殷華新

高考英語書面表達(dá)旨在考查學(xué)生根據(jù)已給信息提示，結(jié)合所學(xué)的英語知識(shí)來完成書面寫作任務(wù)，需要學(xué)生有扎實(shí)的語言基礎(chǔ)，較強(qiáng)的邏輯思維能力和英語語言表達(dá)能力。書面表達(dá)不僅要求學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)寫出正確的詞匯和句子，還要使整篇文章邏輯通順、語言豐富、緊扣主題?，F(xiàn)結(jié)合2017年全國部分省、市的高考英語試題，對不同書面表達(dá)的內(nèi)容加以評析，促使同學(xué)們從中獲取寫好書面表達(dá)的靈感。

一、層次分明、有理有據(jù)

想寫好書面表達(dá)，關(guān)鍵首先要學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)真審題，只有明確了寫作目標(biāo)，厘清寫作思路，才能建立文章結(jié)構(gòu)，寫出有廣度、深度的內(nèi)容。縱觀2017江蘇的書面表達(dá)的參考文便會(huì)有這樣的體驗(yàn)。題目要求考生觀察有關(guān)我國電影票房收入 （box-office income） 的柱狀圖及相關(guān)文字，并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章。而所給出的參考文結(jié)構(gòu)清楚、層次分明，具有很強(qiáng)的邏輯性。

As is indicated in the graph， the box-office income of Chinese films increased constantly from 2012 to 2015， but its growth， for one reason or another， slowed down in 2016.

The increase in the box-office income can be attributed to a number of factors. The quality of life has improved and watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment. Besides， filming technology has advanced and more quality films are on offer. Moreover， the Internet plays an important part. On the Internet， people can seek information about their favorite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well， which is both time-saving and economical.

However， the film market may witness a slowdown in the near future. Cinemas have gradually given way to the rise of the Internet and cellphones， and the ticket price is on the increase. Therefore， the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.

文章結(jié)構(gòu)合理、層次分明。第一段總結(jié)歸納柱狀圖所含信息，提到了持續(xù)增長和增長放緩，內(nèi)容概括全面。第二段提出個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)并給出理由；第三段中提出自己的合理看法并給出自己的理由，做到了有理有據(jù)。時(shí)態(tài)和人稱運(yùn)用準(zhǔn)確無誤，表達(dá)純正。范文使用了較高級(jí)的詞匯和詞組are on offer， is regarded as， constantly， play an important part， be attributed to， as well， time-saving， economical；還使用了定語從句which is both time-saving and economical；Besides， Moreover， However， Therefore等詞的使用，把文章銜接成了整體，使文章顯得有層次感。

二、分析細(xì)致、闡述到位

在實(shí)際寫作中，一些學(xué)生所寫內(nèi)容往往局限于將所提供的語言點(diǎn)作一些簡單敘述，不能就某一事物或話題進(jìn)行深入的挖掘和闡述，不注重文本蘊(yùn)藏的文化內(nèi)涵。參閱下面的文章也許你會(huì)有所頓悟。

Dear Jim，

I'm happy to receive your letter and know you're coming to China.Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai， both are highly recommended.

Personally， I prefer the tour along the Yangtze， the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover， the scenery along the river is amazing， with many well-known sightseeing spots. That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.

Hope you'll have a good time in China.

Yours，

Li Hua （2017北京高考試題）

本文內(nèi)容齊全，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，布局合理，語言精練，高級(jí)詞匯highly recommended，連接詞personally，moreover的合理使用和表語從句That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.的使用為文章增色不少。endprint

在寫提綱類作文時(shí)，考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀提示，弄清試題提供的所有信息，明確有哪些要點(diǎn)。其次，要注意提綱是文章的總體框架，要在提綱范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行分析、構(gòu)思和想象。要依據(jù)提示情景和詞語，按照邏輯關(guān)系來寫。最后，根據(jù)要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)；語言表達(dá)要符合英語習(xí)慣。同時(shí)也要合理運(yùn)用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句子為文章增色添彩。

三、情真意切、形神兼?zhèn)?/p>

英語寫作不是簡單的句子翻譯，字里行間透出的應(yīng)是作者的真實(shí)情感，尤其像下文選擇的是考生在生活中耳濡目染的內(nèi)容，涉及中國的傳統(tǒng)美德——感恩，順應(yīng)了英語高考作文與中國傳統(tǒng)文化相結(jié)合的趨勢。作為考生，應(yīng)該會(huì)有這樣的經(jīng)歷體會(huì)，從而為考生提供了展示自己語言水平和真情實(shí)感的平臺(tái)。閱讀北京卷書面表達(dá)第二節(jié)范文會(huì)讓我們感受到學(xué)生對學(xué)校的眷戀和對老師的感恩。

Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion， we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school.

Material collecting took us a whole week， during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into the video. Some compromises were unavoidable， but the video turned out perfect. Several days later， when the video was played on the graduation ceremony， it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.

在寫看圖說話類作文時(shí)，考生首先要讀懂圖片隱含的信息。本文有四幅圖，而且要求是按先后順序，所以一定要注意順序的問題；其次，根據(jù)圖片隱含的信息把每幅圖的主題找到，然后分別寫出每幅圖的主題句，也就是說要列好文章主體部分的大綱，最后結(jié)合自己的看法，寫出相應(yīng)的總結(jié)和感受。寫作過程中一定要注意先后順序，巧用連接詞，合理銜接，科學(xué)安排。

縱觀上述內(nèi)容可以看出，語言的表達(dá)是多樣性的，要想把自己的書面表達(dá)寫得有深度，有獨(dú)特性，必然需要有其獨(dú)特的表達(dá)形式才能喚起讀者興趣。不去研究實(shí)踐，要想提高書面表達(dá)水平就是一句空話。因此，分析研究不同省市高考試題，借鑒參考范文中好的做法，加上自身不斷的實(shí)踐、感悟和改進(jìn)，就一定能在寫作上百尺竿頭，更進(jìn)一步。endprint