【課例主題】
臨港世外“師之蘊(yùn)九年一貫初小銜接英語(yǔ)教師主題研修工作室”以“小學(xué)低年級(jí)主題引領(lǐng)下的單元整體設(shè)計(jì)”為主題,以Kids’ Stories中“The Chase”教學(xué)為例,探索“小學(xué)低年級(jí)故事閱讀語(yǔ)言模仿學(xué)習(xí)”的有效方法。
【文本解讀】
1. 課標(biāo)銜接。課標(biāo)要求在教學(xué)中,教師要強(qiáng)化素養(yǎng)立意,圍繞單元主題,充分挖掘育人價(jià)值,確立單元育人目標(biāo)和教學(xué)主線,圍繞主題,依托語(yǔ)篇,設(shè)計(jì)體驗(yàn)、模仿、理解、應(yīng)用等體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐活動(dòng),幫助學(xué)生建構(gòu)基于主題的結(jié)構(gòu)化知識(shí);借助課堂任務(wù)單和板書(shū),采用問(wèn)答、描述和表演等活動(dòng)內(nèi)化所學(xué)語(yǔ)言和文化知識(shí);通過(guò)小組討論、制作展板或海報(bào)、創(chuàng)編故事,以及表演等活動(dòng),用英語(yǔ)交流和表達(dá)新的認(rèn)知,體現(xiàn)對(duì)主題的理解。
2. 單元素養(yǎng)。本單元為牛津教材(上海版)第四模塊“The natural world”中第一單元“On the farm”。
(1)要求學(xué)生掌握的英語(yǔ)核心素養(yǎng)
語(yǔ)言能力:學(xué)生能夠在感知、體驗(yàn)、積累和運(yùn)用等語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中知曉、理解并運(yùn)用本單元核心單詞duck、chick、cow、pig,并能在語(yǔ)境中理解并運(yùn)用句型“What’s this/that?”“It’s a...”。文化意識(shí):學(xué)生通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)不同的動(dòng)物特點(diǎn),能對(duì)應(yīng)配圖理解對(duì)話內(nèi)容,感受大自然中不同動(dòng)物的特點(diǎn),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生善于觀察的能力和對(duì)動(dòng)物的喜愛(ài)之情。思維品質(zhì):學(xué)生能夠在肢體語(yǔ)言、信息媒介的幫助下理解對(duì)話和故事內(nèi)容,從多角度初步觀察和認(rèn)識(shí)、了解動(dòng)物,能有條理地用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)觀點(diǎn),并且能夠利用之前學(xué)過(guò)的動(dòng)物單詞創(chuàng)編新的對(duì)話和故事。學(xué)習(xí)能力:學(xué)生能夠樹(shù)立正確的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo),保持學(xué)習(xí)興趣,主動(dòng)參與語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐活動(dòng);能通過(guò)跟讀模仿、看圖說(shuō)話等形式學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)詞匯;能通過(guò)文本試聽(tīng)、模仿朗讀、角色扮演等形式學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)句型,在學(xué)習(xí)中注意傾聽(tīng)、樂(lè)于交流、大膽嘗試;學(xué)會(huì)自主探究,合作互助;學(xué)會(huì)反思和評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展,調(diào)整學(xué)習(xí)方式;學(xué)會(huì)自我管理,提高學(xué)習(xí)效率,做到樂(lè)學(xué)善學(xué)。
(2)本課時(shí)涉及的國(guó)家課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)習(xí)要求
能感知單詞、短語(yǔ)及簡(jiǎn)單句的重音和升降調(diào)等;能有意識(shí)地通過(guò)模仿學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)音;能大聲跟讀音視頻材料;能感知語(yǔ)言信息,積累表達(dá)個(gè)人喜好和個(gè)人基本信息的簡(jiǎn)單句式;能借助圖片閱讀語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單的小故事,理解基本信息。聽(tīng)做:能根據(jù)指令做事情,如指圖片、涂顏色、畫(huà)圖、做動(dòng)作等;在圖片和動(dòng)作的提示下,聽(tīng)懂簡(jiǎn)單的小故事,并做出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)。說(shuō)唱:根據(jù)錄音模仿說(shuō)英語(yǔ);根據(jù)表演猜測(cè)意思,說(shuō)出詞語(yǔ);能根據(jù)圖、文說(shuō)出單詞或短句。玩演:在教師的指導(dǎo)下用英語(yǔ)做游戲,并在游戲中進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的交流;在教師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的角色扮演。視聽(tīng):觀看語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單的英語(yǔ)節(jié)目,理解大意,模仿其中簡(jiǎn)單的話語(yǔ)。情感態(tài)度:在小組活動(dòng)中能與其他學(xué)生積極配合和合作。語(yǔ)言文化:能在課堂語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中了解中英文表達(dá)方式的差異。
【學(xué)情分析】
Students’ learning habits and attitudes have been initially set. This unit is designed to enhance students’ ability to imitate and express themselves in spoken and written English through a combination of listening,speaking,reading and writing activities. Students have been doing pair work and group work.
