[摘 要]目的 分析海藻糖液體敷料用于重瞼術(shù)后創(chuàng)面修復(fù)的臨床療效。方法 選取上海市寶山區(qū)羅店醫(yī)院2023年10月-2024年1月收治的50例重瞼術(shù)患者,根據(jù)治療方法不同分為研究組(n=25)和對(duì)照組(n=25)。對(duì)照組行普通常規(guī)創(chuàng)面外敷治療,研究組行海藻糖液體敷料治療,比較兩組眼部腫脹程度、疼痛程度、創(chuàng)面愈合情況(創(chuàng)面愈合時(shí)間與愈合優(yōu)良率)、術(shù)后3個(gè)月內(nèi)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況及治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 研究組治療后眼部腫脹評(píng)分、VAS評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);研究組傷口愈合時(shí)間為(5.26±2.32)d,短于對(duì)照組的(7.87±2.63)d,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);研究組傷口愈合優(yōu)良率為92.00%,高于對(duì)照組的60.00%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);研究組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),而兩組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 海藻糖液體敷料能夠減輕重瞼術(shù)后患者眼皮腫脹、疼痛程度,縮短創(chuàng)口愈合時(shí)間,有效促進(jìn)重瞼術(shù)后創(chuàng)面愈合,并降低并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率,且安全性較高。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 海藻糖液體敷料;重瞼術(shù);創(chuàng)面修復(fù)
[中圖分類號(hào)] R622 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1004-4949(2024)15-0062-04
Clinical Efficacy of Trehalose Liquid Dressing in Wound Repair After Double Eyelid Surgery
LU Ping1, MAO Jing-jing2, YU Tian3
(1.Department of Ophthalmology, Baoshan District Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, China; 2.Department of Pharmacy, Zhangqin Ophthalmology Hospital, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China; 3.Department of Efficacy Evaluation, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, China Pharmaceutical City, Dahua Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China)
[Abstract]Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of trehalose liquid dressing for wound repair after double eyelid surgery. Methods A total of 50 patients with double eyelid surgery were selected from October 2023 to January 2024 in Luodian Hospital of Baoshan District, Shanghai, and they were divided into study group (n=25) and control group (n=25) according to different treatment methods. The control group was treated with conventional wound external application, and the study group was treated with trehalose liquid dressing. The degree of eye swelling and pain, wound healing (wound healing time and excellent and good rate of healing), complications within 3 months after operation and adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the eye swelling score and VAS score of the study group were lower than those of the control group, and the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). The wound healing time of the study group was (5.26±2.32)d, which was shorter than (7.87±2.63)d of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The excellent and good rate of wound healing in the study group was 92.00%, which was higher than 60.00% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Trehalose liquid dressing can reduce the degree of eyelid swelling and pain in patients after double eyelid surgery, shorten the wound healing time, effectively promote wound healing after double eyelid surgery, and reduce the incidence of complications, with higher safety.
