高考備考工作。
一、縱觀近幾年高考讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)命題,發(fā)現(xiàn)讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練一定要有“針對(duì)性”
讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)寫(xiě)作的命題雖然各不相同,但是,要點(diǎn)的考查是有規(guī)規(guī)律可循的,總結(jié)如下:“談看法,舉事例談?dòng)绊?,談辦法或措施,談假設(shè)?!碑?dāng)然讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)的考查要點(diǎn)除上述高考題中提到的四個(gè)要點(diǎn)外,還有“談利弊,談感想,論關(guān)系等”。復(fù)習(xí)就要針對(duì)這些考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行。
二、技巧性表現(xiàn)在學(xué)案的設(shè)計(jì)要科學(xué)合理、循序漸進(jìn)(以學(xué)案設(shè)計(jì)展示說(shuō)明)
設(shè)計(jì)思路:通過(guò)分析范文,找到基本思路,再根據(jù)基本思路學(xué)習(xí)話題相關(guān)的單詞、短語(yǔ)、句型、模板等,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練后,結(jié)合練習(xí)來(lái)鞏固。
學(xué)案設(shè)計(jì)“提建議的方法”
1.學(xué)案范例
考點(diǎn):給交友有困難的同學(xué)提建議
范文:I am sorry you are having trouble in making friends.
【列舉建議】First,why not go and talk to people standing on their own. I agree this is difficult but that person may be lonely too. If you do this, I am sure you will soon have a new friend. Second, you can begin the conversation by asking about their likes and dislikes.【理由】which will make you find people with the same interests. Finally, you should try to join in a discussion. 【理由】Let people know how friendly you are.
提建議基本思路:引出建議,列舉建議及列舉此建議的理由組成。
2.關(guān)于提建議的高頻單詞與短語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)
(1)詞匯:suggest, suggestion, advice ,advise, tip, because, as,etc.
(2)短語(yǔ):make suggestions, have trouble in, contribute to, lead to, result in, as follows, take actions, try ones best, as ... as poss-ible.
3.本文提建議及提此項(xiàng)建議的理由句型
復(fù)習(xí)提建議總起句型:I am sorry to hear you have trouble in doing sth.
Suggestions on how to improve our English can be listed as follows.
建議加理由句型:If you do ... I am sure you will...
列舉具體建議的句型:
I suggest the government should take actions to fight against air pollution.
It is a good idea to introduce yourself if you want to make more friends.
(Youd) better not eat too much sugary food.
If I were you, I would not stay outside until midnight any more.
4.基本寫(xiě)作模式點(diǎn)撥
提建議時(shí)要引出建議,談建議好處,亦可舉例說(shuō)明怎樣落實(shí)這項(xiàng)建議,提建議添加適當(dāng)?shù)倪B貫詞。
5.即時(shí)訓(xùn)練
假如你的朋友Wang Peng給你發(fā)來(lái)郵件,詢問(wèn)如何保持健康和美麗,請(qǐng)你按下列提示給出建議。(要求:根據(jù)講解,使用恰當(dāng)?shù)木湫?,連貫成文)
(1)平衡膳食,多吃含纖維和維生素多的食物。如,新鮮的蔬菜和水果
(2)少吃含高脂肪和糖的食物
(3)平衡學(xué)習(xí)、多運(yùn)動(dòng)
(4)保證足夠的睡眠,每晚保證8小時(shí)
6.循環(huán)練習(xí),鞏固戰(zhàn)果
如何鞏固戰(zhàn)果呢?我采取的措施是,上周訓(xùn)練的考點(diǎn),隔一周給學(xué)生布置一篇此類(lèi)作文,作為周末作業(yè)給學(xué)生,點(diǎn)評(píng)后提供參考范文供同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)。
三、計(jì)劃性也很重要
計(jì)劃性表現(xiàn)在各種考點(diǎn)必須在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)訓(xùn)練到。如何做到有計(jì)劃?
1.按周計(jì)劃
每周安排兩課時(shí),完成一個(gè)考點(diǎn)的基本講解和練習(xí),隔周布置課外作業(yè)進(jìn)行布置。
2.按月計(jì)劃
每月規(guī)定自己必須完成幾個(gè)考點(diǎn),月底就考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。
3.學(xué)期計(jì)劃
讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)的考點(diǎn)多,狂轟濫炸式地去訓(xùn)練學(xué)生,這樣會(huì)讓學(xué)生產(chǎn)生抵觸情緒,所以,我把所有考點(diǎn)有計(jì)劃地分布在兩個(gè)學(xué)期中連續(xù)循環(huán)往復(fù)地去推進(jìn),讓學(xué)生一步一個(gè)腳印地走,這樣就能提高學(xué)生練習(xí)的積極性。
4.定期測(cè)試
讓學(xué)生看到,通過(guò)講解自己的此項(xiàng)考點(diǎn)有質(zhì)的飛躍。這樣的備考方式能使學(xué)生在千變?nèi)f化的考查中立于不敗之地。
(作者單位 廣東省深圳市寶安區(qū)崛起實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué))