建筑設(shè)計(jì)：托馬斯·施羅普弗/新加坡技術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)大學(xué)高級(jí)建筑研究室

Architect: Thomas Schroepfer/SUTD Advanced Architecture Laboratory

1 南側(cè)外景/Exterior view from south

共同未來館，又稱銀閣，是新加坡建國(guó)50周年慶典活動(dòng)的高潮。該活動(dòng)的目的在于讓游客以令人興奮的多感官浸入的方式體驗(yàn)其敘事內(nèi)容，同時(shí)旨在得到一個(gè)更加耐久的功能性構(gòu)筑物，可以超越2015年，以象征新加坡人的希望、樂觀、活力與激情。

展館的設(shè)計(jì)在采用先進(jìn)的設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，通過呈現(xiàn)一種熱帶地區(qū)的建筑形式和自然間的新的對(duì)話，遵循了博覽會(huì)建筑展示的宏偉傳統(tǒng)。將結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜形式和多孔表皮與濱海灣附近的花園環(huán)境自然地融合在一起，項(xiàng)目在高度整合的設(shè)計(jì)過程中，建立了景觀與建筑之間的密切關(guān)系。對(duì)于游客而言，展館提供了一片氣候舒適的戶外環(huán)境和一種令人贊嘆的視覺體驗(yàn)，就像行走于茂密的熱帶叢林樹葉之下——“未來自然”的想法躍然而出。

通過大量的環(huán)境模擬和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化，設(shè)計(jì)具有清晰的數(shù)學(xué)邏輯。將這過程中的分析應(yīng)用于具體的計(jì)算模型中，就得到了展館結(jié)構(gòu)形式和模式的最優(yōu)解。后者是用一種基于三角剖分的算法制作的，該算法能夠按照指定的環(huán)境參數(shù)要求填充每個(gè)面板，直到達(dá)到幾乎穩(wěn)定的水平。貫穿項(xiàng)目始終的先進(jìn)的設(shè)計(jì)和制造方法，可以預(yù)制其大部分的部件，并高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)、精確地構(gòu)造出復(fù)雜的幾何形式。盡管展館具有高度的復(fù)雜性和由此帶來的獨(dú)特性，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)依然在不到6個(gè)月的時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)了從開始施工到實(shí)地落成。這在很大程度上要?dú)w功于創(chuàng)造性的、新穎的技術(shù)使用，包括能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)項(xiàng)目的結(jié)構(gòu)和表皮平行設(shè)計(jì)的先進(jìn)計(jì)算方法，以及大部分構(gòu)件的預(yù)制技術(shù)。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，展館面積約2000m2，其主要的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)通過11,000塊獨(dú)特的穿孔鋁板、12,040個(gè)螺栓、11,188塊板材和4620個(gè)鋼構(gòu)件實(shí)現(xiàn)。屋頂寬度接近50m，高度達(dá)16m。從厚度上看，卻僅有20cm。展館的設(shè)計(jì)、預(yù)制、施工效率和效果，以及展館完成的準(zhǔn)確度，都證明了建筑和工程設(shè)計(jì)的先進(jìn)技術(shù)所具有的無限潛力。這使得全新的探索范式成為可能——不僅能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)創(chuàng)新的美學(xué)和更好的環(huán)境效能，而且在資源使用的高效性、精確性和結(jié)構(gòu)策略等方面，為設(shè)計(jì)開辟了新的可能。

自慶典結(jié)束后，展館優(yōu)越的地理位置和實(shí)用性，使其能夠容納一系列重要的社區(qū)和文化活動(dòng)，其中包括2016年的新加坡花園節(jié)，也確保了展館作為新加坡的公共資產(chǎn)能夠持續(xù)發(fā)揮作用?！?/p>

（龐凌波譯）

2 南側(cè)鳥瞰/Aerial view from south

3 北側(cè)近景/Nearby view from north

4 鳥瞰/Aerial view

The Future of Us Pavilion, AKA The Silver Pavilion, housed the capstone event for Singapore's 50th anniversary celebrations. The objective of the event was to have visitors experience an exciting immersive multi-sensory treatment of its narrative content, and to have a more permanent functional structure that would stand beyond 2015 to symbolise hope, optimism energy and passion of Singaporeans.

The design of the Pavilion follows the grand tradition of demonstrative expo structures by presenting a new dialogue between the built form and nature for the tropics based on advanced design technologies. Blending the structure's intricate form and perforated skin fluidly with the adjacent environments of Gardens by the Bay, it establishes a close relationship between landscape and building based on highly integrated design processes.For visitors, the Pavilion offers a climatically comfortable outdoor environment and a stunning visual experience akin to walking under the foliage of lush tropical trees - an idea of "future nature".

There is a clear mathematical logic to the design, determined by extensive environmental simulations and structuraloptimisations.The analysis and its application to a detailed computational model led to an optimum solution for the Pavilion's structural form and pattern.The latter was produced with an algorithm based on triangulation, which allowed each panel to be filled as required by the assigned environmental performance up to a level that is almost solid.The use of advanced design and fabrication methods throughout the project allowed for the prefabrication of most of its parts and the efficient,cost-effective and accurate construction of its geometrically complex form. Despite the Pavilion's complexity and the resulting uniqueness of most of its parts, the design team was able to realise it in less than six months from start to completion.This was largely due to its innovative and novel use of technology, including advanced computational methods that allowed for the parallel design of the project's structure and skin as well as the prefabrication of most of its components.

5 鳥瞰/Aerial view

By way of numbers, the Pavilion incorporates a phenomenal 11,000 unique perforated aluminium panels, 12,040 bolts, 11,188 plates, and 4620 elements for the main steel structure and covers an area of approximately 2000 square metres.The roof spans a width of almost 50 metres and reaches a height of 16 metres. In terms of thickness, it is a very slight 20 centimetres. The design, prefabrication, construction efficiency and effectiveness, as well as the accuracy achieved in the realisation of the Pavilion, testifies to the potentialof advanced technology for architecture and engineering design. This will allow for whole new paradigms of exploration, not only to achieve innovative aesthetics and better environmental performance, but also resource-efficiency, precision and structural solutions that open up new possibilities in design.

Since the end of the anniversary celebrations,the prominent location and practical performance of the Pavilion have allowed to accommodate a range of important community and cultural events, including the Singapore Garden Festival 2016, and ensures the continuing role of the pavilion as a public asset of Singapore.□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 新加坡國(guó)家發(fā)展部/Ministry of National Development Singapore

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: SUTD Advanced Architecture Laboratory

土木工程/Civil & Structural Engineer: S.H. Ng Consultants,Passage Projects

機(jī)電工程/Mechanical & Electrical Engineer: Engineering Management Solutions Platform

通風(fēng)管顧問/Wind Tunnel Consultant: Applied Research Consultants

主要承建/Main Contractor: Pico Art International

鋼材承建/Steel Contractor: Protag Tetra Pte. Ltd.

攝影/Photos: Koh Sze Kiat (fig.1,3,6-7,10), Fahrul Azmi( fi g.2,4), Ng Zheng Hui ( fi g.5), Leslie Heng ( fi g.11)

6 2015-2016年“共同未來展”場(chǎng)館，主入口/As a venue forThe Future of Us exhibition 2015/16, main entrance

7 2015-2016年“共同未來展”場(chǎng)館，內(nèi)景/As a venue for The Future of Us exhibition 2015/16, interior view

8 圖形生成/Pattern generation

9 面板裝配/Fabrication cutsheet

10 2016新加坡花園節(jié)場(chǎng)館，內(nèi)景/As a venue for the Singapore Garden Festival 2016, interior view

