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動(dòng)力型支具結(jié)合早期康復(fù)鍛煉在屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)修復(fù)術(shù)后的臨床療效觀察

2020-08-04 11:11:35楊家全陳坤強(qiáng)周歡斌
中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生 2020年15期
關(guān)鍵詞:功能恢復(fù)

楊家全 陳坤強(qiáng) 周歡斌

[摘要] 目的 觀察動(dòng)力型支具結(jié)合早期功能鍛煉在屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)斷裂修復(fù)術(shù)后應(yīng)用對(duì)手指功能恢復(fù)的臨床療效。 方法 選取我院2017年6月~2018年10月期間屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)斷裂并行手術(shù)修復(fù)的47例(共81指)患者,按照來院先后隨機(jī)分成治療組(19例,共34指)和對(duì)照組(28例,47指)。治療組肌腱修復(fù)術(shù)后給予動(dòng)力型支具固定,并在術(shù)后第1天開始在支具保護(hù)下行手指主動(dòng)伸指和被動(dòng)屈伸手指鍛煉,對(duì)照組給予靜力型支具固定,兩組支具均固定在相同的位置。兩組患者均支具固定至術(shù)后3周,并在術(shù)后4周、6周、12周按TAM法評(píng)定手指總主動(dòng)活動(dòng)度。 結(jié)果 通過TAM法評(píng)定優(yōu)良率,結(jié)果顯示治療組術(shù)后4周、6周、12周TAM優(yōu)良率均明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),這個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)于術(shù)后4周、6周更為明顯。 結(jié)論 動(dòng)力型支具結(jié)合早期功能鍛煉在屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)斷裂術(shù)后應(yīng)用能較早的獲得較好的手指主動(dòng)屈伸活動(dòng)度,利于屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)損傷術(shù)后早期康復(fù)。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 屈肌腱修復(fù);Ⅱ區(qū);動(dòng)力矯形器;功能恢復(fù)

[中圖分類號(hào)] R473.6 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2020)15-0080-03

Observation of the clinical effect of dynamic orthosis combined with early rehabilitation exercise after zone Ⅱ flexor tendon repair

YANG Jiaquan ? CHEN Kunqiang ? ZHOU Huanbin ? LIAO Jianping

Department of Orthopaedics, Jiujiang First People's Hospital in Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang ? 332000, China

[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical effect of dynamic orthosis combined with early function exercise on the recovery of finger function after repair of the flexor tendon zone Ⅱ rupture. Methods A total of 47 patients(81 fingers) who underwent surgical repair of the flexor tendon zone Ⅱrupture in our hospital from June 2017 to October 2018 were randomly divided into treatment group(19 patients, 34 fingers) and control group(28 patients, 47 fingers). The treatment group was given a dynamic orthosis fixation after tendon repair, and on the first day after surgery, the fingers were actively and passively extended and flexed under the protection of the orthosis. The control group was given static orthosis. Both orthoses were fixed in the same position. Both groups of patients were fixed by orthosis to 3 weeks after operation, and the total active finger activity was evaluated by TAM method at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after operation. Results The excellent and good rate was evaluated by TAM method. The results showed that the excellent and good rate of TAM in the treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after operation(P<0.05), and this advantage was more obvious at 4 and 6 weeks after surgery. Conclusion The application of dynamic orthosis combined with early function exercise after the surgery for the flexor tendon zone Ⅱ rupture can obtain better active flexion and extension of the fingers earlier, which is beneficial to early rehabilitation after injury of flexor tendon zone Ⅱ.

在修復(fù)肌腱時(shí),本文使用了改良Kessler法加肌腱周圍連續(xù)鎖邊縫合法。因?yàn)榇罅康难芯勘砻?,此方法的縫合強(qiáng)度足以進(jìn)行早期主動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng),并減少肌腱粘連、斷裂等并發(fā)癥[11-13]。本研究中47例患者采用此縫合方法,未出現(xiàn)肌腱再斷裂病例。

