吳玉豐 邵亭波 郭華 柳春 余磊 殷世鵬
摘要:目的 ?通過(guò)分析我國(guó)中醫(yī)古籍孤本研究的現(xiàn)狀,梳理研究?jī)?nèi)容,以期為該領(lǐng)域的研究提供參考。方法 ?以中國(guó)知識(shí)資源總庫(kù)(CNKI)、中國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(萬(wàn)方數(shù)據(jù))、中文科技期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(維普網(wǎng))為數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源,檢索建庫(kù)至2019年12月31日公開(kāi)發(fā)表的以中醫(yī)古籍孤本為主題的學(xué)術(shù)論文,對(duì)發(fā)表年份、發(fā)文作者及機(jī)構(gòu)、來(lái)源期刊、研究?jī)?nèi)容等進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果 ?本研究共篩選符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的文獻(xiàn)353篇,其中學(xué)位論文12篇、會(huì)議論文18篇、期刊論文323篇。2005年以前發(fā)文量比較平緩,2006年開(kāi)始明顯增加;所有論文作者共計(jì)400位,其中第一作者256位,上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)段逸山以第一作者發(fā)文7篇和共計(jì)發(fā)文13篇位列第一;發(fā)文機(jī)構(gòu)共有144家,上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)發(fā)文45篇居首位;載文期刊共有96種,《中醫(yī)文獻(xiàn)雜志》載文41篇排名第一。從研究?jī)?nèi)容分析,以中醫(yī)古籍孤本工作為研究?jī)?nèi)容的文獻(xiàn)29篇,研究主題包括中醫(yī)古籍孤本資源調(diào)查、數(shù)字化保護(hù)、藝術(shù)美學(xué)價(jià)值欣賞、修復(fù)和編輯出版等;以具體的中醫(yī)古籍孤本為研究?jī)?nèi)容的文獻(xiàn)324篇,涉及古籍244部,涵蓋版本考證、點(diǎn)校整理、價(jià)值評(píng)介及學(xué)術(shù)思想、遣方用藥、臨床應(yīng)用等方面。結(jié)論 ?我國(guó)中醫(yī)古籍孤本研究還有很大的研究空間,建議各古籍收藏機(jī)構(gòu)構(gòu)建自己的研究團(tuán)隊(duì),多方籌集資金,在本館古籍孤本資源的調(diào)查、考證、整理及有價(jià)值的中醫(yī)古籍孤本內(nèi)容挖掘方面開(kāi)展廣泛而深入的研究。
關(guān)鍵詞:孤本;抄本;中醫(yī)古籍;文獻(xiàn)計(jì)量學(xué)
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):G353.1 ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A ? ?文章編號(hào):2095-5707(2020)06-0007-05
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5707.2020.06.002 ? ? ? ?開(kāi)放科學(xué)(資源服務(wù))標(biāo)識(shí)碼(OSID):
Abstract: Objective To combing research contents by analyzing the status quo of ancient unique copy of TCM in China; To provide references for research in this field. Methods Using China National Knowledge Resources Database (CNKI), China Academic Journals Database (Wanfang Data), and Chinese Sci-tech Journals Database (Weipu.com) as data sources, articles about ancient unique copy of TCM from the establishment to December 31, 2019 were retrieved. The authors, institutions, journals, research contents, etc. were analyzed. Results This study screened a total of 353 articles that met the criteria, including 12 dissertations, 18 conference papers, and 323 journal papers. The number of publications was relatively stable before 2005, and it began to increase significantly in 2006; There were a total of 400 authors in all the papers, among which 256 were the first authors. Duan Yi-shan from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine ranked first with 7 first- author articles and 13 articles in total; There were 144 publishing organizations, and Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine published 45 papers, which ranked the first; there were a total of 96 journals with articles, and Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Literature published 41 articles, which ranked the first. From the perspective of study subject, 29 articles set ancient unique copy of TCM as the research subject. The research topics included resource investigation, digital protection, artistic aesthetic value appreciation, restoration, editing and publishing, etc. Totally 324 articles set specific ancient unique copy of TCM as the research subject, involving 244 ancient books, covering edition textual research, point collation, value evaluation and introduction, as well as the exploration of academic thoughts, prescription medication, clinical application and other contents. Conclusion There is still a lot of research space for the research on the ancient unique copy of TCM in China. It is recommended that all ancient book collection institutions build their own research teams to raise funds in various ways to investigate, textualize, organize and excavate the contents of valuable ancient TCM books, and conduct extensive and in-depth research.