評(píng)論

唐考·潘寧：自21世紀(jì)伊始，我們?cè)庥隽硕嘀靥魬?zhàn)。面對(duì)全球環(huán)境危機(jī)，努力拯救和保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境已成為所有專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的共同目標(biāo)，但許多問題仍未得到解答。這些問題不僅關(guān)系到環(huán)境問題，因此去再次質(zhì)疑建筑思想和實(shí)踐的基本前提，不論是文化的、社會(huì)的、政治的還是美學(xué)的，是我們的職責(zé)。共同未來館是一個(gè)可以從多種視角來探討的構(gòu)筑物。一方面，人們可以假設(shè)并論證建筑的自主性，它的形式與幾何結(jié)構(gòu)可以被理解為體現(xiàn)建筑師的智慧或創(chuàng)造的證據(jù)；另一方面，人們可以否認(rèn)假定中存在的形式自主性，并在建筑的尺度、幾何形狀以及整體外觀背后，發(fā)現(xiàn)更廣義的文化條件（無論是技術(shù)、社會(huì)還是經(jīng)濟(jì)）的影響，正像我們看待政治爭(zhēng)論和選擇的方式一樣。建筑對(duì)自然環(huán)境的干預(yù)程度已經(jīng)成為了核心問題。因此設(shè)計(jì)師的任務(wù)，不僅在于設(shè)計(jì)新的東西，還在于探索建筑既具有創(chuàng)造性又體現(xiàn)責(zé)任感的可能的方式。當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)者留意或使其適應(yīng)項(xiàng)目的狀況，在考慮到所有可能的場(chǎng)所、使用者以及可能的使用方式后，選擇與可能性就出現(xiàn)了。在自然世界為我們提供無限可能與選擇的同時(shí)，它也為我們提供了設(shè)計(jì)決策的一種意義感，這種意義感延續(xù)著社會(huì)與環(huán)境的雙重責(zé)任。（龐凌波 譯）張昕楠：從弗雷·奧托到巴克敏斯特·富勒為世人展示出的建筑設(shè)計(jì)表明，受教于自然并以理性的方式使建筑成立從來都是建筑師的任務(wù)之一，特別是在計(jì)算機(jī)輔助技術(shù)疾速躍進(jìn)的當(dāng)代，這一分支借助程序邏輯和計(jì)算能力的增強(qiáng)得到了前所未有的發(fā)展。為紀(jì)念新加坡建國(guó)50周年而設(shè)計(jì)的紀(jì)念館便是借助生成設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)案例。設(shè)計(jì)通過對(duì)環(huán)境模擬的計(jì)算和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的選擇，借助基于三角形形式的生成算法對(duì)面材單元進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)；建設(shè)過程的預(yù)制裝配化也使得建造效率得到了提升，并節(jié)省了建造時(shí)間。

Comments

Tonkao Panin: Since the beginning of the 21st century, we have encountered many challenges. Faced with global environmental crisis, striving to save and protect our environment has become a common goal in all professional arenas. But many questions are still left unanswered. These questions concern not only environmental issues, thus it is our task to question again about the basic premises in architectural thought and practice, whether cultural, social, politicalor aesthetic. The Future of Us Pavilion is an architectural construct that is approached from various points of view. On the one hand, one can assume and argue of architecture's autonomy; that its form and geometry can be understood in their own right, as testimony of a designer's intelligence or invention.On the other hand, one can disavow the supposed autonomy of form and discover behind a building's dimensions, geometry and overall appearance the influence of broader cultural conditions,whether technological, socialor economic, not unlike the way we view political arguments and choices. The levelof intervention that architecture forces onto the natural world has become a central question. Thus the task of an architect is not only design something new, but also to explore possible ways in which architecture can be both creative and responsible. When the designer is attentive or attuned to the situation of the project as it has been given, with all the contingencies of place, users and possible programs in mind,the choices and possibilities emerge. As the natural world offers us endless possibilities and choices, it also presents a meaningful sense of design decision that sustains a sense of both social and environmental responsibility.

ZHANG Xinnan: The architectural design masterpieces by famous architects from Frei Otto to Buckminster Fuller show that one fundamental task for architects is to make use of natural conditions and to construct an architecture through rational means, which is particularly true in contemporary world when the computer assistant technologies develop rapidly. The rational means are developed to an unprecedented level now under the powerful support of program logic and enhancement of computing power.The pavilion designed to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the establishment of Singapore is an achievement under the assistance of computer program. Through the environment simulation and structuraloptimised choices, the scheme designed the material units by using generating method based on the triangle form.What's more, the prefabrication and assembly construction during the procedure effectively promotes the construction efficiency and saves the construction time. (Translated by QIAN Fang)