郭爽,劉艷,管偉,潘娟,劉源,楊炳友
(黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué),黑龍江 哈爾濱 150040)
暴馬子皮為木犀科植物暴馬丁香[Syringareticulata(Bl.)Haravar.mandshurica(Maxim.)Hara]的干燥干皮或枝皮[1]。臨床用于治療慢性支氣管炎、咳嗽、水腫、哮喘、高血壓等病癥?,F(xiàn)代植物化學(xué)和藥理學(xué)研究表明,暴馬子皮主要含有苯丙素類、環(huán)烯醚萜類、黃酮類、苯乙醇類和揮發(fā)油等成分。生物活性廣泛,包括抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化等[2-7]。苯丙素是該植物的主要成分,也是其活性成分之一。為了進(jìn)一步研究暴馬子皮植物的化學(xué)成分,闡明其藥效物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),故對(duì)暴馬子皮苯丙素類化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行研究,通過(guò)多種色譜方法以及波譜、質(zhì)譜等分析手段從中分離鑒定出14個(gè)苯丙素類化合物,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
AV-600型超導(dǎo)核磁共振儀(Bruker公司);AB SCIEX TripleTOFTM5600(AB SCIEX公司);制備型高效液相色譜(島津公司);分析型高效液相色譜(Waters公司);SunFire分析型色譜柱(5 μm,4.6 mm×150 mm)(Waters公司);YMC J′sphere ODS-H80色譜柱(4 μm,10 mm×250 mm)(YMC公司);Sephadex LH-20(Pharmacia公司);柱色譜用大孔樹脂(滄州寶恩吸附材料科技有限公司);反相ODS(YMC公司);柱色譜硅膠(200~300目)(青島海洋化工廠);色譜甲醇(默克公司);柱色譜用化學(xué)試劑(天津富宇精細(xì)化工有限公司)。
暴馬子皮,2019年4月采收于吉林省,經(jīng)黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)藥用植物學(xué)教研室樊銳鋒副教授鑒定為木犀科植物暴馬丁香(Syringareticulata)的樹皮,標(biāo)本(20190410)保存于黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)中藥化學(xué)教研室。
取暴馬子皮藥材15 kg(干燥),用8倍量70%乙醇加熱回流提取3次,每次2 h,減壓回收溶劑,最終得到提取物2.7 kg,計(jì)算其出膏率為18%。取2 kg粗膏用水溶解,水溶液上樣AB-8大孔吸附樹脂,分別用水(2 BV)、20%乙醇(2 BV)、60%乙醇(2 BV)、95%乙醇(4 BV)以1 BV/h流速進(jìn)行柱色譜洗脫,收集洗脫液,得到60%乙醇洗脫組分278 g(13.9%)。
60%乙醇部分(278 g)采用硅膠柱色譜分離,以二氯甲烷-甲醇系統(tǒng)(1∶0~0∶1)為流動(dòng)相進(jìn)行洗脫,最終得到6個(gè)組分即Fr.I~VI。Fr.Ⅱ(54 g)經(jīng)過(guò)硅膠柱色譜,二氯甲烷-甲醇(1∶0~0∶1)洗脫,得到6個(gè)組分(Fr.ⅡA~F),F(xiàn)r.Ⅲ(97 g)經(jīng)過(guò)硅膠柱色譜,二氯甲烷-甲醇(1∶0~0∶1)洗脫,得到7個(gè)組分(Fr.ⅢA~G)。Fr.Ⅳ(30 g),F(xiàn)r.Ⅱ~B(20 g),F(xiàn)r.Ⅲ~E(23 g)經(jīng)過(guò)ODS柱色譜,甲醇-水(1∶9~1∶0)梯度洗脫?;衔?(3.5 mg)、4(5.8 mg)、5(8.9 mg)、9(2.8 mg)、10(2.8 mg)、11(5.7 mg)、12(6.7 mg)、13(5.1 mg)、14(10.3 mg)從Fr.Ⅳ中利用制備型HPLC分離純化得到,化合物6(3.4 mg)、7(4.2 mg)從Fr.Ⅱ~B中利用制備型HPLC分離純化得到,化合物1(6.2 mg)、2(4.6 mg)、8(1.7 mg)從Fr.Ⅲ~E中利用制備型HPLC分離純化得到。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z:521.203 9[M+H]+,分子式為C26H32O11。1H-NMR (CD3OD, 600 MHz) δ:6.98 (1H, d, J=1.9 Hz, H-2),7.13 (1H, d, J=8. 3 Hz, H-5),6.87 (1H, dd, J=8.3, 1.9 Hz, H-6),4.82 (1H, d, J=6.3 Hz, H-7),2.33 (1H, m, H-8),3.83 (1H, overlap, H-9a),3.71 (1H, dd, J=8.3, 6.5 Hz, H-9b),6.71 (1H, overlap, H-2′),6.72 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-5′),6.66 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 1.3 Hz,H-6′),2.90 (1H, dd, J=13.5, 5.0 Hz, H-7′a),2.52 (1H, dd, J=13.5, 11.0 Hz, H-7′b),2.69 (1H, m, H-8′),3.87 (1H, overlap, H-9′a),3.64 (1H, dd, J=10.9, 7.0 Hz, H-9′b),4.87 (1H, d, J=7.3 Hz, H-1″),3.34~3.50 (4H, m, H-2″-5″),4.00 (1H, dd, J=8.3, 6.7 Hz, H-6″a),3.68 (1H, overlap, H-6″b),3.85 (3H, s,3-OCH3),5.89 (2H, s, O-CH2-O)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:139.5 (C-1),111.3 (C-2),150.8 (C-3),147.4 (C-4),117.9 (C-5),119.5 (C-6),83.8 (C-7),54.0 (C-8),60.5 (C-9),135.8 (C-1′),109.9 (C-2′),147.4 (C-3′),149.2 (C-4′),109.1 (C-5′),122.6 (C-6′),33.7 (C-7′),43.8 (C-8′),73.5 (C-9′),102.9 (C-1″),74.9 (C-2″),77.8 (C-3″),71.4 (C-4″),78.2 (C-5″),62.5 (C-6″),56.7(3-OCH3),102.1(OCH2O)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[8]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為alashinol B。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z:561.197 3[M+Na]+,分子式為C26H34O12。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz) δ:7.14 (1H, d, J=1.6 Hz, H-2),6.74 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-5),6.87 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 1.6 Hz, H-6),4.72 (1H, d, J=7.3 Hz, H-7),2.30 (1H, m, H-8),3.81 (1H, overlap, H-9a),3.74 (1H, dd, J=11.3, 5.5 Hz, H-9b),7.00 (1H, d, J=1.4 Hz, H-2′),7.09 (1H, d, J=8.2 Hz, H-5′),6.84 (1H, dd, J=8.2, 1.4 Hz,H-6′),2.96 (1H, d, J=13.9 Hz, H-7′a),3.03 (1H, d, J=13.9 Hz, H-7′b),3.81 (1H, overlap, H-9′a),3.59 (1H, d, J=9.2 Hz, H-9′b),4.87 (1H, overlap, H-1″),3.33-3.52 (4H, m, H-2″-5″),3.91 (1H, overlap, H-6″a),3.69 (1H, dd, J=11.3, 3.7 Hz, H-6″b),3.85 (3H, s, 3-OCH3),3.86 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:135.3 (C-1),111.5 (C-2),149.0 (C-3),147.2 (C-4),115.7 (C-5),120.8 (C-6),85.8 (C-7),62.0 (C-8),60.7 (C-9),134.1 (C-1′),116.1 (C-2′),150.3 (C-3′),146.7 (C-4′),117.8 (C-5′),124.0 (C-6′),40.7 (C-7′),82.5 (C-8′),77.9 (C-9′),103.0 (C-1″),74.9 (C-2″),77.8 (C-3″),71.4 (C-4″),78.2 (C-5″),62.5 (C-6″),56.3 (C-3-OCH3),56.7 (C-3′-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[9]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為橄欖樹脂素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 539.215 1[M+H]+,分子式為C26H34O12。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz)δ:7.01 (1H, overlap, H-2),6.72 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-5),6.83 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 1.8 Hz, H-6),4.82 (1H, d, J=5.8 Hz, H-7),4.49 (1H, ddd, J=12.7, 5.8, 1.3 Hz, H-8),3.84 (1H, overlap, H-9a),3.77 (1H, overlap, H-9b),7.01 (1H, overlap, H-2′),6.87 (1H, overlap, H-5′),6.87 (1H, overlap, H-6′),6.58 (1H, d, J=15.9 Hz, H-7′),6.24 (1H, dt, J=15.9, 6.3 Hz, H-8′),4.37 (1H, overlap, H-9′a),4.30 (1H, ddd, J=12.7, 6.7,1.0 Hz, H-9′b),4.35 (1H, d, J=7.8 Hz, H-1″),3.20~3.37 (4H, m, H-2″-5″),3.88 (1H, dd, J=11.9, 2.1 Hz,H-6″a),3.67 (1H, dd, J=11.9, 5.5 Hz, H-6″b),3.80 (3H, s, 3-OCH3),3.79 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:134.1 (C-1),111.9 (C-2),148.7 (C-3),147.0 (C-4),115.6 (C-5),121.0 (C-6),74.1 (C-7),86.2 (C-8),62.2 (C-9),132.8 (C-1′),111.4 (C-2′),151.9 (C-3′),149.1 (C-4′),118.8 (C-5′),120.8 (C-6′),133.6 (C-7′),125.2 (C-8′),70.8 (C-9′),103.2 (C-1″),75.1 (C-2″),78.0 (C-3″),71.7 (C-4″),78.1 (C-5″),62.8 (C-6″),56.3 (C-3-OCH3),56.5 (C-3′-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[10]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為hyuganoside IIIa。