王煥景 智發(fā)朝 趙芯梅 青海濤 倫偉健 周三喜 郭文 程天明 姜泊
·論著·
TMPRSS4基因沉默對(duì)胰腺癌SW1990細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)及侵襲的影響
王煥景 智發(fā)朝 趙芯梅 青海濤 倫偉健 周三喜 郭文 程天明 姜泊
目的觀察TMPRSS4基因沉默對(duì)人胰腺癌SW1990細(xì)胞體外生長(zhǎng)增殖和侵襲的影響。方法體外合成4個(gè)靶向TMPRSS4基因和陰性對(duì)照的真核表達(dá)載體,瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染到SW1990細(xì)胞,實(shí)時(shí)定量PCR法檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞的TMPRSS4 mRNA表達(dá)。以干擾效率最高的真核表達(dá)載體轉(zhuǎn)染SW1990細(xì)胞, G418篩選出穩(wěn)定的TMPRSS4基因沉默的細(xì)胞株,蛋白質(zhì)印跡法檢測(cè)穩(wěn)定細(xì)胞株 TMPRSS4蛋白抑制效率,CCK-8法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)抑制率,Transwell小室檢測(cè)細(xì)胞侵襲能力。結(jié)果成功構(gòu)建了穩(wěn)定下調(diào)TMPRSS4表達(dá)的細(xì)胞株SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4, 細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染效率為82.9%。與親本SW1990細(xì)胞比較,TMPRSS4 mRNA和蛋白水平分別下調(diào)了80.1%、60%。 SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4組穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)為(118.6±13.4)個(gè),顯著低于陰性對(duì)照組的(157.4±12.9)個(gè)和親本細(xì)胞組的(157.0±9.5)個(gè)(P值均<0.01)。SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4組細(xì)胞的侵襲抑制率為24.5%。但各組細(xì)胞增殖無(wú)明顯變化。結(jié)論成功篩選出穩(wěn)定下調(diào)TMPRSS4表達(dá)的細(xì)胞株。下調(diào)TMPRSS4表達(dá)能有效抑制胰腺癌SW1990細(xì)胞的侵襲能力,但對(duì)細(xì)胞增殖無(wú)影響。
胰腺腫瘤; 小分子干擾RNA; 基因沉默; TMPRSS4; SW1990細(xì)胞
跨膜絲氨酸蛋白酶4(type Ⅱ transmembrane serine proteases 4,TMPRSS4)是Wallrapp等[1]在2000年從胰腺癌中分離出的糜蛋白家族(TTSPs)中的一個(gè)新的絲氨酸蛋白酶,它具備TTSP所有的結(jié)構(gòu)特征,功能上有胰酶樣活性,可能在腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移及浸潤(rùn)中有重要作用。Jung等[2]研究證實(shí),TMPRSS4過(guò)表達(dá)誘導(dǎo)E-鈣粘蛋白介導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞粘連喪失,從而促進(jìn)表皮細(xì)胞-間質(zhì)細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)變,使癌細(xì)胞的轉(zhuǎn)移、侵襲能力和惡性程度明顯增加。本研究觀察胰腺癌SW1990細(xì)胞TMPRSS4基因表達(dá)沉默后細(xì)胞的增殖及侵襲行為的變化,探討TMPRSS4與胰腺癌浸潤(rùn)轉(zhuǎn)移的關(guān)系。
一、細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)
SW1990胰腺癌細(xì)胞由本實(shí)驗(yàn)室保存,用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基常規(guī)培養(yǎng)、傳代。收集對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。
二、靶向TMPRSS4的shRNA的設(shè)計(jì)、合成及真核表達(dá)質(zhì)粒的構(gòu)建
根據(jù)Gen-Bank(NM-019894.3)序列設(shè)計(jì)4個(gè)靶向TMPRSS4基因的shRNA,分別為TMPRSS4-1:GGATCTGGATGTTGTTGAAAT;TMPRSS4-2:GCTGCA-GTTCCACTCACTTT;TMPRSS4-3:GGGAAGTCACCG-AGAAGATGA;TMPRSS4-4:GCTGCAGTTCCCACTCACTTT。同時(shí)合成陰性對(duì)照NC-shRNA,序列為GTTCTCCGAACGTGTCAGT。由上海吉瑪公司合成真核載體,分別命名為psi-TMPRSS4-1、psi-TMPRSS4-2、psi-TMPRSS4-3、psi-TMPRSS4-4、psi-NC。真核載體內(nèi)含GFP熒光蛋白。
三、細(xì)胞瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染及真核表達(dá)載體的選擇
SW1990細(xì)胞以8×105個(gè)/ml接種于6孔板,培養(yǎng)24 h后用無(wú)血清DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)液分別加入4個(gè)psi-TMPRSS4和psi-NC各4 μg以及10 μl LipofectamineTM2000(Invitrogen公司)轉(zhuǎn)染8 h,換含有10%胎牛血清的培養(yǎng)液繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)48 h。以未轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞作為對(duì)照組。分別收集各組細(xì)胞,抽提細(xì)胞總RNA,逆轉(zhuǎn)錄cDNA,然后行實(shí)時(shí)定量PCR檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞TMPRSS4 mRNA表達(dá)。引物序列:TMPRSS4上游5′-CCGATGTGTTCAACTGGAAG-3′,下游5′-CCCATCCAATGATCCAGAGT-3′;內(nèi)參GAPDH上游5′-TGGTATCGTGGAAGGACTCATGAC-3′,下游5′-ATGCCAGTGAGCTTCCCGTTCAGC-3′,引物由上海生工公司合成。PCR擴(kuò)增條件:50℃ UDG孵育2 min,95℃ 2 min;95℃ 15 s、60℃ 30 s,40個(gè)循環(huán)。每組設(shè)3個(gè)復(fù)孔。應(yīng)用2-△△CT法計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)染各組的RQ值。
