蘇蕾
[摘要] 目的 探討健康教育對(duì)社區(qū)居民健康行為及知識(shí)知曉情況的影響。方法 2016年12月—2018年12月從該社區(qū)居民中隨機(jī)抽取397名居民,給予綜合干預(yù)模式,在干預(yù)前及干預(yù)后分別使用社區(qū)自制的健康行為形成率及健康知識(shí)知曉率調(diào)查問(wèn)卷進(jìn)行調(diào)查。結(jié)果 干預(yù)前共收取調(diào)查問(wèn)卷794份,有效問(wèn)卷包括785份,其中干預(yù)前健康行為形成率調(diào)查問(wèn)卷395份,健康知識(shí)知曉率調(diào)查問(wèn)卷390份;干預(yù)后共收取問(wèn)卷794份,其中有效問(wèn)卷784份,健康行為形成率調(diào)查問(wèn)卷393份,健康知識(shí)知曉率調(diào)查問(wèn)卷391份。干預(yù)后,健康行為形成率為84.0%,干預(yù)前為53.0%,干預(yù)后明顯高于干預(yù)前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);干預(yù)后,健康知識(shí)知曉率為85.0%,干預(yù)前為53.0%,干預(yù)后健康知識(shí)知曉率及健康行為形成率明顯高于干預(yù)前,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 采用以健康教育為主的綜合干預(yù)模式,可提高居民對(duì)相關(guān)疾病的健康知識(shí)知曉率及健康行為形成率。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 健康教育;健康知識(shí)知曉率;健康行為形成率
[中圖分類號(hào)] R193 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1672-5654(2020)09(c)-0041-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the impact of health education on community residents' health behavior and knowledge awareness. Methods From December 2016 to December 2018, 397 residents were randomly selected from the residents of our community, and they were given a comprehensive intervention model. Before and after the intervention, the survey was conducted using community-made health behavior formation rate and health knowledge awareness rate questionnaires. Results A total of 794 questionnaires were collected before the intervention, including 785 valid questionnaires, including 395 questionnaires on the formation rate of health behaviors before the intervention and 390 questionnaires on the awareness rate of health knowledge. After the intervention, a total of 794 questionnaires were collected, of which 784 were valid questionnaires, 393 questionnaires on the formation rate of healthy behaviors and 391 questionnaires on the awareness rate of health knowledge. After the intervention, the formation rate of healthy behaviors was 84.0%, 53.0% before the intervention, and significantly higher after the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); after the intervention, the awareness rate of health knowledge was 85.0%, and the rate was 53.0% before the intervention. The knowledge awareness rate and the formation rate of healthy behavior were significantly higher than before the intervention, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Adopting a comprehensive intervention model with health education as the mainstay can increase the awareness rate of health knowledge and the formation rate of health behavior among residents about related diseases.
[Key words] Health education; Awareness rate of health knowledge; Formation rate of healthy behavior
世界衛(wèi)生組織指出21世紀(jì)生活方式是威脅人類健康的頭號(hào)殺手[1]。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)[2],社區(qū)居民對(duì)慢性非傳染性疾病相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素的知曉率均較低,主要包括肥胖危害、高血壓危害、營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良知識(shí)危害、吃鹽多與何種疾病有關(guān)、生活方式與癌癥關(guān)系知識(shí)、高血脂與疾病關(guān)系、高血壓相關(guān)疾病、吸煙危害知識(shí)等方面;而慢性病危險(xiǎn)因素暴露包括咸食攝入、不參加體育鍛煉、成人肥胖、吸煙酗酒、高血脂等方面[3-5]。該中心通過(guò)對(duì)慢性病預(yù)防、治療、康復(fù)、健康指導(dǎo)等方面給予健康教育干預(yù),探索出一條以一級(jí)預(yù)防為主,二三級(jí)預(yù)防并重的健康教育模式,且具有一定效果。該文于2016年12月—2018年12月從該社區(qū)中隨機(jī)抽取397名居民,對(duì)干預(yù)前后的社區(qū)居民健康行為形成情況及知識(shí)知曉情況進(jìn)行了分析,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
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(收稿日期:2020-06-21)