[Key words] Trehalose liquid dressing; Double eyelid surgery; Wound repair
隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展和生活水平的提高,人們對(duì)自身美的追求也大大提高。重瞼術(shù),又稱雙眼皮成型術(shù),是整形美容外科最常見的手術(shù)之一,一般分為切開法、微創(chuàng)小切口法、埋線法等[1]。由于其手術(shù)部位的特殊性,術(shù)后修復(fù)情況在一定程度上決定了手術(shù)效果。創(chuàng)傷后修復(fù)不當(dāng),不僅會(huì)引起眼部傷口感染等并發(fā)癥,還會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響術(shù)后效果。因此,為進(jìn)一步提高重瞼術(shù)的治療效果,本研究旨在分析海藻糖液體敷料用于重瞼術(shù)后創(chuàng)面修復(fù)的臨床療效,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1.1 一般資料 選取上海市寶山區(qū)羅店醫(yī)院2023年10月-2024年1月收治的50例重瞼術(shù)患者,均為女性,根據(jù)治療方法不同分為研究組(n=25)和對(duì)照組(n=25)。研究組年齡18~30歲,平均年齡(23.53±2.12)歲;對(duì)照組年齡19~30歲,平均年齡(23.68±2.36)歲。兩組年齡比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),研究可比。
1.2 納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):年滿18周歲;無手術(shù)禁忌。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):合并除行重瞼術(shù)外其他眼部手術(shù)者;合并眼部外傷者;合并嚴(yán)重代謝、感染性疾病患者;對(duì)海藻糖類制品及本研究產(chǎn)品成分過敏者。
1.3 方法 兩組患者入院后均接受重瞼術(shù)治療,術(shù)前根據(jù)患者自身的臉型、眼型,結(jié)合其審美要求設(shè)計(jì)重瞼形狀與寬度,做好相應(yīng)標(biāo)記。手術(shù)步驟:眼部局部浸潤麻醉后,按設(shè)計(jì)好的重瞼線切開上瞼皮膚,切除部分下唇眼輪匝肌及瞼板前筋膜,在外側(cè)眶隔隆起最高處打開眶隔,切除多余眶隔脂肪,電凝及紗布止血。
1.3.1對(duì)照組 重瞼術(shù)后用3%的雙氧水消毒傷口,再用消毒紗布覆蓋手術(shù)創(chuàng)面,常規(guī)使用醫(yī)用冰袋間斷冰敷3 d。
1.3.2研究組 重瞼術(shù)后在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上應(yīng)用海藻糖液體敷料(南京匯創(chuàng)星美生物科技有限公司,蘇械注準(zhǔn)20232140996,規(guī)格:20 ml/瓶)均勻滴涂于眼部手術(shù)創(chuàng)面,6次/d,直至傷口完全愈合。
1.4 觀察指標(biāo)
1.4.1評(píng)估兩組眼部腫脹程度 于術(shù)后給藥治療前和治療7 d后評(píng)估患者眼部腫脹程度,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下:0度為無腫脹,量表評(píng)分為1分;Ⅰ度為輕度腫脹、皮紋未消失,量表評(píng)分為2分;Ⅱ度為腫脹明顯、皮紋消失,量表評(píng)分為3分;Ⅲ度為腫脹明顯、結(jié)膜水腫,量表評(píng)分為4分[2]。
1.4.2評(píng)估兩組疼痛程度 于術(shù)后給藥治療前和治療7 d后采用視覺模擬評(píng)分法(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)評(píng)估兩組患者的疼痛程度[3],評(píng)分范圍為0~10分,分值越高表示痛感越明顯。
1.4.3比較兩組術(shù)后創(chuàng)面愈合情況(愈合時(shí)間、愈合優(yōu)良率) 傷口愈合分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下,優(yōu)良:傷口無不良反應(yīng)的一期愈合;欠佳:傷口有炎癥但未化膿;不良:傷口有化膿[4]。統(tǒng)計(jì)優(yōu)良率。
1.4.4記錄兩組術(shù)后3個(gè)月內(nèi)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況 記錄患者傷口感染、粘連、血腫的發(fā)生情況。
1.4.5記錄兩組治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況 記錄患者眼癢、發(fā)熱、惡心的發(fā)生情況。
2.1 兩組眼部腫脹程度比較 研究組治療后眼部腫脹評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表1。
2.2 兩組疼痛程度比較 研究組治療后VAS評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表2。
2.3 兩組治療后傷口愈合時(shí)間比較 研究組傷口愈合時(shí)間為(5.26±2.32)d,短于對(duì)照組的(7.87±2.63)d,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=6.553, P=0.014)。