四、穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞株的篩選
以1.0×105個(gè)/ml接種于24孔板中,psi-TMPRSS4-2轉(zhuǎn)染SW1990細(xì)胞,培養(yǎng)8 h后換含10%胎牛血清的培養(yǎng)液,48 h后以終濃度為600 μg/ml的G418(Gibco公司)進(jìn)行篩選。4周后挑取抗性克隆,用有限稀釋法將挑取的克隆在96孔板中用含600 μg/ml G418的培養(yǎng)液擴(kuò)大培養(yǎng)。待長(zhǎng)出單細(xì)胞克隆后移入培養(yǎng)瓶以300 μg/ml的G418維持濃度繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)。得到的穩(wěn)定干擾TMPRSS4基因的細(xì)胞株命名為SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4。同時(shí)陰性siRNA 轉(zhuǎn)染的細(xì)胞命名為SW1990/psi-NC。
五、蛋白質(zhì)印跡法檢測(cè)TMPRSS4蛋白表達(dá)
提取SW1990、SW1990/psi-NC、SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4三組細(xì)胞的總蛋白,常規(guī)行蛋白質(zhì)印跡法。兔抗人TMPRSS4多抗(GLP公司)1∶500稀釋。以β-actin為內(nèi)參。采用Image-Pro Plus圖像分析軟件計(jì)算各條帶灰度值,以目的條帶與β-actin灰度比值表示蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)量。蛋白表達(dá)抑制率=(對(duì)照組值-實(shí)驗(yàn)組值)/對(duì)照組值×100%。
六、Transwell小室法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞侵襲力
收集對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞,無(wú)血清培養(yǎng)基洗滌2次后調(diào)整細(xì)胞密度為1×106/ml。加100 μl細(xì)胞懸液于Transwell上室(Corning公司),加500 μl含10%胎牛血清的完全培養(yǎng)基于下室,37℃培養(yǎng)24 h后擦去上室側(cè)未穿膜細(xì)胞,4%多聚甲醛固定10 min,結(jié)晶紫染色5 min,蒸餾水洗數(shù)次,空氣中風(fēng)干。選取5個(gè)高倍視野,計(jì)數(shù)穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)。侵襲抑制率=(對(duì)照組侵襲穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)-實(shí)驗(yàn)組侵襲穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù))/對(duì)照組侵襲穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)×100%。
七、CCK-8法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞增殖
將對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的SW1900、SW1900/psi-NC、SW1900/psi-TMPRSS4細(xì)胞以1×104個(gè)/ml接種在96孔板中,每孔100 μl,培養(yǎng)24、48、72 h后分別加入10 μl CCK-8原液,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)2 h,測(cè)450 nm波長(zhǎng)的吸光度(A450)值。每組設(shè)5個(gè)復(fù)孔。
八、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理
一、靶向TMPRSS4真核表達(dá)載體的選擇
對(duì)照組、psi-NC及psi-TMPRSS4-1、2、3、4組的RQ值分別為1.000、0.964、0.337、0.199、0.573、0.354;基因表達(dá)沉默率分別為0、3.6%、66.3%、80.1%、42.7%、64.6%,以psi-TMPRSS4-2干擾效率最高。故選其進(jìn)行以下實(shí)驗(yàn)。
二、TMPRSS4真核表達(dá)載體轉(zhuǎn)染率及TMPRSS4 mRNA表達(dá)沉默效果
未轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒的SW1990細(xì)胞在熒光顯微鏡下未見(jiàn)綠色熒光。轉(zhuǎn)染質(zhì)粒的細(xì)胞可見(jiàn)綠色熒光(圖1)。SW1990/psi-NC細(xì)胞的TMPRSS4蛋白表達(dá)量較親本SW1990細(xì)胞抑制15%,而SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4細(xì)胞的TMPRSS4蛋白表達(dá)抑制率約為60%(圖2)。
圖1psi-NC(a)和psi-TMPRSS4(b)轉(zhuǎn)染的陽(yáng)性SW1990細(xì)胞(×100)
圖2轉(zhuǎn)染后細(xì)胞TMPRSS4蛋白的表達(dá)(蛋白質(zhì)印跡法)
三、轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞體外侵襲力的變化
SW1990組、SW1990/psi-NC組、SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4組的平均穿膜細(xì)胞數(shù)分別為(157.0±9.5)、(157.4±12.9)和(118.6±13.4)個(gè)(圖3),SW1990組與SW1990/psi-NC組間差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,但該兩組與SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4組差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P值均=0.001 )。SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4組細(xì)胞的侵襲抑制率為24.5%。
四、轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞增殖活性的變化
SW1990、SW1990/psi-NC、SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4三組細(xì)胞24 h的增殖活性分別為0.95±0.04、0.93±0.38、0.85±0.10;48 h為1.12±0.06、1.13±0.14、1.11±0.12;72 h為3.87±0.06、3.87±0.18、3.92±0.16,各組間差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
圖3SW1990組(a)、SW1990/psi-NC組(b)、SW1990/psi-TMPRSS4組(c)的穿膜細(xì)胞(結(jié)晶紫 ×200)