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 539.216 1 [M+H]+,分子式為C26H34O12。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz) δ:7.22 (1H, d, J=1.7 Hz, H-2),7.11 (1H, d, J=8.3 Hz, H-5),6.98 (1H, dd, J=8.3, 1.7 Hz, H-6),4.79 (1H, d, J=6.8 Hz, H-7),2.27 (1H, m, H-8),3.74 (1H, dd, J=11.3, 6.0 Hz, H-9b),3.68 (1H, dd, J=11.3, 4.8 Hz, H-9b),6.90 (1H, brs, H-2′),6.72 (1H, brs, H-5′),6.72 (1H, brs, H-6′),2.96 (1H, d, J=14.0 Hz, H-7′a),2.90 (1H, d, J=14.0 Hz, H-7′b),3.83 (1H, overlap, H-9′a),3.62 (1H, d, J=9.2 Hz, H-9′b),4.86(1H, d, J=7.5 Hz, H-1″),3.33~3.50 (5H, m, H-2″-6″),3.86 (3H, s, 3-OCH3),3.84 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:139.1 (C-1),112.2 (C-2),150.8(C-3),147.4 (C-4),117.6 (C-5),120.5 (C-6),85.6(C-7),62.0 (C-8),60.9 (C-9),130.4 (C-1′),115.2 (C-2′),148.6 (C-3′),146.2(C-4′),115.8 (C-5′),123.8 (C-6′),40.6(C-7′),82.6 (C-8′),78.1(C-9′),102.9 (C-1″),74.9 (C-2″),77.8 (C-3″),71.3 (C-4″),78.2 (C-5″),62.5 (C-6″),56.6(C-3-OCH3),56.3 (C-3′-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[9]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為橄欖樹脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 377.162 3 [M+H]+,分子式為C20H24O7。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz)δ:6.63 (1H,s, H-2),6.18 (1H, s, H-5),2.60 (1H, d, J=16.7 Hz, H-7a),3.21 (1H, d, J=16.7 Hz, H-7b),3.78 (1H, overlap, H-9a),3.56 (1H, dd, J=11.0,4.1 Hz, H-9b),6.70 (1H, d, J=1.7 Hz, H-2′),6.75 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-5′),6.66(1H, dd, J=8.0,1.7 Hz,H-6′),4.02 (1H, d, J=11.6 Hz, H-7′),2.03(1H, dt, J=11.6,3.7 Hz,H-8′), 3.58 (1H, d, J=11.0 Hz, H-9′a),3.79 (1H, overlap, H-9′b),3.77 (3H, s, 3-OCH3),3.80 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:133.5 (C-1),113.9 (C-2),147.5 (C-3),145.3 (C-4),117.3 (C-5),126.4 (C-6),39.9 (C-7),75.0(C-8),69.4 (C-9),138.5 (C-1′),113.9 (C-2′),149.1 (C-3′),146.1(C-4′),116.0 (C-5′),123.6 (C-6′),44.9(C-7′),47.5 (C-8′),60.8 (C-9′),56.4 (C-3-OCH3),56.3 (C-3′-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[11]基本一致,故鑒定為(+)-cycloolivil。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 647.197 2[M+Na]+,分子式為C29H36O15。