【課堂教學(xué)】
一、第一課時(shí)
(一)課時(shí)目標(biāo)
1. To read the key words with the right pronunciation. (One-dimensional objective)
2. To imitate the story with the right pronunciation and intonation. (Two-dimensional objective)
3. To memorize the whole story and say the new words correctly. (Three-dimensional objective,Difficulties)
(二)課堂環(huán)節(jié)
I. Present the unit objectives and interpret the context (Pre-task preparations)
Teacher:Last period,we have learned a story named “The hungry lion”. Before new contents,let’s welcome our actors. Please introduce yourselves.
1. Students’ show time. Question:How wonderful!Here I have a new script about animals on the farm. Presupposition:Students have a great interest in the new script. (Purposes:To warm up and stimulate the students’ interest in the class.)
2. Show the pictures and words about animals. Presupposition:Review the words learned about animals. (Purposes:To help students recall animal-related words and phrases in order to learn new sentence patterns by using old words.)
3. Show the cover of the story. Question:What can you see?And what do the mouse do?Presupposition:The mouse runs on the road. (Purposes:To set up the context and lead to the topic.)
4. Previously on the story. Question:Why does the mouse run on the road?Presupposition:Maybe someone is chasing after him. (Purposes:To help the students know the general idea of the story.)
II. Listen to the text carefully and try to understand the whole story(While-task procedures)
1. Listen to the audios,and imitate the pronunciation and intonation of each sentence in the story. Presupposition:Students can basically repeat the sentences. (Purposes:To enhance students’ listening skills and speaking the sentences directly.)
2. Watch the videos of different animals and try to imitate them to repeat the sentences. (Purposes:To imitate the characteristics of characters and animals,which helps the students learn and imitate the each sentence in the story.)
3. Snowball rolling from the title to a particular picture. Presupposition:Each group tries to recite with the given pictures. (Purposes:To help the students consolidate their memories.)
III. Practice and perform(Post-task activities)
1. Be divided into two groups and practice sentence by sentence. Teacher:You will be divided in to two groups depending on the characters’ pictures. Each group needs only one of each character. (Purposes:To help the students improve their divergent thinking and believe that what you learn is what you think,which is what you express.)
2. Read the story. (Purposes:To allow students to promote learning with a sense of competition.)
IV. Make a summary to draw out the educational value
Purposes:To integrate educational value so that students not only learn the knowledge but also develop good values in the classroom.
二、第二課時(shí)
(一)課時(shí)目標(biāo)
1. To understand the key words in the story. (One-dimensional objective)
2. To imitate the story with the right pronunciation and intonation. (Two-dimensional objective)
3. To act out the whole story and perform accurately based on the structure and drawn pictures. (Three-dimensional objective,Difficulties)
(二)課堂環(huán)節(jié)
I. Present the unit objectives and interpret the context(Pre-task preparations)
Teacher:Last period we learned Story “The Chase”. Can you recite now?
1. Students’ show time. (Purposes:To warm up and stimulate the students’ interest in the class.)
2. Show the pictures and words about animals in story. Question:Look at these pictures. Can you read and match them with pictures?(Purposes:To help students recall animal-related words and phrases in order to learn new sentence patterns by using old words.)
II. Listen to the text carefully and try to act out the whole story vividly(While-task procedures)
1. Listen to the recordings,and follow to accurate the pronunciation and intonation of each sentence in the story. Teacher:Listen carefully and repeat. Watch and try to act as these animals. (Purposes:To enhance students’ listening skills by listening to the recording and speaking the sentences directly.)
2. Snowball rolling from the title to a particular picture. Students:Act out from title to the fifth picture. (Purposes:To help the students consolidate their memories.)
III. Practice and perform(Post-task activities)
1. Practice sentence by sentence. Teacher:One of you will perform one animal on the stage. The rest of the classmates answer together. (Purposes:To help the students improve their divergent thinking and believe that what you learn is what you think,which is what you express.)
2. Act out the story. (Purposes:To make learning English more interesting for students,and allow students to promote learning with a sense of competition.)
IV. Make a summary to draw out the educational value
We can get a lot of inspiration from life. Be good at observing life and animals. (Purposes:To integrate educational value so that students not only learn the knowledge but also develop good values in the classroom.)
V. After-class task suggestions to motivate continuous learning
Teacher:After this class,you can write your own story by using different words of animals to create different storyline.