臨床上被動(dòng)鍛煉應(yīng)遵循過程要緩慢、幅度要充分的原則[14]。動(dòng)力型支具不是無限制的活動(dòng),是采用動(dòng)靜結(jié)合的方法。因?yàn)殛P(guān)節(jié)松動(dòng)技術(shù)作用于關(guān)節(jié)周圍纖維組織時(shí),纖維組織被拉長(zhǎng),需達(dá)到一定時(shí)間后關(guān)節(jié)周圍纖維組織由彈性延長(zhǎng)才會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樗苄匝娱L(zhǎng),所以功能鍛煉后仍需結(jié)合靜態(tài)制動(dòng),兩者協(xié)同作用,才能提高療效、縮短治療時(shí)間[15-17]。同時(shí),我們意識(shí)到,動(dòng)力型支具牽拉手指被動(dòng)屈曲活動(dòng)時(shí),屈曲活動(dòng)幅度不夠,難以屈曲到最大屈曲活動(dòng)度,這一表現(xiàn)在遠(yuǎn)指間關(guān)節(jié)上更為明顯。所以我們結(jié)合了醫(yī)生幫助,盡量將患者掌指關(guān)節(jié)、近指間關(guān)節(jié)、遠(yuǎn)指間關(guān)節(jié)被動(dòng)屈曲到最大活動(dòng)度,從而補(bǔ)充了動(dòng)力型支具的不足,這樣是本研究中治療組獲得良好的臨床療效一個(gè)重要原因。

綜上所述,本研究結(jié)果表明,動(dòng)力型支具結(jié)合早期功能鍛煉,在屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)斷裂術(shù)后應(yīng)用能較早的獲得良好的手指主動(dòng)屈伸活動(dòng)度,利于屈指肌腱Ⅱ區(qū)斷裂術(shù)后早期功能恢復(fù)。

[參考文獻(xiàn)]

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[2] Wong JKF,Lui YH,Kapacee Z,et al. The cellular biology of flexor tendon adhesion formation:An old problem in a new paradigm[J]. Am J Pathol,2009,175(5):1938-1951.

[3] Tang JB. Wide-awake primary flexor tendon repair,tenolysis,and tendon transfer[J]. Clin Orthop Surg,2015, 7(3):275-281.

[4] Kannas S,Jeardeau TA,Bishop AT. Rehabilitation following zone Ⅱ flexor tendon repairs[J]. Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg,2015,19(1):10-12.

[5] 胡燕青,蔣海,李棋,等. 不同肌腱縫合方法的生物力學(xué)比較研究[J]. 中國(guó)修復(fù)重建外科雜志,2017,31(10):1208-1213.

[6] Geetha K,Hariharan NC,Mohan J. Early ultrasound therapy for rehabilitation after zone Ⅱ flexor tendon repair[J].Indian J Plast Surg,2014,47(1):85-91.

[7] Kubota H,Manske PR,Aoki M,et al. Effect of motion and tension on injured flexor tendons in chickens[J]. J Hand Surg Am,1996,21(3)456-463.

[8] Wada A,Kubota H,Akiyama T,et al. Effect of absorbable polydioxanone flexor tendon repair and restricted active mobilization in a canine model[J]. J Hand Surg Am,2001,26(3):398-406.

[9] Christopher SK,Jared B,Nader P. Postsurgical rehabilitation of flexor tendon injuries[J]. J Hand Surg Am,2019,44(8):680-686.

[10] 李連楚. 使用動(dòng)力型支具時(shí)手指肌腱的力學(xué)變化分析[J].中華物理醫(yī)學(xué)與康復(fù)雜志,2014,36(10):737-739.

[11] Dy CJ,Soria A,Ma Y,et al. Complications after flexor tendon repair:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Hand Surg Am,2012,37(3):543-551.

[12] Das KP,Datta NK,Chowdhury RM,et al. Outcome of early active mobilization in flexor tendon repair in zone Ⅱ in hand[J]. Mymensingh Med J,2014,23(3):503-511.

[13] 程杰,王繼宏,樊東升,等. 被動(dòng)功能鍛煉預(yù)防屈肌腱粘連的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J]. 中華手外科雜志,2018,34(5):371-374.

[14] Jordan MC,Schmitt V,Jansen H,et al. Biomechanical analysis of the modified kessler,lahey,adelaide and becker sutures for flexor tendon repair[J]. J Hand Surg Am,2015,40(9):1812-1817.

[15] 曹曼林,馬崢,白躍宏. 矯形器聯(lián)合關(guān)節(jié)松動(dòng)術(shù)治療指屈肌腱粘連的療效觀察[J]. 中華物理醫(yī)學(xué)與康復(fù)雜志,2013,35(8):654-656.

[16] 程凌,胡思彥. 青藤堿(正清風(fēng))定點(diǎn)介入治療配合關(guān)節(jié)松動(dòng)術(shù)治療膝關(guān)節(jié)炎的臨床療效觀察[J]. 當(dāng)代醫(yī)學(xué),2019,25(24):154-155.

[17] 謝鋼,姚弘毅,王琳,等. 關(guān)節(jié)松動(dòng)術(shù)聯(lián)合體外沖擊波治療肩周炎的療效[J]. 中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)創(chuàng)新,2019,16(26):28-31.

(收稿日期:2019-12-31)

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