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz)δ:6.69 (1H, d, J=2.0 Hz, H-2),6.67 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz, H-5),6.56 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 2.0 Hz, H-6),2.79 (2H, m, H-7),4.04 (1H, m, H-8a),3.62 (1H, m, H-8b),7.05 (1H,d, J=2.0 Hz, H-2′),6.77 (1H,d, J=8.2 Hz, H-5′),6.95 (1H, dd, J=8.2,2.0 Hz, H-6′),7.59 (1H, d, J=15.8 Hz, H-7′),6.27 (1H, d, J=15.8 Hz, H-8′),4.37(1H, d, J=7.9 Hz, H-1″),3.37~3.87 (4H, m, H-2″-5″),3.90 (1H, m, H-6″a),3.71 (1H, m, H-6″b),5.18 (1H, d, J=1.4 Hz, H-1?),3.37~3.87 (4H, m,H-2?-5?),1.09 (3H,d, J=6.2 Hz, H-6?)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:131.5 (C-1),116.3 (C-2),146.2(C-3),144.7 (C-4),117.1(C-5),121.2 (C-6),36.6 (C-7),72.1 (C-8),127.7 (C-1′),115.2 (C-2′),146.8 (C-3′),149.8(C-4′),116.5 (C-5′),123.2(C-6′),148.0(C-7′),114.7 (C-8′),168.3(C-9′),104.2 (C-1″),76.2 (C-2″),81.6 (C-3″),70.6 (C-4″),76.1 (C-5″),62.4 (C-6″),103.0 (C-1?),72.4 (C-2?),72.3 (C-3?),73.8 (C-4?),70.4 (C-5?),18.4 (C-6?)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[12]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為acteoside。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 543.188 0[M+Na]+,分子式為C26H32O11。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz) δ:7.03 (1H, d, J=1.7 Hz,H-2),7.14 (1H, d, J=8.3 Hz,H-5),6.92 (1H, dd, J=8.3,1.7 Hz,H-6),4.76 (1H, d, J=4.1 Hz,H-7), 3.13(1H, m, H-8), 4.24(1H, m, H-9a), 3.86(1H, overlap, H-9b), 6.94 (1H,d, J=1.7 Hz, H-2′),6.76 (1H,d, J=8.1 Hz, H-5′),6.81 (1H, dd, J=8.1,1.7 Hz, H-6′),4.71 (1H, d, J=4.4 Hz, H-7′),3.13 (1H,m, H-8′),4.24 (1H,m, H-9′a),3.86 (1H,overlap, H-9′b),4.87(1H, d, J=7.4 Hz, H-1″),3.33-3.52 (4H, m, H-2″-5″),3.86 (1H, overlap, H-6″a),3.69 (1H, dd, J=12.0,4.8 Hz, H-6″b),3.87 (3H, s, 3-OCH3),3.85 (3H, s, 3′-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:137.5 (C-1),111.7 (C-2),147.5(C-3),151.0 (C-4),118.1(C-5),119.8 (C-6),87.1(C-7),55.6 (C-8),72.7 (C-9),133.8 (C-1′),111.0 (C-2′),147.3 (C-3′),149.1(C-4′),116.1 (C-5′),120.0(C-6′),87.5 (C-7′),55.4(C-8′),72.7(C-9′),102.9 (C-1″),74.9 (C-2″),77.9 (C-3″),71.4 (C-4″),78.2 (C-5″),62.5 (C-6″),56.8(C-3-OCH3),56.4 (C-3′-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[13]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為(+)-pinoresinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 371.135 9 [M+H]+,分子式為C17H22O9。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz) δ:7.03 (1H,s,H-2),7.03 (1H, s,H-6),7.61 (1H, d, J=15.8 Hz, H-7), 6.76 (1H, dd, J=15.8,7.7 Hz, H-8),9.64(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz, H-9),5.04 (1H,d, J=7.6 Hz, H-1′),3.86 (1H, overlap, H-6′a),3.77 (1H, overlap, H-6′b),3.38~3.80 (4H,m, H-2′-5′),3.90 (3H, s, 3-OCH3),3.90 (3H, s, 5-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:132.0 (C-1),107.8 (C-2),154.7(C-3),138.8 (C-4),154.7(C-5),107.8 (C-6),155.0(C-7),129.2 (C-8),196.0 (C-9),104.7 (C-1′),75.7 (C-2′),77.9 (C-3′),71.4(C-4′),78.5 (C-5′),62.6(C-6′),57.1(C-3-OCH3),57.1(C-5-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[14]報(bào)道基本一致,鑒定為sinapaldehydeglucoside。