2.4 兩組治療后傷口愈合優(yōu)良率比較 研究組傷口愈合優(yōu)良率高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=8.112,P<0.05),見表3。
2.5 兩組術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況比較 研究組未發(fā)生并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率,對(duì)照組發(fā)生1例傷口感染、1例粘連、1例血腫,發(fā)生率為12.00%(3/25);研究組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.553,P=0.012)。
2.6 兩組治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況比較 研究組未發(fā)生不良反應(yīng),對(duì)照組發(fā)生1例眼癢,發(fā)生率為4.00%(1/25);組間比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.523,P=0.425)。
重瞼術(shù)因其微創(chuàng)性和立竿見影的美容效果,成為整形美容外科領(lǐng)域最常見的手術(shù)之一,其是通過手術(shù)在上眼瞼處做一切口,去除多余的皮膚和脂肪組織,然后將眼瞼皮膚固定在所需高度的瞼板上,從而形成重瞼[5]。重瞼術(shù)是一種侵入性操作,在對(duì)皮膚組織造成損傷的同時(shí),也引發(fā)了機(jī)體內(nèi)炎癥介質(zhì)的釋放,這些介質(zhì)會(huì)影響血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞,導(dǎo)致血管壁通透性增加,使血漿蛋白滲入組織間隙,造成眼部區(qū)域腫脹和疼痛[6]。此外,重瞼術(shù)會(huì)損傷上瞼組織中的血管及淋巴管,造成血液和淋巴液外滲,進(jìn)一步加重眼瞼水腫癥狀。如果術(shù)后傷口處理不當(dāng),很容易造成術(shù)后意外感染,從而導(dǎo)致眼皮持續(xù)腫脹、眼皮痛感加重、傷口愈合延遲,嚴(yán)重影響重瞼術(shù)的術(shù)后效果[7]。海藻糖是一種非還原性的雙糖,被廣泛應(yīng)用于醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域[8],如應(yīng)用于保護(hù)細(xì)胞[9,10]、藥用輔料[11]等,其被證實(shí)能夠在細(xì)胞表面形成獨(dú)特的保護(hù)膜,在細(xì)胞受到外界環(huán)境刺激時(shí)起到保護(hù)作用[12]。
本研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),研究組治療后眼部腫脹評(píng)分和VAS評(píng)分均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),且研究組創(chuàng)面愈合優(yōu)良率高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),創(chuàng)面愈合時(shí)間短于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),提示海藻糖液體敷料外用能有效減輕重瞼術(shù)后患者眼皮腫脹、疼痛程度,促進(jìn)重瞼術(shù)患者傷口愈合。另外,本研究結(jié)果顯示,研究組術(shù)后3個(gè)月內(nèi)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),提示海藻糖液體敷料外用能減少相關(guān)并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生,促進(jìn)重瞼術(shù)后患者傷口的恢復(fù)。究其原因,可能是海藻糖液體敷料通過在創(chuàng)面表面形成保護(hù)層,形成物理屏障,從而有效抵御了各類細(xì)菌入侵傷口造成炎癥反應(yīng),減少傷口感染的可能性;另外,它能夠降低外界對(duì)創(chuàng)面組織中細(xì)胞的刺激,增加皮膚適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力,從而減輕患者疼痛程度。同時(shí),海藻糖能夠抑制炎癥介質(zhì)的釋放,從而減少中性粒細(xì)胞的黏附與聚集,進(jìn)而減輕水腫[13]。有研究證明[14,15],濕性密閉環(huán)境下創(chuàng)面愈合較快。而海藻糖敷料能夠?yàn)閯?chuàng)面愈合提供濕潤的微環(huán)境,從而促進(jìn)傷口的恢復(fù)。此外,本研究中研究組與對(duì)照組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率均較低,且無明顯差異,表明海藻糖液體敷料外用具有較高的安全性。
綜上所述,海藻糖液體敷料外用能減輕重瞼術(shù)后患者眼皮腫脹、疼痛程度,促進(jìn)切口愈合,減少并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生,且具有較高的使用安全性。
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收稿日期:2024-6-3 編輯:周思雨