TMPRSS4也被稱為MT-SP2,定位于11q23.3?;蛉L(zhǎng)48565 bp,共有13個(gè)外顯子, 437個(gè)氨基酸,分子質(zhì)量為48000。Wallrapp等[1]報(bào)道, 13例原發(fā)性胰腺癌組織中9例TMPRSS4高表達(dá),16株胰腺癌細(xì)胞系中10株高表達(dá);而正常胰腺及慢性胰腺炎組織中未見(jiàn)TMPRSS4表達(dá)。但TMPRSS4與胰腺癌細(xì)胞生物學(xué)行為的關(guān)系尚不清楚。
SW1990細(xì)胞TMPRSS4表達(dá)量較高。為此,本實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用RNAi技術(shù)抑制SW1990細(xì)胞TMPRSS4基因表達(dá)。轉(zhuǎn)染后細(xì)胞TMPRSS4 mRNA表達(dá)水平較親本細(xì)胞下降80.1%,蛋白下降60%,表明干擾TMPRSS4成功。TMPRSS4沉默細(xì)胞的侵襲能力被抑制24.5%,證明TMPRSS4的表達(dá)與SW1990的侵襲轉(zhuǎn)移行為有密切關(guān)系。表明TMPRSS4可能并不參與細(xì)胞的增殖,TMPRSS4基因沉默不影響SW1990細(xì)胞的增殖。
[1] Wallrapp C, Hahnel S, Muller-Pillasch F, et al. A novel transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS3) overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res, 2000, 60: 2602-2606.
[2] Jung H,Lee KP,Park SJ,et al.TMPRsS4 promotes invasion,migration and metastasis of human tumor cells by facilitating an epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Oncogene,2008,27:2635-2647.
2010-06-10)
(本文編輯:呂芳萍)
InfluenceofsilencingTMPRSS4expressionongrowthandinvasionofpancreaticcancerSW1990cell
WANGHuan-jing,ZHIFa-chao,ZHAOXin-mei,QINGHai-tao,LUNWei-jian,ZHOUSan-xi,GUOWen,CHENGTian-ming,JIANGBo.
InstituteofDigestiveMedicine,NanfangHospital,SouthernMedicalUniversity,Guangzhou510515,China
Correspodingauthor:ZHIFa-chao,Email,zfc@fimmu.com
ObjectiveTo study the influence of the small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference TMPRSS4 expression on human pancreatic cancer SW1990 cell′s proliferation and invasion.MethodsThe four eukaryotic expression vector of TMPRSS4 gene were synthesized in vitro and were transfected transiently into human pancreatic cancer SW1990 cells. TMPRSS4 mRNA expression of transfected cells was detected by real-time RT-PCR. The most efficient eukaryotic expression vector was used to be transfected into SW1990 cells. By using G418, cell strain that can silence TMPRSS4 gene stably was screened. The TMPRSS4 mRNA expression of the stable cell strain was detected by real time PCR TMPRSS4 protein expression was detected by western blot. The proliferation ability of transfected SW1990 cells was detected by CCK-8 method. By Transwell, the invasion change of SW1990 cell was detected.ResultsA stable cell strain, SW1990/psi TMPRSS4, was successfully constructed, in which the expression level of TMPRSS4 could be reduced stably by RNA interference. Cell transfection efficiency was 82.9%. Compared with the control group, the TMPRSS4 mRNA and protein levels were reduced by 80.1% and 60%,and number of penetrating cells was 118.6±13.4 in SW1990/psi TMPRSS4 group, which was significantly lower than those in the negative control group (157.4±12.9) and control group (157.0±9.5,P<0.01). Cells invasion inhibitory rate was 24.5% in SW1990/psi TMPRSS4 group. The cell proliferation was not significantly different among all the groups.ConclusionsA stable cell strain is screened successfully in which the expression level of TMPRSS4 can be reduced stably. The down-regulation of TMPRSS4 gene expression level can inhibit the invasion of SW1990 cells, but has no effect on cell proliferation.
Pancreatic neoplasms; Small interfering RNA; Gene silencing; TMPRSS4; SW1990 cell
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-1935.2011.03.012
510515 廣州,南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)南方醫(yī)院消化病研究所
智發(fā)朝,Email,zfc@fimmu.com