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寫(xiě)好三句話,做到無(wú)縫對(duì)接

2022-05-30 21:27:22羅春恒
廣東教育·高中 2022年9期
關(guān)鍵詞:起跑線無(wú)縫主語(yǔ)

羅春恒

續(xù)文與原文的協(xié)同性,以及句與句之間和段與段之間的銜接連貫是評(píng)分的重要依據(jù)。那么,我們?nèi)绾螌?xiě)好所給兩段首句后的銜接句、 第一段尾句這三個(gè)銜接句,做到無(wú)縫對(duì)接呢?筆者認(rèn)為,應(yīng)該從內(nèi)容和句式風(fēng)格兩大方面入手。下面我們將以2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷為例,說(shuō)明如何從這兩方面入手寫(xiě)好這三個(gè)銜接句。

故事內(nèi)容:David因患了一種腦部疾病不能像其他孩子一樣走路或跑步。但在學(xué)校,他的同學(xué)都把他看作是一個(gè)普通的孩子,無(wú)論他們做什么,David總是盡自己最大的能力參與其中。因此,沒(méi)有一個(gè)同學(xué)認(rèn)為David決定加入越野隊(duì)是不尋常的。他只是比別人花更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,僅此而已。在David超乎常人的努力的訓(xùn)練下,他總能跑到終點(diǎn),盡管他總是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于其他同學(xué)。作為學(xué)校的一名特殊教育老師,“我”為他堅(jiān)定的決心感到驕傲。可是在大型越野賽的那天,“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)David沒(méi)有了往常的笑容,也沒(méi)有跟其他選手在一起。問(wèn)其原因,David說(shuō)他決定不參賽。覺(jué)得驚訝之余,“我”從教練那了解到原因:原來(lái)是教練擔(dān)心其他學(xué)校的同學(xué)嘲笑他,把是否參賽的決定權(quán)交給他,他就選擇不參賽了。

所給兩段首句是:

We sat down next to each other, but David wouldnt look at me.(我們挨著坐著,但大衛(wèi)不愿看我一眼)

I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.(我看著大衛(wèi)和其他選手一起走到起跑線上)

下面談?wù)勅绾螌?xiě)好三個(gè)銜接句。

一、緊扣首句中的關(guān)鍵詞,使內(nèi)容銜接自然

由所給第一段首句中的關(guān)鍵詞 “wouldnt look at me(不愿看我)”想到,David為什么不愿意看“我”呢?據(jù)原文可知,是“怕被人嘲笑(內(nèi)心的自卑)”,故不敢直視“我”。所以第一段內(nèi)容上應(yīng)該圍繞作者如何讓David戰(zhàn)勝內(nèi)心的自卑,由“低頭”到勇敢地“抬頭”的過(guò)程。情節(jié)感情基調(diào)定好了,那么我們第一句話應(yīng)怎么樣銜接呢?

1.“喧賓奪主”

用前句的賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。此處用前句David wouldnt look at me中的賓語(yǔ)me作主語(yǔ),去思考銜接句。

為了達(dá)到讓他參賽的目的,“我”會(huì)說(shuō)什么?做什么?怎么做?

“David, you are an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and power.”I held his hands tightly,“Just look at my eyes. Trust me!”這個(gè)銜接句里,包含了“我”對(duì)他的努力的肯定和鼓勵(lì),把人物由David轉(zhuǎn)移到“我”身上,而“Just look at my eyes”跟首句的“wouldnt look at me”內(nèi)容上緊密鏈接。

“Come on, you can do it.”I whispered to him in a soft voice and patted his shoulder gently.(語(yǔ)句中包含著“我”殷切的鼓勵(lì)之情)

2.“同心圓式擴(kuò)充”

保留前句的主語(yǔ),對(duì)上文情節(jié)動(dòng)作或者情感上進(jìn)行細(xì)化的擴(kuò)充。

依然以David作主語(yǔ)(為避免重復(fù),可用相應(yīng)的代詞),緊扣關(guān)鍵詞“wouldnt look at me”,David會(huì)做什么呢?或者“不愿意看我”的同時(shí)還會(huì)做什么呢?

He buried his head into his arms and couldnt help sobbing.

Getting sucked into the fear and frustration, he obviously felt like he was sitting on pins and needles.

With a sorrowful expression hanging on his face, David sat around motionlessly and helplessly, his head drooping powerlessly.

