曲永華
常言道:良言一句三冬暖,惡語傷人六月寒。什么叫高情商呢?就是會說話、會辦事。說起話來讓人聽起來舒服,做起事來讓人感到溫暖。你想做一名高情商、會說話辦事的人嗎?那么就跟我一起學(xué)習(xí)吧!看看情態(tài)動詞could到底如何使用。
一、情態(tài)動詞could的用法
1. can 的過去式;
2. 禮貌地請求;
3. 提出建議;
4. 表推測。
二、提出禮貌的請求
1. Could you +動詞原形+...?
2. Could you please+動詞原形+...?
意為“請你做……好嗎?”,句型2比句型1語氣更加委婉。
肯定回答:Yes, sure. / Sure. / Of course. / No problem.
否定回答:Sorry. / Sorry, I can't.
—Could you please close the window? 請你關(guān)上窗戶好嗎?
—I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。
其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為:Could you (please) not do...?
三、表示請求許可
1. could表示請求允許,其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為:
Could I / we +動詞原形+...?意為“請問我(們)能做……嗎?”
肯定回答:Sure. / Of course. / No problem.
否定回答:I'm sorry... / Sorry, you can't.
特別提示:在以上句子結(jié)構(gòu)中情態(tài)動詞could不是can的過去式,而是用來表示委婉語氣的,后跟動詞原形。
Could I come in? 我可以進來嗎?
2. 另外,用Could I...時,表示請求對方準(zhǔn)許,對方回答時不能用could,而要用can。
肯定回答:Certainly. / Of course. / With pleasure. / No problem. / Sure. / Yes, you can.
否定回答:I'm afraid not. / No, I'm afraid you can't. / No, you can't.
—Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行車嗎?
—Yes, you can. 是的,可以。
四、could與can的區(qū)別
could與can都是情態(tài)動詞,could是can的過去式。二者都可用于表示請求,但是用法不同:
1. can表示一般性的請求,語氣隨便,常用于熟人之間或長輩對晚輩、上級對下級的場合。
Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能給我們講講你的故事嗎,托尼?
2. could表示有禮貌地請求,語氣委婉,常用于非熟人之間或晚輩對長輩、下級對上級的場合。
—Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? 你能告訴我們澳大利亞冬天是否下雪嗎?
—Sure. 當(dāng)然可以。
【考題鏈接】
一、單項選擇。
1. —___ I close the window? It's cold here.
—Yes, sure.
A. MustB. Will
C. CouldD. Would
2. —Could I bring a friend to your birthday party?
—Sure, ___.
A. no problem ? B. not at all
C. my pleasure ? D. well done
3. —Could you please sweep the floor? I'm going to cook dinner.
—___.
A. I'm afraid not ? B. I hope so
C. That's all right ? D. With pleasure
4. —Could I borrow your bike, please?
—___.
A. Of course you can
B. It doesn't matter
C. Yes, I'd love to
D. No, thank you
5. —Could you please do the dishes?
—___. I'm busy with my homework.
A. Yes, you can ? B. Yes, I can
C. Sorry, you can't D. Sorry, I can't
二、按要求完成下列句子,每空一詞。
1. Could you please pass me the salt? (改為否定句)
Could you please ___ ___ me the salt?
2. —Could you please clean the living room?
(作否定回答)
—___, I ___.
3. How about going out for lunch with Jack? (用could改寫句子)
___ we ___ ___ for lunch with Jack?
三、根據(jù)每小題后的提示語回答下面的問題。
1. Q: Could you please clean your room?
(Sorry / do the dishes)
A: ________________
2. Q: Could I stay out late?
(No / babysit your sister)
A: ________________
3. Q: Could you please make your bed?
(Yes / sure)
A: ________________
4. Q: Could I use your bicycle?
(No / need it today)
A: ________________
5. Q: Could you please take out the trash?
(Sorry / practice the piano)
A: ________________
四、根據(jù)漢語意思完成英語句子,每空一詞。
1. ——請問我能用一下你的自行車嗎?
——不,你不能。我得騎車外出。
—___ I ___ your bike?
—No, you ___. I have to go out.
2. ——當(dāng)你5歲時,你會跳舞嗎?
——不能。
—___ ___ ___ when you were
five years old?
—___, I ___.
3. ——我能在這兒唱歌嗎?
——對不起,你不能。
—___ ___ sing here?
—___ ___, you can't.
4. 請遞給我那支鋼筆好嗎?
___ ___ ___ ___ me that pen?
5. ——請你幫我洗衣服好嗎?
——對不起,我不能。我必須去上學(xué)。
—Could you please help me wash the clothes?
—___, ___ ___. I have to go to school.
五、仔細(xì)觀察例句,然后判斷哪些句子表示請求,哪些句子表示請求允許(Write R for requests and P for permission)。
1. Could you please clean your room?
2. Could you take out the rubbish?
3. Could you please take the dog for a walk?
4. Could I use your computer?
5. Could we get something to drink after the movie?