英語(yǔ)會(huì)話(huà)

術(shù)前灌腸

Enema before a surgery

交流

護(hù)士：雖然你不是做腹部手術(shù)，但你的髖關(guān)節(jié)手術(shù)需用連續(xù)硬膜外麻醉的方法。使用麻醉藥后，被麻醉平面以下沒(méi)有痛覺(jué)，肛門(mén)括約肌松弛。你無(wú)法像現(xiàn)在一樣控制下半身的運(yùn)動(dòng)，萬(wàn)一有大便排出，就會(huì)污染手術(shù)區(qū)。灌腸可使腸內(nèi)的宿便排出體外。況且，你術(shù)后需臥床一段時(shí)間，手術(shù)后開(kāi)始幾天，解大便有可能不方便。

病人：那你給我用兩個(gè)開(kāi)塞露不就行了？

護(hù)士：開(kāi)塞露只能排空接近直腸處的大便，而灌腸則不同，它通過(guò)管子將肥皂液灌入結(jié)腸中，可以比較徹底地幫助清潔腸道。

病人：喔，原來(lái)是這樣！那我今天晚餐就不吃了，以免手術(shù)中出洋相。

護(hù)士：這倒不必，今晚你可以吃些清淡的飲食，然后按規(guī)定禁食禁水就行了。

病人：灌腸會(huì)不會(huì)很疼？

護(hù)士：灌腸可能會(huì)有一些不舒服。（轉(zhuǎn)向鄰床的劉先生）劉先生，您術(shù)前也曾做過(guò)灌腸，您覺(jué)得怎樣？

劉先生：小趙，一點(diǎn)都不疼，只是灌腸水灌進(jìn)去時(shí)覺(jué)得肚子有些脹。我聽(tīng)護(hù)士說(shuō)要張嘴深呼吸，當(dāng)我試著這樣做后效果不錯(cuò)，不用擔(dān)心。

護(hù)士：確實(shí)如此，灌入肥皂水后最好讓它在腸道內(nèi)保留5～10分鐘，深呼吸可以減輕腹脹，只要你按照我提醒的方法去做，保證能順利完成腸道清潔工作。

病人：經(jīng)你們這么一說(shuō)，我沒(méi)有那么緊張了，我一定盡力配合。

Interactions

Nurse：Although the operation is not on your abdomen，we will perform the operation on your hip joint under continuous spinal cord extradural anesthesia.After anesthesia the part below where the drug is used will have no feeling any more.The sphincter of the rectum will be relaxed，and you cannot control the lower pan of your body.If you have stool incontinence during the surgery，the operating area will become contaminated.An enema can help you to remove all the stools.Moreover，after the operation you will be on complete bed rest for several days.During the early days after the operation，it is not convenient for you to use the toilet.

Patient：Why can’t I just use two Glycerin suppository？

Nurse：Glycerin suppository can only help you remove the stool that is in the rectal area.But enema is different.It fills the suds in your colon by the catheter.This will clean the intestines more thoroughly.

Patient：Oh，that’s why.To avoid making a fool of myself，I will not eat anything tonight.

Nurse：That’s not necessary.You can eat something light for supper.Then follow the doctor’s order that stop eating and drinking afterwards.

Patient：Is enema painful？

Nurse：It may be a little uncomfortable.（turning to Mr.Liu who had the enema before）Mr.Liu，you had the enema before.What do you think about it？

Mr.Liu：Mr.Zhao，no pain at all.Just feel a little distention when filled with the enema solution.I just followed the nurse’s instruction，opened my mouth and took a deep breath.It is quite effective，so don’t worry.

Nurse：That’s right，it is better to keep the solution in your intestines for 5～10 minutes.Deep breathing can decrease the feeling of distention.I am quite sure that you can do it very well by following my instructions to clean out the intestines.

Patient：After your explanation，I don’t feel as nervous as before.I will do my best to cooperate with you.點(diǎn)評(píng)

腸道準(zhǔn)備是術(shù)前護(hù)理的重要部分。由于病人缺乏這方面的知識(shí)，使其不能理解其必要性。護(hù)士要耐心向病人講解其重要性，并可以請(qǐng)同室病友“現(xiàn)身說(shuō)法”，解除病人存在的顧慮，使病人能愉快地接受并配合術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備工作。

Comment

Enema is an important part of pre－operative nursing care.Because of the patients’lack of knowledge about this procedure，they don’t understand the need for it.The nurses should explain the reason and importance of enema to the patients very patiently.Asking another patient who has had the procedure to reveal his experience will also help to relieve the patient’s worries and encourage him to cooperate in the pre－operative preparation work.

（眭文潔）