江蘇 譚春彤
1.What are the shirts made of?
句型“What is/are...made of?”用來詢問某物是由什么制成的,其中be made of意為“由……制成”,表示從制成品中可以看出原材料。例如:
That chair is made of wood.那把椅子是由木頭制成的。
【內(nèi)容鏈接】
句型“What is/are...made from?”也可用來詢問某物是由什么制成的,其中be made from也有“由……制成”的意思,但表示從制成品中不能看出原材料。例如:
This kind of paper is made from wood.這種紙是由木頭制成的。
【知識拓展】
●be made in意為“在……(某地)制造”,介詞in后面接表示地點的名詞。例如:
His watch is made in Switzerland.他的手表是瑞士制造的。
●be made by意為“由……制造”,介詞by后接表示人的名詞或代詞。例如:
The model plane is made by my uncle.這個飛機模型是我叔叔做的。
【真題回放】
—Is the wine made______grapes?
—Yes,and itwasmade ______France. 【黔東南州中考題】
A.of;in B.from;in
C.from;by D.of;as
【答案與解析】B 根據(jù)語境可知問句句意是“這酒是由葡萄制成的嗎?”,從酒中看不出原材料(葡萄),因此用介詞from;根據(jù)答句中的“France”可知答句句意為“是的,它產(chǎn)于法國?!?,因此用介詞in。故選B項。
2.No matter what you may buy,you might think those products were made in those countries.
“no matter+疑問詞”意為“無論……;不管……”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,表示無論在什么條件下都會出現(xiàn)主句所發(fā)生的情況,因此,從句中可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。從句可以放在主句前,也可放在主句后。例如:
No matter when you come again,you will be welcomed.無論你何時再來,都會受到歡迎。
Don't trust him,no matter what the young man says.不管那個年輕人說什么,都不要相信他。
【知識拓展】
在no matter what/who/when...引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,可以與whatever,whoever,whenever等詞語互換。例如:
No matter who you are,you must follow the rules.=Whoever you are,you must follow the rules.不論你是誰,都必須遵守這些規(guī)則。
3.It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
It is said that...是一個常見句型,意為“據(jù)說……”。其中的it是形式主語,真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句,這種句型實際上是“People say that...”的被動語態(tài)。例如:
It is said that Edison made more than one thousand inventions during his life.據(jù)說,安迪生一生中有1000多項發(fā)明。
It is said that his brother can speak five languages.=People say that his brother can speak five languages.據(jù)說他的哥哥能說五種語言。
【內(nèi)容鏈接】
類似的句型還有It is believed that...“人們相信……”;It is thought that...“人們認為……”;It is reported that...“據(jù)報道……”等。例如:
It is believed that Mary is an honest child.人們相信瑪麗是一個誠實的孩子。
It is thought that Mr.Smith is one of the most popular teachers.人們認為史密斯先生是最受歡迎的老師之一。
【真題回放】
______is said that the kite was invented by Chinese. 【襄樊市中考題】
A.One B.It
C.That D.This
【答案與解析】B 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語境可知,本題考查的是“It is said that...”句型。
4.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
“get+名詞/代詞+過去分詞”意為“讓別人做……”或“使……(被)做”,其中的get是使役動詞,其賓語需要接補足語,意為“使;讓”,它所表示的動作是由別人完成的,而不是由句子的主語完成的。例如:
They got the machine repaired yesterday morning.昨天上午他們請人修理了這臺機器。
【知識拓展】
動詞have也有這樣的用法,即“have+名詞/代詞+過去分詞”。例如:
I will have my hair cut this afternoon.今天下午我將要去理發(fā)。
【真題回放】
鄧小平社會管理改革思想是鄧小平理論的重要組成部分。鄧小平在吸收馬克思主義社會管理思想素養(yǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)當代國際環(huán)境,結(jié)合中國改革開放的具體實際,認為社會管理改革迫在眉睫。分析和總結(jié)鄧小平重視社會管理改革的原因,對當今堅持和推進社會管理改革具有十分重要的意義。
—You'd better go and have the car______tomorrow.
—No.I'll do it myself. 【臨沂市中考題】
A.wash B.washing
C.to wash D.washed
【答案與解析】D 根據(jù)答句句意“不,我將自己做(洗車)”可推知上句的句意應(yīng)是“你最好明天去讓人把車洗了”,因此用“have sth.+及物動詞的過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項。
5.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.
當“only+狀語”位于句首時通常表示強調(diào),其后的句子用部分倒裝語序,其結(jié)構(gòu):Only+狀語+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他。當句子作狀語時,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。例如:
Only at the end of the meeting did I realized that his friend was right.在會議結(jié)束時我才意識到他的朋友是對的。
Only when the war was over was he able to return home.只有到戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束時他才能回家。
【特別提醒】
不以作狀語成分的only開頭的句子不用倒裝形式。例如:
Only she can answer the question in English.只有她能用英語回答這個問題。
【真題回放】
Kate failed the job interview because of her poor English.Only then______how important it was to learn English well. 【包頭市中考題】
A.would she realize B.she would realize
C.did she realize D.she realized
【答案與解析】C 空白處前面是“only+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu),后面的句子要用倒裝形式,排除B、D選項。根據(jù)語境可知,“凱特意識到學(xué)好英語是很重要的”這件事情發(fā)生在她工作面試失敗這個過去的時間,因此句子應(yīng)用一般過去時。故選C項。
6.There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood,but what is it?
There must be...doing...意為“一定有……在做……”,現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語,與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。例如:
There must be an old man standing under the tree.一定有一位老人站在樹下。
【真題回放】
There must be many people______for the trains at the train station because of the snowstorm. 【綏化市中考】
A.wait B.waiting C.to wait
【答案與解析】B 考查“There must be...doing...”句型,此處應(yīng)用v.-ing形式。句意:因為暴風(fēng)雪,火車站一定有很多人在等火車。故選B項。
Ⅰ.單項選擇
1.—Which place is Maotai______?
—In Guizhou,China.
A.made of B.made from C.made in D.made by
2.There is something wrong with Cindy's watch.She wants to get it______.
A.repaired B.repair C.repairing D.to repair
3.Only after______finished practicing the piano______allowed to play computer games.A.has he;he is B.he has;is he C.has he;is he D.he has;he is
4.I'm sure there must be some children______basketball on the playground now.
A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing
Ⅱ.按要求完成句子,每空一詞。
5.Whatever he does,he is always very careful.(改為同義句)
__________________he does,he is always very careful.
6.據(jù)說他的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生過一次地震。(完成譯句)
________________________an earthquake took place in his hometown.
7.這套衣服看起來好像是她媽媽做的。
It looks as if the suit__________________her mother.
8.上次休假期間,有人邀請我參加了許多社交聚會。
I____________to lots of parties last holidays.