【執(zhí)教反思】
一、學(xué)生立于課堂中心,培養(yǎng)興趣以促學(xué)習(xí)
在這節(jié)課的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)中,教師始終遵循“激發(fā)興趣、注重基礎(chǔ)、培養(yǎng)能力、發(fā)展興趣”的原則,以學(xué)生為課堂主體,力求活動(dòng)能充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)積極性。
在教學(xué)過(guò)程中注意創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,讓學(xué)生在輕松愉悅的氛圍中掌握知識(shí)。同時(shí)還注重學(xué)生的情感教育,通過(guò)游戲活動(dòng)等方式激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和熱情。在課堂上,教師努力營(yíng)造民主和諧的課堂氛圍,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生大膽發(fā)言并及時(shí)給予肯定;尊重每個(gè)學(xué)生的個(gè)體差異性,善于發(fā)現(xiàn)每一個(gè)學(xué)生身上的亮點(diǎn)。比如在這節(jié)課中,教師注意到部分基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱的學(xué)生對(duì)新詞的掌握程度不高,在Practice by self的環(huán)節(jié)之后,教師先邀請(qǐng)了班級(jí)中英語(yǔ)水平較好的學(xué)生來(lái)模仿輸出,此舉可以幫助發(fā)音掌握不到位的學(xué)生再次模仿學(xué)習(xí),以免部分學(xué)生被點(diǎn)到名后的輸出出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,打擊學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的自信心。
二、尊重學(xué)生年齡特點(diǎn),活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)有針對(duì)性
學(xué)生是課程活動(dòng)的最大參與者與反饋者,教師要根據(jù)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)符合上課學(xué)生年齡特點(diǎn)的教學(xué)活動(dòng),開(kāi)展多感官的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐,讓學(xué)生在豐富有趣的語(yǔ)境中,通過(guò)感知、模仿、觀察、思考、交流和展示,體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的樂(lè)趣,注重學(xué)科內(nèi)涵。利用各種學(xué)習(xí)方式讓學(xué)生在教學(xué)活動(dòng)中發(fā)展他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)和才能,發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的興趣和潛力,并增強(qiáng)他們的學(xué)習(xí)效能感。本課時(shí)的第一個(gè)教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)為故事表演秀,符合一年級(jí)學(xué)生愛(ài)看樂(lè)學(xué)、活潑好動(dòng)的年齡特點(diǎn),激發(fā)了他們對(duì)“新劇本”的好奇與興趣;在學(xué)習(xí)模仿環(huán)節(jié)配以不同動(dòng)物的視頻,打破傳統(tǒng)課堂師講生聽(tīng)的模式,讓學(xué)生自己看視頻、聽(tīng)音頻模仿,提升了自主學(xué)習(xí)模仿能力,也給課堂增添了活力;此外,將本課時(shí)的驅(qū)動(dòng)任務(wù)預(yù)先告知學(xué)生,能讓學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中以“表演秀”為目標(biāo)認(rèn)真糾正發(fā)音、形象模仿動(dòng)物,更好地投入英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中。
三、重視學(xué)習(xí)能力培養(yǎng),靈活安排課程進(jìn)度
教師要結(jié)合學(xué)生參與各項(xiàng)具體學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的表現(xiàn)和完成系列學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的質(zhì)量來(lái)考查單元學(xué)習(xí)情況,重點(diǎn)評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生核心素養(yǎng)的形成和發(fā)展。本課時(shí)教學(xué)過(guò)程中,由于課時(shí)限制,學(xué)生同結(jié)構(gòu)不同單詞的句子操練不充足,教師注意到大部分學(xué)生對(duì)主文本的結(jié)構(gòu)掌握到位,但某些單詞發(fā)音還有很大進(jìn)步空間,因此在本節(jié)課結(jié)束之后又安排了詞匯復(fù)習(xí)課,幫助學(xué)生以舊句代“新詞”,適當(dāng)加入了單詞自然拼讀的規(guī)則,讓學(xué)生利用規(guī)則多嘗試拼讀未學(xué)單詞,讓學(xué)生更好地掌握發(fā)音規(guī)律,培養(yǎng)他們的學(xué)習(xí)模仿能力。
總之,小學(xué)低年級(jí)的故事閱讀的語(yǔ)言模仿學(xué)習(xí)課堂應(yīng)該要著眼課堂的活潑性和有趣性,確保教學(xué)活動(dòng)的實(shí)效性和有效性,教師應(yīng)該不斷提高自己的課堂診斷能力,積累教育智慧,與學(xué)生共同成長(zhǎng)、進(jìn)步,加強(qiáng)反思總結(jié),成為不斷進(jìn)取、具有反思意識(shí)和創(chuàng)新精神的英語(yǔ)教師。
(責(zé)任編輯:向志莉)