陳宇鵬

義烏，這座位于浙江省中部的縣級(jí)市，目前已經(jīng)成為全球最大的小商品商貿(mào)中心，與全球233個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)有貿(mào)易往來(lái)，商品種類多達(dá)210余種。近年來(lái)，通過商品交易形成的“義烏指數(shù)”，被網(wǎng)友稱為“神秘的東方力量”。

Yiwu， a county-level city in the heart of Zhejiang Province， has now become the worlds premier hubfor small commodities. With extensive trade connections spanning 233 countries and regions， it boasts astaggering array of over 210 product categories. This meteoric rise has given birth to the “Yiwu Index，” hailedby internet users as an “enigmatic force from the East.”

義烏是公認(rèn)的“世界超市”。基于商品銷售情況形成的“義烏指數(shù)”在一定程度上反映了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。盡管在專家學(xué)者看來(lái)，這一指數(shù)的邏輯性不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，但這并不妨礙其成為人們津津樂道談?wù)摻?jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的參考。

Yiwu is known as the “Worlds Supermarket.” Yiwu Index， derived from its commodity transactions， offersa glimpse into the trajectory of the worldwide economy. While experts and scholars may critique its logicalrigor， it remains a fervently discussed topic among individuals seeking insights into economic trends.

時(shí)尚之義烏

Yiwu as a Trendsetting Hub

義烏，可以稱得上是最懂世界口味的市場(chǎng)。在今年的龍年新春，年畫成為義烏市場(chǎng)的一大銷售熱點(diǎn)。但今年的年畫已不再是傳統(tǒng)的樣子，它正在變成年輕人喜歡的模樣。春節(jié)前，一對(duì)來(lái)自河南南陽(yáng)的姐妹花來(lái)義烏進(jìn)貨，看到龍年的年畫，她們激動(dòng)地說(shuō)：“今年的龍被設(shè)計(jì)得特別‘奶，表情生動(dòng)，特別可愛”，“有些龍?jiān)谛螒B(tài)上融入了各種國(guó)際動(dòng)漫的元素，有些小龍與醒獅組成CP，給人留下很深刻的印象”。在設(shè)計(jì)工藝上，年畫也在不斷創(chuàng)新，現(xiàn)在還出現(xiàn)了用不褪色的絨布全膠制作的、適合潮濕多雨的南方地區(qū)張貼的對(duì)聯(lián)。

Yiwu stands out as a market that truly graspsglobal preferences. This Lunar New Year， New Yearpaintings have emerged as a favorite in the market.However， these paintings have significantly evolvedto cater to the tastes of todays youth. Ahead ofthe festival， two sisters from Nanyang City， HenanProvince， travelled to Yiwu in search of goods. Theirexcitement was palpable as they gazed upon the Yearof the Dragon paintings. “This years dragons lookvery trendy， lively and cute，” they exclaimed. “Somelook like popular international cartoons， while others，depicted alongside dancing lions， are so memorable.”The innovation in design and craftsmanship of NewYear paintings continues unabated. Now， there areeven couplets crafted from fade-resistant plush fabricwith full adhesive backing， perfect for the humid andrainy climates of southern regions.

除了在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)備受歡迎，年畫也一直深受海外華人的喜愛。在一家年畫店里，一款印著越南文、會(huì)擺動(dòng)的“財(cái)神”非常引人注目。據(jù)悉，這款產(chǎn)品還有泰語(yǔ)、馬來(lái)語(yǔ)等多種語(yǔ)言版本，被賣到海外華人聚集的地方。店主介紹，海外華人其實(shí)更喜歡傳統(tǒng)的年畫款式，所以今年他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一條“掛龍”，印刷成五種尺寸運(yùn)送到了捷克。伴隨著國(guó)潮的興起，他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的充滿萌感的“年畫龍”也成了海外客商的必購(gòu)款。如今，由義烏國(guó)際商貿(mào)城六七百個(gè)商家自主設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)、輸送到世界各地的中國(guó)年畫，占據(jù)了全球年畫80%的市場(chǎng)。這既是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的魅力，也是積極創(chuàng)新、與時(shí)尚同步的動(dòng)力。