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 475.182 6[M+H]+,分子式為C21H30O12。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz)δ:7.17 (1H,d, J=8.3 Hz,H-5),7.09 (1H,d, J=2.0 Hz,H-2),6.84 (1H, dd, J=8.3,2.0 Hz, H-6),3.34 (2H, m, H-7),5.94 (1H, m,H-8),5.06(1H, m, H-9a),5.02(1H, m, H-9b),4.83(1H,d, J=7.6 Hz, H-1′),3.31~3.51 (4H,m, H-2′-5′),3.85(1H, dd,J=12.1,1.9 Hz, H-6′a),3.71(1H, dd, J=12.1,3.7 Hz, H-6′b),4.81 (1H,d, J=7.5 Hz, H-1″),3.31~3.51 (4H,m, H-2″-5″),3.85(1H, dd,J=12.1,1.9 Hz, H-6″a),3.69 (1H, dd, J=12.1,3.7 Hz, H-6″b)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:137.4 (C-1),121.0 (C-2),149.2(C-3),147.5 (C-4),121.0(C-5),124.8 (C-6),40.6(C-7),138.8(C-8),116.0 (C-9),104.2 (C-1′),75.1 (C-2′),77.8 (C-3′),71.3(C-4′),78.2 (C-5′),62.4(C-6′),104.3 (C-1″),75.1 (C-2″),77.8 (C-3″),71.3 (C-4″),78.2 (C-5″),62.4 (C-6″)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[15]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為1,2-di-O-β-D-glucopranosyl-4-allylbenzene。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 505.193 4[M+H]+,分子式為C22H32O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz)δ:6.81 (1H,d, J=1.5 Hz,H-2),6.60 (1H,d, J=1.5 Hz, H-6),3.33 (1H, overlap, H-7a), 3.19 (1H, m, H-7b),5.04 (1H, m, H-8),5.95 (1H, m,H-9a),5.10 (1H,m, H-9b),4.83(1H,d, J=7.6 Hz, H-1′),3.17~3.54 (4H,m, H-2′-5′),3.77(1H, dd, J=12.1,2.2 Hz, H-6′a),3.69(1H, dd, J=12.1,5.3 Hz, H-6′b),4.90 (1H,d, J=7.7 Hz, H-1″),3.17~3.54 (4H,m, H-2″-5″),3.89 (1H, dd,J=12.0,1.7 Hz, H-6″a),3.71 (1H, dd, J=12.0, 5.2 Hz, H-6″b),3.83 (3H, s, 3-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:138.6 (C-1),111.9 (C-2),152.2(C-3),135.3 (C-4),154.3(C-5),109.1 (C-6),41.2(C-7),138.5 (C-8),116.3(C-9),105.4 (C-1′),75.1 (C-2′),77.6 (C-3′),71.3 (C-4′),78.4(C-5′),62.4(C-6′),103.8(C-1″),75.6 (C-2″),78.0 (C-3″),71.4 (C-4″),78.4 (C-5″),62.5 (C-6″),57.0 (3-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[16]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為shashenoside I。
白色針狀結(jié)晶。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 373.152 0 [M+H]+,分子式為C17H24O9。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz)δ:6.75 (1H, s, H-3),6.75 (1H, s, H-5), 6.54 (1H, d, J=15.8, H-7), 6.32 (1H, dt, J=15.8, 5.6 Hz,H-8),4.22 (2H, brd, J=5.6 Hz,H-9),4.87 (1H,d, J=7.6 Hz, H-1′),3.36~3.49 (4H,m, H-2′-5′),3.78 (1H, dd, J=12.0,2.3 Hz,H-6′a),3.66 (1H, dd, J=12.0,5.2 Hz,H-6′b),3.86 (6H, s, 3-OCH3,5-OCH3)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:135.9 (C-1),154.4 (C-2),105.4(C-3),135.2 (C-4),105.4(C-5),154.4 (C-6),130.0 (C-7),131.3 (C-8),63.6(C-9),105.3 (C-1′),75.7 (C-2′),78.4 (C-3′),71.3 (C-4′),77.8(C-5′),62.6(C-6′),57.0 (3-OCH3),57.0 (5-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[17]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為syringin。