在寫(xiě)首段末句時(shí),要根據(jù)所給第二段首句的關(guān)鍵詞,使內(nèi)容自然銜接。本文所給第二段首句中的關(guān)鍵詞是moved up to the starting line(跑到了起跑線),說(shuō)明David已放下了心理包袱,走向了賽場(chǎng)。同樣可以用“主語(yǔ)不變”的方式來(lái)續(xù)寫(xiě)接下來(lái)的這一句:

David looked at me, with his eyes twinkling with excitement, and stood up just like a superman in front of me.(looked at me with excitement與第一段首句形成對(duì)比,stood up like a superman 體現(xiàn)了一個(gè)內(nèi)心的巨大轉(zhuǎn)變,且與下文的moved up銜接)

Without hesitation, he wiped away the tears and struggled to his feet to embrace the challenge.

第二段首句后的續(xù)寫(xiě),依然根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞David moved up to the starting line使內(nèi)容自然銜接,即描述David跑到了起跑線后心情會(huì)怎樣?會(huì)做什么?作為幫助者,“我”會(huì)有什么舉動(dòng)?同樣可以用主語(yǔ)不變來(lái)續(xù)寫(xiě)下一句:

As the sharp alarm hit the silent air, David rose to his feet, clenched his teeth and began to rush.(具體的動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))

Nervous as he was, he took a deep breath and got ready for the race.(情感描寫(xiě)與動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))

Determined and confident, David warmed up with other participants.(other participants和前句的other runners銜接)

3. 環(huán)境渲染

環(huán)境描寫(xiě)能有效地推動(dòng)情節(jié)的進(jìn)展,烘托人物的心理情感,在場(chǎng)所性描述的故事構(gòu)架中效果更為顯著。在本文的第二段的比賽現(xiàn)場(chǎng)上,我們可以通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)沫h(huán)境描寫(xiě)來(lái)銜接和推動(dòng)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展。

在David與其他選手站到起跑線上時(shí),周?chē)挠^眾會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)呢?全場(chǎng)氛圍如何呢?可以這樣寫(xiě):

The whole world was ruled by dead silence.(體現(xiàn)了觀眾對(duì)他的出現(xiàn)作出的反應(yīng),更能反襯出David緊張的心情)

Everything seemed stopped moving until the the signal began.(前半句營(yíng)造出一觸即發(fā)的緊張的氛圍)

As the sharp alarm hit the silent air, David rose to his feet, clenched his teeth and began to rush.(前半句的比賽信號(hào)的描述,能把David,甚至讀者帶入一個(gè)比賽場(chǎng)上的氛圍)

二、使用多樣的句式,使銜接句獨(dú)具一格

能讓閱卷者眼前一亮的開(kāi)頭有:

1. 形容詞、分詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭

這種開(kāi)頭能表達(dá)相關(guān)情感或推進(jìn)情節(jié)的發(fā)展。

Gently patting his shoulder, I inquired of him the reason why he was hesitant for the run.(第一段首句銜接句)

Standing in front of the starting line, David waved his hands to me violently.(第二段首句銜接句)

2. 副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭

這種開(kāi)頭往往能更緊密地銜接上文,渲染情感,推動(dòng)情節(jié)的發(fā)展。

Gently, I patted his shoulder and whispered softly.(第一段首句銜接句)

At the sight of his determined expression, I sent him to the starting line with satisfaction.(第一段末句銜接句)

Within a moment or two, the big cross-country run began.(第二段首句銜接句)

Without hesitation, he wiped away the tears and struggled to his feet to embrace the challenge.(第一段末句銜接句)

3. with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

這種開(kāi)頭主要是表示伴隨或原因。

With the beginning whistle rising, every runner including David run towards the thick evergreen forest. (第二段首句銜接句)

4. 倒裝開(kāi)頭

這種開(kāi)頭往往能突出某種情感、意志和決心等。

So nervous was David that he took a deep breath and got ready for the race.(第二段首句銜接句)

Never had I seen such a determined look from Davids eyes.(第二段首句銜接句)

Nervous as he was, he took a deep breath and got ready for the race.(第二段首句銜接句)

5. 狀語(yǔ)從句開(kāi)頭

As the sharp alarm hit the silent air, David rose to his feet, clenched his teeth and began to rush.

As soon as the signal began, David and other runners started to run as fast as they could.

6. 感嘆句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句

What an incredible and determined boy he is! (第二段首句銜接句)

總之,要寫(xiě)好三個(gè)銜接句,做到無(wú)縫對(duì)接,我們既要緊扣首句中的關(guān)鍵詞使內(nèi)容銜接自然,又要靈活使用多樣化的句式,以博得閱卷老師的青睞。

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青

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