Beyond captivating the domestic market， NewYear paintings have always held a special place inoverseas Chinese communities. In one New Yearpainting shop， a “God of Wealth” adorned withVietnamese characters and capable of swingingcaught the attention of many. What is even moreamazing is that this product is also available inmultiple language versions， including Thai and Malay，for overseas Chinese. The shop owner revealed thatoverseas Chinese often favor traditional styles ofNew Year paintings. Thus， this year， they introduceda “hanging dragon” design， available in five differentsizes for shipping even to the Czech Republic.Alongside the surge in Chinese fashion trends， theirresistibly cute New Year Dragon has become a staplepurchase for overseas merchants. Today， the NewYear paintings designed and produced by six to sevenhundred merchants from Yiwu International TradeCity dominate 80% of the global New Year paintingmarket. This isnt merely a testament to the appeal ofChinese traditional culture; it is also a testament toinnovation that is attuned to the pulse of fashion.

“義新歐”助力

Boost from the Yiwu-Xinjiang-Europe Freight Trains

2014年開通的“義新歐”中歐專列，使義烏與世界實(shí)現(xiàn)了商品的“雙循環(huán)”?！傲x新歐”從義烏出發(fā)，載著服裝、汽車配件、玩具、飾品等各類小商品，歷時(shí)21天，把商品出口到沿途的哈薩克斯坦、俄羅斯、波蘭、德國(guó)、法國(guó)等八個(gè)國(guó)家；返程時(shí)，再滿載歐洲的紅酒、橄欖油、奶粉等產(chǎn)品歸來(lái)，滿足中國(guó)消費(fèi)者的需求。

Since its launch in 2014， the Yiwu-Xinjiang-Europe （YXE）freight train service has revolutionized the global supply of goods.Departing from Yiwu， the train starts a 21-day journey， transportingclothing， auto parts， toys， and accessories， to eight countries alongthe route， including Kazakhstan， Russia， Poland， Germany， andFrance. It then returns laden with European products like wine，olive oil， and milk powder， to Chinese consumers.

“義新歐”的創(chuàng)始人叫馮旭斌，是義烏人。2013年，馮旭斌在看到有關(guān)“一帶一路”的新聞后，忽然萌發(fā)一個(gè)大膽的設(shè)想：能否開出一班從義烏至馬德里的國(guó)際鐵路貨運(yùn)班列？當(dāng)初，很多人認(rèn)為他是異想天開。國(guó)際班列不同于國(guó)內(nèi)班列，需要協(xié)調(diào)的部門、環(huán)節(jié)非常多，班列經(jīng)過諸多國(guó)家，也會(huì)遇到各種問題和困難，這不是一件說(shuō)干就能干得成的事兒。此前，義烏發(fā)往馬德里的貨物大多是通過海運(yùn)。為了讓歐洲的客戶嘗試用“義新歐”班列運(yùn)貨，不懂英語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)的馮旭斌只身奔赴歐洲多個(gè)國(guó)家尋找客戶，積極介紹和推銷“義新歐”班列的優(yōu)勢(shì)。在馮旭斌的努力下，“義新歐”班列最終順利開通。十年間，“義新歐”成為義烏全球買賣的“大功臣”。2023年的杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)上，馮旭斌被推選為火炬手。他回憶道，“在進(jìn)行火炬?zhèn)鬟f時(shí)，我突然想到了‘義新歐列車傳遞的場(chǎng)景”，最初從義烏到馬德里的列車開通時(shí)，沿途需要60多個(gè)火車司機(jī)來(lái)進(jìn)行接替，“‘義新歐每一段火車頭的接替與火炬每一棒的傳遞非常相像。以后，我也會(huì)用傳遞亞運(yùn)火炬的精神去助力‘義新歐的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展”。

The founder of the YXE freight train， Feng Xubin，a native of Yiwu， conceived the idea in 2013 uponhearing the news about the Belt and Road Initiative.Despite skepticism on the feasibility of such an?endeavor， Feng Xubin persevered. Negotiating thecomplexities of international logistics is not an easytask， as it necessitates coordination across multipledepartments and countries. Previously reliant onmaritime transport， the journey from Yiwu toMadrid seemed dauntingly ambitious. Undeterred，F(xiàn)eng Xubin embarked on a solitary mission acrossEurope， despite his lack of proficiency in Englishor Spanish， to garner support for the initiative. Hisefforts eventually bore fruit， culminating in thesuccessful launch of the freight service. Over theensuing decade， the YXE freight train has emergedas a linchpin in Yiwus global trade landscape. In2023， Feng Xubin was selected as a torchbearerfor the Hangzhou Asian Games. Reflecting onthe parallels between the torch relay and the YXEfreight train， he said， “Each leg of the Yiwu-Xinjiang-Europe journey mirrors the passingof the torch in the relay race. I will remaincommitted to the high-quality development of thetrain service， drawing upon the indomitable spiritof the Asian Games torch relay.”

