曹鳴菲 雷德財(cái) 宋曉玉
摘要:目的? 了解四川省腫瘤醫(yī)院2005~2018年腫瘤住院患者HIV的感染狀況和流行特征。方法? 采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附(ELISA)法對(duì)我院237472例住院患者進(jìn)行HIV抗體檢測(cè),同時(shí)對(duì)HIV抗體陽(yáng)性患者的臨床資料進(jìn)行回顧性分析。結(jié)果? 住院腫瘤患者HIV抗體的總體陽(yáng)性率為1.42‰(338/237472),其中男性患者HIV抗體陽(yáng)性檢出率為2.18‰(244/111885),女性患者HIV抗體陽(yáng)性檢出率為0.75‰(94/125587),性別差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);年齡組以21~30歲檢出率最高2.18‰;病種以頭頸病區(qū)的頭頸部腫瘤所占構(gòu)成比最大21.89%;職業(yè)分布較廣,且以農(nóng)村居民為主(48.57%)。結(jié)論? 住院腫瘤患者HIV感染例數(shù)呈逐年上升趨勢(shì),以中老年男性為主,并存在病區(qū)、病種、職業(yè)構(gòu)成差異的特點(diǎn),為確保醫(yī)患安全和防止院內(nèi)感染,應(yīng)對(duì)住院腫瘤患者HIV進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期監(jiān)測(cè)。
關(guān)鍵詞:人類免疫缺陷病毒;腫瘤患者;HIV抗體
中圖分類號(hào):R512.91? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.07.024
文章編號(hào):1006-1959(2019)07-0082-04
Abstract:Objective? To understand the HIV status and epidemiological characteristics of tumor inpatients in the Sichuan Cancer Hospital from 2005 to 2018. Methods? ELISA analysis was performed on 237,472 inpatients in our hospital by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical data of HIV-positive patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results? The overall positive rate of HIV antibody in hospitalized patients was 1.42‰ (338/237472). The positive rate of HIV antibody in male patients was 2.18‰ (244/111885), and the positive rate of HIV antibody in female patients was 0.75‰ (94/125587), the gender difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the age group had the highest detection rate of 2.18‰ from 21 to 30 years old; the head and neck tumors in the head and neck area accounted for the largest ratio of 21.89%; occupation It is widely distributed and is dominated by rural residents (48.57%). Conclusion? In order to ensure the safety of doctors and patients and to prevent nosocomial infection, the number of cases of HIV infection in inpatients with tumor showed an increasing trend year by year, mainly in middle-aged and elderly men, and there were differences in disease area, disease type and occupation composition. Long-term monitoring of HIV should be performed in inpatients with tumor.
Key words:Human immunodeficiency virus;Tumor patient;HIV antibody
獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征(AIDS)亦稱艾滋病,是由人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染而引起的以免疫系統(tǒng)損害和感染為主要特征的一種危害嚴(yán)重的病毒性傳染疾病,已成為世界性的社會(huì)問題和公共衛(wèi)生問題[1-4]。為了解HIV在住院腫瘤患者中的感染狀況和流行特征,進(jìn)而給臨床應(yīng)對(duì)HIV感染提供科學(xué)依據(jù),本文對(duì)2005~2018年近14年的20余萬(wàn)份樣本進(jìn)行HIV抗體檢測(cè),并將HIV抗體初篩陽(yáng)性者血清送至四川省疾病預(yù)防控制中心復(fù)檢驗(yàn)證,并對(duì)陽(yáng)性患者的臨床資料進(jìn)行回顧性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1資料來源? 研究對(duì)象為2005年1月1日~2018年12月31日四川省腫瘤醫(yī)院237472例腫瘤初診患者,其中男性患者111885例,女性患者125587例,年齡1個(gè)月~106歲,中位年齡57歲。收集所有患者的臨床病歷資料,包括住院年份、年齡、性別、入院科室、診斷、婚姻狀況、職業(yè)、文化程度等。