論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容可以劃分成兩類(lèi),一類(lèi)是以中醫(yī)古籍孤本整體為研究?jī)?nèi)容,如侯艷等[5]提出加快中醫(yī)藥古籍孤本文獻(xiàn)的保護(hù)力度和數(shù)字化建設(shè);裘儉等[6]對(duì)中醫(yī)古籍抄本研究現(xiàn)狀的分析;史寶友等[7]對(duì)中醫(yī)古籍孤本藝術(shù)美學(xué)價(jià)值和修復(fù)方面的探討。另一類(lèi)以具體的中醫(yī)古籍孤本為研究?jī)?nèi)容,如高雨[8]對(duì)《傷寒直指》一書(shū)的版本流傳進(jìn)行考證;張工彧等[9]對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)孤本《脈微》作者的生平與成書(shū)背景、學(xué)術(shù)思想進(jìn)行深入地研究;樊雅夢(mèng)等[10]對(duì)國(guó)家圖書(shū)館館藏孤本《神效集》中疔瘡的診斷、治療及選方用藥進(jìn)行了研究。
4 ?小結(jié)
近年來(lái),國(guó)家特別重視對(duì)中醫(yī)及各類(lèi)古籍的保護(hù)、開(kāi)發(fā)和建設(shè),采取了一系列的措施,如在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)開(kāi)展以基本摸清古籍資源和保存狀況為目標(biāo)的古籍普查項(xiàng)目、投資建設(shè)了一批標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化古籍收藏場(chǎng)所以保護(hù)珍貴古籍、實(shí)施珍貴古籍修復(fù)和促進(jìn)海外中華古籍回歸的項(xiàng)目、完成了在全國(guó)有重大影響的古籍的影印和整理出版工作、影印出版了《中醫(yī)古籍孤本大全》大型系列叢書(shū),還有一部分研究機(jī)構(gòu)借助現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)對(duì)珍貴古籍縮微復(fù)制和數(shù)字化,并提供網(wǎng)絡(luò)化服務(wù),解決了古籍保護(hù)和利用的矛盾。這些措施的實(shí)施都為廣大用戶了解和研究中醫(yī)古籍提供了方便。這可能也是2006年以后我國(guó)中醫(yī)古籍孤本領(lǐng)域的學(xué)術(shù)研究活躍度提高的原因之一,但該領(lǐng)域研究仍有較大的提升空間,如在檢出文獻(xiàn)中涉及館藏古籍孤本資源調(diào)查方面只有2篇文獻(xiàn)[3,11],因此,建議各中醫(yī)古籍收藏單位努力構(gòu)建自己的研究團(tuán)隊(duì),積極申請(qǐng)科研項(xiàng)目,加大經(jīng)費(fèi)和人力的投入,在本館古籍孤本資源的調(diào)查、考證、整理及有價(jià)值中醫(yī)古籍孤本內(nèi)容挖掘方面開(kāi)展廣泛而深入地研究,更好地保護(hù)和挖掘這一珍貴的文化遺產(chǎn)。由于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)檢索詞的局限,無(wú)法做到百分之百查全率,未來(lái)研究中可以繼續(xù)積累資料,以期為中醫(yī)古籍孤本的研究提供參考依據(jù)。
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(收稿日期:2020-07-15)
(修回日期:2020-09-11;編輯:鄭宏)