王林香

【摘要】 目的：探討在急性膽囊炎行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)中應(yīng)用特殊護(hù)理干預(yù)的效果。方法：將筆者所在醫(yī)院2018年1-12月收治的82例急性膽囊炎患者為研究對(duì)象，所有患者均行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)治療，期間予以對(duì)照組常規(guī)護(hù)理，予以觀察組特殊護(hù)理干預(yù)，觀察兩組干預(yù)效果。結(jié)果：觀察組術(shù)中出血量、腹痛消失時(shí)間、下床時(shí)間及住院時(shí)間均優(yōu)于對(duì)照組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）;觀察組護(hù)理總滿意度為92.68%，顯著高于對(duì)照組73.17%，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）;觀察組術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率為4.88%，低于對(duì)照組19.51%，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：對(duì)于急性膽囊炎患者，在行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)的圍術(shù)期間，實(shí)施特殊護(hù)理干預(yù)，可取得顯著療效，提高患者滿意度及降低術(shù)后患者并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率，值得推廣。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 特殊護(hù)理干預(yù); 急性膽囊炎; 腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù); 并發(fā)癥; 護(hù)理滿意度

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.15.040 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 B 文章編號(hào) 1674-6805（2019）15-00-03

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect of special nursing intervention in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.Method：Eighty-two patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to our hospital from January to December 2018 were enrolled in the study.All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.During the period，routine nursing was given to the control group，special nursing intervention was given to the observation group，and the effect of intervention was observed in the two groups.Result：The amount of bleeding，disappearance time of abdominal pain，bed time and hospital stay in the observation group were better than those of the control group，the difference were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The total satisfaction rate of the observation group was 92.68%，which was significantly higher than that of the control group（73.17%），the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 4.88%，which was lower than 19.51% in the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：For patients with acute cholecystitis，special nursing intervention during the perioperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy can achieve significant curative effect，improve patient satisfaction rate and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.It is worthy of promotion.

【Key words】 Special nursing intervention; Acute cholecystitis; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Complications; Nursing satisfaction

急性膽囊炎為常見(jiàn)的急腹癥，疾病病因主要包括膽囊管阻塞、細(xì)菌感染等，患者的臨床表現(xiàn)主要為腹部疼痛、惡心嘔吐、發(fā)熱等，且腹部疼痛常表現(xiàn)為持續(xù)性、陣發(fā)性，這給患者帶來(lái)巨大的不適[1]。針對(duì)急性膽囊炎的治療，近年來(lái)隨著醫(yī)療水平的提升及腹腔鏡技術(shù)的推廣，常實(shí)施腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)治療急性膽囊炎，然而手術(shù)畢竟是一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)傷操作，雖說(shuō)腹腔鏡具有微創(chuàng)性，但同樣會(huì)對(duì)患者產(chǎn)生一定的影響，所以在圍術(shù)期間還需要做好患者的護(hù)理干預(yù)工作，以保證手術(shù)治療效果[2]。本次研究具體探討了將特殊護(hù)理干預(yù)應(yīng)用于急性膽囊炎行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)中的效果，現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

選取2018年1-12月筆者所在醫(yī)院收治的82例急性膽囊炎患者為研究對(duì)象，所有患者均經(jīng)病理學(xué)、影像學(xué)及體征觀察確診，患者均無(wú)手術(shù)禁忌。按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將其分成兩組，觀察組41例，其中男24例，女17例;年齡36～65歲，平均（48.5±2.6）歲;疾病發(fā)病到就診的時(shí)間為4～41 h，平均（24.5±3.1）h。對(duì)照組41例，男26例，女15例;年齡34～66歲，平均（49.1±2.4）歲;疾病發(fā)病到就診時(shí)間為5～40 h，平均（24.1±3.3）h。兩組患者一般資料比較，差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），有可比性。所有患者均簽署知情同意書。