黃色無(wú)定型固體。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 491.177 4 [M+H]+,分子式為C21H30O13。1H-NMR(CD3OD, 600 MHz) δ:6.44 (1H, d, J=1.7 Hz,H-2),6.66 (1H, d, J=1.7 Hz, H-6),3.25(2H,overlap,H-7),5.92 (1H,m,H-8),5.07 (1H, dd, J=17.0,1.6 Hz,H-9a),5.02 (1H, dd, J=17.0,1.6 Hz,H-9b),4.80(1H,d, J=7.6 Hz, H-1′),3.33~3.53 (4H,m, H-2′-5′),3.89 (1H, dd, J=12.5,1.1 Hz,H-6′a),3.72 (1H, m,H-6′b),4.75(1H,d, J=7.8 Hz, H-1″),3.33~3.53 (4H, m, H-2″-5″),3.80 (1H, dd, J=12.1,2.3 Hz,H-6″a),3.72 (1H, m,H-6b″)。13C-NMR (CD3OD, 150 MHz) δ:139.1(C-1),112.2(C-2),151.9(C-3),134.5(C-4),151.7(C-5),112.2(C-6),41.0(C-7),138.6 (C-8),116.1 (C-9),106.7(C-1′),75.4(C-2′),78.3(C-3′),71.3(C-4′),77.8(C-5′),62.5(C-6′),103.6(C-1″),74.9(C-2″),78.3(C-3″),70.7(C-4″),77.6(C-5″),61.9 (C-6″)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[18]報(bào)道基本一致,故鑒定為3,4,5-trihydroxy-allylbenzene,3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside。
黃色粉末。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 181.053 2 [M+H]+,分子式為C9H8O4。1H-NMR(C5D5N, 600 MHz) δ:7.65 (1H, d, J=1.5 Hz, H-2),7.22 (1H, overlap, H-5),7.23 (1H, overlap, H-6),8.13 (1H,d, J=15.8 Hz, H-7),6.83 (1H,d, J=15.8 Hz, H-8)。13C-NMR (C5D5N,150 MHz) δ:127.2 (C-1),115.7 (C-2),147.6 (C-3),149.9 (C-4), 116.8 (C-5),121.7(C-6),145.2 (C-7),116.7 (C-8),169.6 (C-9)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)[19]報(bào)道基本一致,鑒定為caffeic acid。
白色針狀結(jié)晶。HR-ESI-MS m/z: 195.068 3 [M+H]+,分子式為C10H10O4。1H-NMR(C5D5N, 600 MHz) δ: 7.35 (1H, d, J=1.8 Hz, H-2),7.20 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz, H-5),7.28 (1H, dd,J=8.1, 1.8 Hz, H-6),8.12 (1H, d, J=15.9 Hz, H-7),6.88 (1H, d, J=15.9 Hz,H-8),3.77 (3H, s, 3-OCH3)。13C-NMR (C5D5N, 150 MHz) δ:126.8 (C-1),111.4 (C-2),150.7 (C-3),144.9 (C-4),116.8 (C-5),117.1 (C-6),148.9 (C-7),116.8 (C-8),169.6(C-9),55.8(3-OCH3)。上述數(shù)據(jù)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[20]基本一致,故鑒定為ferulic acid。
本研究對(duì)暴馬子皮60%乙醇洗脫層展開了較為系統(tǒng)的化學(xué)成分分析,共得到14個(gè)苯丙素類化合物。其中化合物3、9、10、12首次從木犀科中分離得到,化合物5、6為首次從丁香屬中分離得到,化合物1為首次從該植物中分離得到。暴馬子皮中含有豐富的苯丙素類、環(huán)烯醚萜類和苯乙醇類等化學(xué)成分,且一些苯丙素類化合物具有抗氧化,抗炎等生物活性。本研究豐富了暴馬子皮的化學(xué)成分,為進(jìn)一步闡明藥效物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),并繼續(xù)深入開展暴馬子皮的藥效作用機(jī)制研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。為今后暴馬子皮資源的深入開發(fā)和利用提供了理論依據(jù)。擴(kuò)展了有關(guān)木犀科及丁香屬植物化學(xué)特征性成分的知識(shí)。