在義烏做生意很順利

Conducting Business in Yiwu Is Straightforward

來(lái)自吉爾吉斯斯坦的外商米卡（OmuralievaMeerzat）已經(jīng)在義烏經(jīng)商三年了。2017年，米卡還在學(xué)校就讀時(shí)，剛好遇到義烏“涉外糾紛人民調(diào)解委員會(huì)”招募翻譯，她在老師的鼓勵(lì)下報(bào)了名。在參與了一次又一次的調(diào)解后，米卡發(fā)現(xiàn)，原來(lái)在中國(guó)，有矛盾不一定非要打官司，還可以通過調(diào)解的方式來(lái)解決，這讓她深切感受到中國(guó)文化中“和為貴”的魅力。

Omuralieva Meerzat， from Kyrgyzstan， hasbeen doing business in Yiwu for three years. Backin 2017， while still studying as a college student inYiwu， Meerzat stumbled upon a job ad from the localPeoples Mediation Committee for Foreign-RelatedDisputes looking for interpreters. Encouragedby her teacher， she promptly applied for the job.Through repeated practice， Meerzat came to realizethat in China， business disputes need not alwaysbe settled through litigation; mediation provides aviable alternative. This realization fostered in hera profound appreciation for the Chinese ethos ofvaluing “harmony.”

畢業(yè)后，米卡就開了自己的外貿(mào)公司，雖然規(guī)模不大，但生意不錯(cuò)。她把中國(guó)文化中“和氣生財(cái)”的理念運(yùn)用到經(jīng)商之中。米卡說(shuō)：“自己似乎都不用主動(dòng)找客戶，都是客戶找上門，朋友之間介紹，客戶之間推薦，在義烏做生意，一切都水到渠成。”當(dāng)了老板后，米卡每天行走在市場(chǎng)和工廠之間。剛開始，她公司里的產(chǎn)品都是通過海運(yùn)、空運(yùn)送出去的，但這兩年，通過“義新歐”班列運(yùn)出去的產(chǎn)品越來(lái)越多。她說(shuō)：“中歐班列的穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng)、性價(jià)比也高，原來(lái)中亞五國(guó)陸路交通很貴，有了這個(gè)班列之后，運(yùn)費(fèi)低、時(shí)間快、效率高，可以很方便地把東西運(yùn)出去，又把東西買回來(lái)。義烏讓我實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想，遇見了更好的自己?！?/p>

Following her graduation， Meerzat set up herown trade company. Despite its modest scale， herbusiness flourished. She integrated the Chinesecultural principle of “harmony leads to prosperity”into her business. Reflecting on her experience，Meerzat remarked， “It feels as though clients seek meout without any active effort on my part. Throughreferrals from acquaintances and recommendationsfrom satisfied customers， everything falls intoplace.” As an entrepreneur， Meerzat spends her days?navigating between markets and factories. Initially， her company relied on sea andair freight for transportation， but in recent years， the utilization of the YXE freighttrain has surged. Explaining the shift， she noted， “The China-Europe freight train isnot only reliable but also cost-effective. Previously， overland transportation acrossCentral Asia were very expensive， but with this freight train， shipping costs are lower，and the delivery is faster and efficient. It is now so easy to move shipments around.Yiwu has helped me realize my dream and become more accomplished.”

作為在義烏的優(yōu)秀國(guó)際青年代表，米卡參加了2023年亞洲青年領(lǐng)袖論壇；她還出席了2023 世界義烏人大會(huì)，并作為唯一的國(guó)外采購(gòu)商代表在會(huì)上發(fā)言。

Recognized as an exceptional international youth representative in Yiwu，Meerzat attended the 2023 Asia Youth Leaders Forum. She was also invited tospeak at the 2023 World Yiwunese Conference as the sole international buyerrepresentative.

小商品，大世界。未來(lái)的義烏，更加國(guó)際化的義烏，值得世人期待。

In the realm of commerce， even the smallest commodities have the potentialto transcend boundaries. The prospect of a more globally connected Yiwu inspiresanticipation worldwide.