which是初中英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)常見詞,但要合理運(yùn)用它并非易事,現(xiàn)對(duì)which的用法作一簡述。
1. which用作含有疑問意義的限定詞或代詞。例如:
Which planet is farther from the earth, Mercury or Venus?
水星與金星,哪個(gè)行星離地球更遠(yuǎn)?
See if you can guess which one is me in my old school photo.
看看你能否看出上學(xué)時(shí)的老照片中哪個(gè)是我。
It’s either Spanish or Portuguese that she speaks, but I’ve forgotten which.
她說的要么是西班牙語,要么是葡萄牙語,我忘了是哪一種了。
I don’t know which of us was the more scared. 我不知道我們之中當(dāng)時(shí)誰更恐慌。
根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每空一詞。
(1)你覺得跟父母哪一方更親近?
____________________________________do you feel closer to? (Which of your parents)
(2)我不知道要選哪種顏色。
I don’t know____________________________________. (which color to choose)
(3)哪兩支隊(duì)伍將進(jìn)入決賽?
____________________________________will make it to the final? (Which two teams)
2. which用作關(guān)系代詞,引出一個(gè)后置定語從句,對(duì)前面的事物或情況作出修飾或說明。例如:
You know the state of my mind than which nothing is more fixed on this earth.
你知道我的心情,世界上沒有任何東西比我的決心更堅(jiān)定的了。
That bar on Milton Street, which by the way is very nice, is owned by Trevor’s brother.
米爾頓大街上的那家酒吧,順便提一句那里非常棒,是特雷弗的哥哥開的。
根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每空一詞。
(1)我的眼鏡哪兒也找不到,沒有眼鏡,我看不了書。
My glasses, ____________________________________I couldn’t read, were nowhere to be found. (without which)
(2)湯姆很懶,我卻不是這樣。
Tom is very lazy, ____________________________________. (which I am not)
(3)他贏得了一等獎(jiǎng),這震驚了我們所有人。
He won first prize, ____________________________________. (which astonished us all)
3. 在“It is / was ... that ...”強(qiáng)調(diào)句中,如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是物,可用which替代that。例如:
It is this novel which they talked about last week. 他們上周討論的就是這部小說。
It is fierce local patriotism of this kind which led to the outcry on both sides.
正是這種強(qiáng)烈的地方觀念使雙方都發(fā)出了激憤的言論。
根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每空一詞。
(1)就是這部電影使他成為明星的。
It was this movie____________________________________him a star. (which / that made)
(2)正是他的粗心導(dǎo)致了這起事故。
It was his carelessness____________________________________this accident. (which / that caused)
4. 作為連接詞,which可以不表疑問意義,它的后面有一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,這里的which可以被“any ... that”或“that ... which/who(m)”替換,意為“……的(任何)一個(gè)/種”。例如:
You may borrow which book you like. 你喜歡的書只管借。
You should vote for which candidate you think best.
你應(yīng)投票選舉你認(rèn)為最好的候選人。
Run which way you will, you won’t escape. 無論你怎么跑,你也逃脫不了。
有時(shí),原本位于which之后的名詞并未出現(xiàn)。此時(shí),which兼具指示代詞與關(guān)系代詞的功能,相當(dāng)于“that which”。例如:
Buy which is cheapest. 哪個(gè)最便宜就買哪個(gè)。
You may select which you like. 你可以選擇你喜歡的那個(gè)。
根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每空一詞。
(1)你可以隨意挑選自己喜歡的蘋果。
You may choose ____________________________________. (which apple you like)
(2)哪個(gè)飯館有空桌我們就在哪兒吃吧。
We’ll eat at____________________________________a free table. (which restaurant has)
5.有關(guān)which的固定短語
(1)any which way 隨意地,粗心大意地,無一定方向地。例如:
Cut the onion up any which way you want. 把洋蔥切碎,你想用什么方式都行。
The fence lay any which way between the bare yard and the broken sidewalk.
圍欄彎彎曲曲地立在空院與破爛的人行道之間。
(2)every which way 上下左右,四面八方,朝各個(gè)方向,沒有秩序地,雜亂無章地(用作此義時(shí),同義短語為any which way),想方設(shè)法地,千方百計(jì)地,以任何可能的方式。例如:
He brushed against the table, and the coins fell every which way.
他碰到桌子,桌上的硬幣散落在地上。
He re?ran the experiment every which way he could.
他用盡所有可能的方法重復(fù)做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
(3)in which case 如果那樣,在這種情況下。例如:
She may have missed the train, in which case she won’t arrive for another hour.
她可能沒趕上火車,若是如此,她還要過一個(gè)小時(shí)才能到。
Many plants produce a pair of buds on opposite sides of the stem, in which case prune just above them. 許多植物會(huì)在花梗對(duì)側(cè)長出一對(duì)花苞,在這種情況下要把花苞以上部分剪掉。
根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每空一詞。
(1)一陣狂風(fēng)把球吹得四處亂跑。
A fierce wind swept the ball____________________________________. (any / every which way)
(2)自那時(shí)起,這兩個(gè)國家千方百計(jì)地避免彼此之間的官方接觸。
Since then the two countries have tried ____________________________________to avoid official contacts with each other. (every which way)
(3)你的索賠應(yīng)當(dāng)能成功,假如這樣的話,損害賠償金將會(huì)相當(dāng)可觀。
Your claim ought to succeed, ____________________________________the damages will be substantial. (in which case)